我想要一个带有进度条和一些条目、标签和按钮小部件的顶级窗口/对话框。我希望从 main_window 窗口更新对话框。 main_window 完成工作，我需要将其反射(reflect)在对话框中。我希望主窗口保持事件状态，以便您可以停止该过程。我还希望能够在对话框中停止该过程。
如果不使用多处理和线程，我就无法让它工作。似乎我以错误的方式解决这个问题，还是我？另外，我是多处理和线程的新手，所以我希望无论如何我都做对了。如果有人知道更好的方法来做到这一点，请告诉我。
下面是我尝试做我想做的事情，它有效，但这是正确的方法吗？
我的第一次尝试:
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
from time import sleep
from queue import Empty
from threading import Thread
from multiprocessing import Process, Queue
HIDE = -1
STOP = -2
BREAK = -3
PAUSE = -4
RESUME = -5
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
title = kwargs.pop('title', '')
theme = kwargs.pop('theme', 'clam')
geometry = kwargs.pop('geometry', None)
exit_callback = kwargs.pop('exit_callback', None)
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.title(title)
self.style = ttk.Style()
self.style.theme_use(theme)
if geometry:
self.geometry(geometry)
if exit_callback:
self.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', exit_callback)
def main_window(out_que, in_que, maximum):
def worker():
if app.running:
return
app.running = True
app.finished = False
for count in range(0, maximum + 1):
try:
message = in_que.get_nowait()
if message:
if message == PAUSE:
message = in_que.get()
if message == BREAK:
break
elif message == STOP:
app.destroy()
except Empty:
pass
sleep(0.1) # Simulate work.
out_que.put(count)
app.running = False
app.finished = True
start_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
def app_stop():
out_que.put(STOP)
app.destroy()
def test_stop():
if app.running:
out_que.put(HIDE)
elif app.finished:
out_que.put(HIDE)
in_que.get()
stop_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
start_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
def test_start():
while not in_que.empty():
in_que.get()
stop_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
start_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
thread = Thread(target=worker, daemon=True)
thread.daemon = True
thread.start()
app = App(title='Main Window', theme='alt', geometry='350x150', exit_callback=app_stop)
app.running = False
app.finished = True
app.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
app.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
app.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
start_btn = ttk.Button(app, text='Start Test', command=test_start)
start_btn.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
stop_btn = ttk.Button(app, text='Stop Test', state=tk.DISABLED, command=test_stop)
stop_btn.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
app.mainloop()
def progress_window(in_que, out_que, maximum):
def hide():
out_que.put(BREAK)
pause_btn.config(text='Pause')
app.withdraw()
def pause():
if progress_bar['value'] < progress_bar['maximum']:
text = pause_btn.cget('text')
text = 'Resume' if text == 'Pause' else 'Pause'
pause_btn.config(text=text)
out_que.put(PAUSE)
else:
pause_btn.config(text='Pause')
def worker():
while True:
data = in_que.get()
print(data)
if data == HIDE:
hide()
elif data == STOP:
app.destroy()
out_que.put(STOP)
break
elif not data:
app.deiconify()
progress_bar["value"] = 0
else:
progress_bar["value"] = data
app.update_idletasks()
app = App(title='Progress', theme='clam', geometry='350x150', exit_callback=hide)
app.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
app.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
app.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
app.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
progress_bar = ttk.Progressbar(app, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, mode='determinate')
progress_bar["maximum"] = maximum
progress_bar.grid(padx=10, sticky=tk.EW, columnspan=1000)
pause_btn = ttk.Button(app, text='Pause', command=pause)
pause_btn.grid()
cancel_btn = ttk.Button(app, text='Cancel', command=hide)
cancel_btn.grid(row=1, column=1)
thread = Thread(target=worker)
thread.daemon = True
thread.start()
app.withdraw()
app.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
jobs = []
que1 = Queue()
que2 = Queue()
process = 50 # The maximum amount of work to process, # items.
for target in (main_window, progress_window):
p = Process(target=target, args=(que1, que2, process))
jobs.append(p)
p.start()
for j in jobs:
j.join()
这是我的第二次尝试，没有多处理只是线程。
我已经更新了代码，不使用多处理，只使用线程。线程是必要的还是可以不用它来完成并完成同样的事情？
代码似乎工作正常，但我做得对吗？我是线程的新手，只是想确保在继续我的项目之前我做的事情是正确的。
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
from time import sleep
from queue import Empty
from threading import Thread
from multiprocessing import Queue
HIDE = -1
STOP = -2
DONE = -3
BREAK = -4
PAUSE = -5
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.running = False
self.finished = True
self.app_que = Queue()
self.dialog_que = Queue()
self.process_items = 50
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.title('Main Window')
self.geometry('350x150')
self.style = ttk.Style()
self.style.theme_use('clam')
wdg = self.start_btn = ttk.Button(self, text='Start Test', command=self.test_start)
wdg.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
wdg = self.stop_btn = ttk.Button(self, text='Stop Test', state=tk.DISABLED, command=self.test_stop)
wdg.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
self.dlg = ProgressDialog(self, title='Progress', geometry='350x150', process=self.process_items)
self.dlg.app_que = self.app_que
self.dlg.dialog_que = self.dialog_que
self.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.app_stop)
thread = Thread(target=self.dlg.worker, daemon=True)
thread.start()
def worker(self):
self.dlg.cancel_btn.config(text='Cancel')
self.dlg.pause_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
for count in range(0, self.process_items + 1):
try:
message = self.app_que.get_nowait()
if message:
if message == PAUSE:
message = self.app_que.get()
if message == BREAK:
self.stop_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
break
elif message == STOP:
self.destroy()
except Empty:
pass
sleep(0.1) # Simulate work.
