python - Django rest 框架验证 POST 请求参数的最佳方式

Question

当我收到 POST对 Django REST 框架的请求 APIView类，我想过滤/验证传递的参数以防止它们被修改。例如，对于这个序列化程序:

class MediaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Media
        fields = ('id', 'title', 'content', 'url', 'createdByUser', 'karma', 'type', 'issue', 'creationDate', 'updatedDate')

一些参数如id , creationDate或 createdByUser不应该被修改。所以对于我的类(class) class MediaDetail(APIView)我有:

def validateRequest(self):
        user = self.request.data.get('createdByUser', None)
        karma = self.request.data.get('karma', None)
        creationDate = self.request.data.get('creationDate', None)

        if user is not None or karma is not None or creationDate is not None:
            return Response(status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

@method_decorator(login_required)
def post(self, request, pk, format=None):
        self.validateRequest()
        media = self.get_object(pk)
        self._throwIfNotMediaAuthor(media, request.user)

        serializer = MediaSerializer(media, data=request.data)

        if serializer.is_valid():
            # serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

有没有更好的方法来进行这种验证？也许在序列化器上？我找不到足够的文档。

Answer 1

是的，您可以使用 read_only_fields 序列化程序的参数 Meta .

关于如何在当前 View 中使用的示例(假设您想在 POST 时根据 REST's guidelines 创建一个对象，对其稍作修改):

class MediaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Media
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'karma', 'createdByUser', 'creationDate')
        ...

@method_decorator(login_required)
def post(self, request, pk, format=None):
        serializer = MediaSerializer(data=request.data)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        serializer.save(createdByUser=request.user, creationDate=timezone.now().date(), karma=initial_value)
        return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)