sql-server - T-SQL 事务语法

Question

我正在实现一个关键任务存储过程，它将执行 UPDATE 、 DELETE 和 INSERT ，我想确保我的 TRANSACTION 格式正确。

我见过一些 TRANSACTION 语句，其中每一步后都有一个检查。我也看到过这种类型，其中整个步骤集简单地放置在一个 TRANSACTION 块中，沿途没有任何“检查点”。

这是一个格式良好的 TRANSACTION ，如果在任何时候有任何错误，它会回滚所有内容，即 UPDATE 、 DELETE 和 INSERT 。

这是 TRANSACTION :

BEGIN TRANSACTION

BEGIN TRY

   UPDATE SomeTable
   SET SomeColumnValue = 123
   WHERE Id = 123456

   DELETE FROM SomeOtherTable
   WHERE Id = 789

   INSERT INTO ThirdTable
      (Column1, Column2)
   VALUE
      ('Hello World', 1234567)  

END TRY
BEGIN CATCH

   ROLLBACK TRANSACTION

END CATCH

Answer 1

您可以使用如下语法。请注意，当从 begin try 块内部调用具有类似结构的另一个 SP 时，该语法也会处理嵌套事务

BEGIN TRAN

BEGIN TRY

    UPDATE SomeTable
    SET SomeColumnValue = 123
    WHERE Id = 123456

    DELETE FROM SomeOtherTable
    WHERE Id = 789

    INSERT INTO ThirdTable
    (Column1, Column2)
    VALUE
    ('Hello World', 1234567)  

    COMMIT TRAN

END TRY
BEGIN CATCH

    IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0
    ROLLBACK TRAN;

    INSERT INTO LogError (
                        --ErrorID
                        objectName
                        ,ErrorCode
                        ,ErrorDescription
                        ,ErrorGenerationTime            
                             )
    SELECT  
                        -- autogenerated
                        OBJECT_NAME(@@PROCID)
                        ,ERROR_NUMBER() AS ErrorCode
                        ,'Error of Severity: ' + CAST (ERROR_SEVERITY() AS VARCHAR (4))
                         +' and State: ' + CAST (ERROR_STATE() AS VARCHAR (8))
                         +' occured in Line: ' + CAST (ERROR_LINE() AS VARCHAR (10))
                         +' with following Message: ' + ERROR_MESSAGE() AS ErrorColumnDescription
                        ,GETDATE()
END CATCH