maven - 在 "provided"执行阶段排除 "test"范围依赖？

Question

我看到一个带有 provided 的 jar 在测试执行期间我的类路径中的范围。给定 provided 的定义范围，我不希望该 jar 在任何执行阶段出现在类路径中。

我已经使用 M2E“依赖层次” View 确认范围是正确的。我已经尝试过使用 classpathDependencyScopeExclude maven-surefire-plugin 中的选项以防止依赖项出现，但它没有奏效:

<build>
  <pluginManagement>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.14.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <!--
            We always want to exclude provided deps. I'm not sure why this
            isn't the default.
          -->
          <classpathDependencyScopeExclude>provided</classpathDependencyScopeExclude>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </pluginManagement>
</build>

这是有问题的依赖定义:

父 POM :

<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
  <artifactId>jsr311-api</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>

模块 POM :

<dependency>
  <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
  <artifactId>jsr311-api</artifactId>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

jar 在那里正常吗？我该怎么做才能让它不出现？

编辑 : 我跑了mvn dependency:tree在父 POM 上。这是相关项目的输出:

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building sibyl.transport.impl.http.server 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.1:tree (default-cli) @ sibyl.transport.impl.http.server ---
[INFO] com.sigpwned.analytics:sibyl.transport.impl.http.server:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- com.sigpwned.analytics:sibyl.transport:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] +- com.sigpwned.analytics:commons:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] +- javax.ws.rs:jsr311-api:jar:1.1.1:provided
[INFO] +- com.sun.jersey:jersey-server:jar:1.17.1:test (scope not updated to compile)
[INFO] |  +- asm:asm:jar:3.1:test
[INFO] |  \- com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:jar:1.17.1:test
[INFO] +- com.sun.jersey:jersey-servlet:jar:1.17.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-servlet:jar:9.0.3.v20130506:test
[INFO] |  \- org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-security:jar:9.0.3.v20130506:test
[INFO] |     \- org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-server:jar:9.0.3.v20130506:test
[INFO] |        +- org.eclipse.jetty.orbit:javax.servlet:jar:3.0.0.v201112011016:test
[INFO] |        +- org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-http:jar:9.0.3.v20130506:test
[INFO] |        |  \- org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-util:jar:9.0.3.v20130506:test
[INFO] |        \- org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-io:jar:9.0.3.v20130506:test
[INFO] +- com.sigpwned.analytics:sibyl.transport.impl.http.client:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT:test
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:jar:4.2.5:test
[INFO] |     +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:jar:4.2.4:test
[INFO] |     +- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.1.1:test
[INFO] |     \- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.6:test
[INFO] \- junit:junit:jar:4.11:test
[INFO]    \- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test

同样，具有提供范围的 jar 我希望不会出现在类路径上，但确实是 JAX-RS 规范 API，如上所示 javax.ws.rs:jsr311-api:jar:1.1.1:provided .我相信这证实了这种依赖只出现在 provided范围。

编辑 :如果我运行测试，这里是运行的命令行(来自 ps ):

sigpwned       11771   0.0  1.2  4019788 100240   ??  S    10:58PM   0:05.92 /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_21.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java -agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,suspend=y,address=localhost:59974 -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath /Users/aboothe/Documents/workspaces/w2oanalytics/sibyl.transport.impl.http.server/target/test-classes:/Users/aboothe/Documents/workspaces/w2oanalytics/sibyl.transport.impl.http.server/target/classes:/Users/aboothe/Documents/workspaces/w2oanalytics/sibyl/sibyl.transport/target/classes:/Users/aboothe/Documents/workspaces/w2oanalytics/commons/target/classes:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/javax/ws/rs/jsr311-api/1.1.1/jsr311-api-1.1.1.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-server/1.17.1/jersey-server-1.17.1.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/asm/asm/3.1/asm-3.1.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-core/1.17.1/jersey-core-1.17.1.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-servlet/1.17.1/jersey-servlet-1.17.1.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-servlet/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-servlet-9.0.3.v20130506.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-security/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-security-9.0.3.v20130506.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-server/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-server-9.0.3.v20130506.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/orbit/javax.servlet/3.0.0.v201112011016/javax.servlet-3.0.0.v201112011016.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-http/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-http-9.0.3.v20130506.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-util/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-util-9.0.3.v20130506.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-io/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-io-9.0.3.v20130506.jar:/Users/aboothe/Documents/workspaces/w2oanalytics/sibyl.transport.impl.http.client/target/classes:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpclient/4.2.5/httpclient-4.2.5.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcore/4.2.4/httpcore-4.2.4.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.1.1/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.6/commons-codec-1.6.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/junit/junit/4.11/junit-4.11.jar:/Users/aboothe/.m2/repository/org/hamcrest/hamcrest-core/1.3/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar:/Users/aboothe/Downloads/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/bundles/350/1/.cp/:/Users/aboothe/Downloads/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/bundles/349/1/.cp/ org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner -version 3 -port 59973 -testLoaderClass org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader -loaderpluginname org.eclipse.jdt.junit4.runtime -classNames com.sigpwned.analytics.sibyl.transport.impl.http.server.HttpServerTransportTests

如果您拉出类路径，则如下所示:

/Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl.transport.impl.http.server/target/test-classes
/Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl.transport.impl.http.server/target/classes
/Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl/sibyl.transport/target/classes
/Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/commons/target/classes
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/javax/ws/rs/jsr311-api/1.1.1/jsr311-api-1.1.1.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-server/1.17.1/jersey-server-1.17.1.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/asm/asm/3.1/asm-3.1.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-core/1.17.1/jersey-core-1.17.1.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-servlet/1.17.1/jersey-servlet-1.17.1.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-servlet/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-servlet-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-security/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-security-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-server/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-server-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/orbit/javax.servlet/3.0.0.v201112011016/javax.servlet-3.0.0.v201112011016.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-http/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-http-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-util/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-util-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-io/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-io-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
/Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl.transport.impl.http.client/target/classes
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpclient/4.2.5/httpclient-4.2.5.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcore/4.2.4/httpcore-4.2.4.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.1.1/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.6/commons-codec-1.6.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/junit/junit/4.11/junit-4.11.jar
/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/hamcrest/hamcrest-core/1.3/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar
/Users/sigpwned/Downloads/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/bundles/350/1/.cp/
/Users/sigpwned/Downloads/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/bundles/349/1/.cp/

编辑 : 调查后classpathDependencyScopeExclude文档，我确定您只能排除 compile , runtime , 和 test依赖关系，而不是 provided .这解释了为什么该功能不起作用。在尝试了下面@hello 的建议后，我确​​定 classpathDependencyExclude直接使用 maven 运行时有效。这是我从surefire jar的 list 中提取的类路径:

  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/surefire/surefire-booter/2.14.1/surefire-booter-2.14.1.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/surefire/surefire-api/2.14.1/surefire-api-2.14.1.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl/sibyl.transport.impl.http.server/target/test-classes/
  file:/Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl/sibyl.transport.impl.http.server/target/classes/
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/siggroup/analytics/sibyl.transport/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/sibyl.transport-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/siggroup/analytics/commons/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/commons-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-server/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-server-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/orbit/javax.servlet/3.0.0.v201112011016/javax.servlet-3.0.0.v201112011016.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-http/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-http-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-util/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-util-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-io/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-io-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-servlet/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-servlet-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-security/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-security-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-server/1.17.1/jersey-server-1.17.1.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/asm/asm/3.1/asm-3.1.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-core/1.17.1/jersey-core-1.17.1.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-servlet/1.17.1/jersey-servlet-1.17.1.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/siggroup/analytics/sibyl.transport.impl.http.client/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/sibyl.transport.impl.http.client-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpclient/4.2.4/httpclient-4.2.4.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcore/4.2.4/httpcore-4.2.4.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.1.1/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.6/commons-codec-1.6.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/siggroup/analytics/sibyl.transport/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/sibyl.transport-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-tests.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/junit/junit/4.11/junit-4.11.jar
  file:/Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/hamcrest/hamcrest-core/1.3/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar

请注意，jsr311-api.jar 不存在。成功!这是有效的配置:

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>${maven-surefire-plugin.version}</version>
  <configuration>
    <!--
      We never want to include these API deps on an execution classpath.
      I would think this is how the "provided" scope works - just
      compile against the jar, and then I'll bring it myself at
      execution time - but provided is only excluded during the runtime
      phase, not the testing phase. So, we have to exclude all our
      API JARs by hand.
    -->
    <classpathDependencyExcludes>
      <classpathDependencyExclude>javax.ws.rs:jsr311-api</classpathDependencyExclude>
    </classpathDependencyExcludes>
    <includes>
      <include>**/*Tests.*</include>
    </includes>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

但是，此解决方案似乎不适用于 M2E。这是我从 ps 中提取的类路径在使用 M2E 执行测试期间:

  /Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl/sibyl.transport.impl.http.server/target/test-classes
  /Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl/sibyl.transport.impl.http.server/target/classes
  /Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl/sibyl.transport/target/classes
  /Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/commons/target/classes
> /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/javax/ws/rs/jsr311-api/1.1.1/jsr311-api-1.1.1.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-server/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-server-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/orbit/javax.servlet/3.0.0.v201112011016/javax.servlet-3.0.0.v201112011016.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-http/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-http-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-util/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-util-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-io/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-io-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-servlet/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-servlet-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-security/9.0.3.v20130506/jetty-security-9.0.3.v20130506.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-server/1.17.1/jersey-server-1.17.1.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/asm/asm/3.1/asm-3.1.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-core/1.17.1/jersey-core-1.17.1.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-servlet/1.17.1/jersey-servlet-1.17.1.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl/sibyl.transport.impl.http.client/target/classes
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpclient/4.2.4/httpclient-4.2.4.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcore/4.2.4/httpcore-4.2.4.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.1.1/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.6/commons-codec-1.6.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/Documents/workspaces/siganalytics/sibyl/sibyl.transport/target/test-classes
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/junit/junit/4.11/junit-4.11.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/.m2/repository/org/hamcrest/hamcrest-core/1.3/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar
  /Users/sigpwned/Downloads/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/bundles/350/1/.cp/
  /Users/sigpwned/Downloads/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/bundles/349/1/.cp/

不幸的是，jsr311-api.jar 仍然存在。这让我相信这个问题已经得到解答(答案是“使用 classpathDependencyExcludes”)，但 M2E 中有一个错误。我在 Eclipse 中运行了“检查更新”，但没有发现 M2E 的更新，所以我应该运行最新的稳定版本。我将在 M2E 上提交一个错误并在此处更新该问题，以便任何发现此问题的人都可以跟踪。

编辑 : 这个问题是 already raised对于 M2E，答案似乎是“目前 Surefire 集成超出了 M2E 的范围”。不鼓励。 :/

Answer 1

Given the definition of the provided scope, I would not expect that jar to appear on the classpath during any execution phase.

这不是 provided 的行为。范围;见 Dependency Scope . provided范围，与 compile 相同, 用于编译和测试您的类所必需的类。如果它们在 test 期间丢失那么你会有一个 NoClassDefFoundError .

不同之处在于打包和部署期间，war 中省略了这些 Artifact 。假设您的目标环境(例如，servlet 容器)将提供它自己的相同类的副本。