self.dialog_que.put(count)
self.dialog_que.put(DONE)
self.dlg.cancel_btn.config(text='Close')
self.finished = True
self.start_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.stop_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
def app_stop(self):
self.dialog_que.put(STOP)
self.destroy()
def test_stop(self):
if self.running or self.finished:
self.dialog_que.put(HIDE)
self.stop_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.start_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
def test_start(self):
while not self.app_que.empty():
self.app_que.get()
thread = Thread(target=self.worker, daemon=True)
thread.start()
self.stop_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.start_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.dlg.deiconify()
class ProgressDialog(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, parent, *args, **kwargs):
title = kwargs.pop('title', '')
process = kwargs.pop('process', 0)
geometry = kwargs.pop('geometry', None)
super().__init__(parent, *args, **kwargs)
self.withdraw()
self.app_que = None
self.dialog_que = None
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.title(title)
if geometry:
self.geometry(geometry)
wdg = self.progress_bar = ttk.Progressbar(self, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, mode='determinate')
wdg["value"] = 0
wdg["maximum"] = process
wdg.grid(padx=10, sticky=tk.EW, columnspan=1000)
wdg = self.pause_btn = ttk.Button(self, text='Pause', command=self.pause)
wdg.grid()
wdg = self.cancel_btn = ttk.Button(self, text='Cancel', command=self.hide)
wdg.grid(row=1, column=1)
self.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.hide)
def worker(self):
while True:
message = self.dialog_que.get()
print(message)
if message == HIDE:
self.hide()
elif message == STOP:
self.app_que.put(DONE)
break
elif message == DONE:
self.pause_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
else:
self.progress_bar["value"] = message
def hide(self):
self.app_que.put(BREAK)
self.pause_btn.config(text='Pause')
self.withdraw()
def pause(self):
if self.progress_bar['value'] < self.progress_bar['maximum']:
text = self.pause_btn.cget('text')
text = 'Resume' if text == 'Pause' else 'Pause'
self.pause_btn.config(text=text)
self.app_que.put(PAUSE)
else:
self.pause_btn.config(text='Pause')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = App()
app.mainloop()
最佳答案
如果您不想使用 thread ,也许你可以试试 asyncio .我不知道我的代码是否正确，但它在我的 PC 上运行良好。
欢迎指出我代码中的错误，我真的不知道这是否是一个好的做法。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
import asyncio, time
import warnings
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super(App, self).__init__()
self.start_btn = ttk.Button(self, text="Start Test", command=self.test_start)
self.start_btn.pack(padx=10, pady=5, fill="both", expand=True)
self.stop_btn = ttk.Button(self, text="Stop Test", command=self.test_stop, state=tk.DISABLED)
self.stop_btn.pack(padx=10, pady=5, fill="both", expand=True)
self.test_window = tk.Toplevel()
self.test_window.progressbar = ttk.Progressbar(self.test_window, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL)
self.test_window.progressbar.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW, columnspan=2, column=0, row=0)
self.test_window.switch_btn = ttk.Button(self.test_window, text="Pause", command=self.switch)
self.test_window.switch_btn.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW, column=0, row=1)
self.test_window.cancel_btn = ttk.Button(self.test_window, text="Cancel", command=self.test_cancel)
self.test_window.cancel_btn.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW, column=1, row=1)
self.test_window.withdraw()
def test_start(self):
self.stop_btn['state'] = tk.NORMAL
self.test_window.deiconify()
self.test_window.after(0, self.work)
def work(self):
async def async_work(): # define a async task
try:
await asyncio.sleep(3) # could be another async work.
except asyncio.CancelledError:
print("cancel or stop")
raise # if don't raise the error ,it won't cancel
async def progressbar_add():
self.task = asyncio.create_task(async_work())
timeout = 0
while True: # wait the async task finish
done, pending = await asyncio.wait({self.task}, timeout=timeout)
self.test_window.update()
if self.task in done:
self.test_window.progressbar['value'] += 10 # if finished, value += 10
print(self.test_window.progressbar['value'])
await self.task
break
if self.test_window.progressbar['value'] >= 100:
return
asyncio.run(progressbar_add())
self.test_window.after(0, self.work)
def test_stop(self):
self.test_window.progressbar['value'] = 0
self.stop_btn['state'] = tk.DISABLED
try:
all_tasks = asyncio.Task.all_tasks()
for task in all_tasks:
task.cancel()
except RuntimeError: # if you have cancel the task it will raise RuntimeError
pass
def switch(self):
if self.test_window.switch_btn['text'] == 'Pause':
self.test_window.switch_btn['text'] = 'Resume'
try:
all_tasks = asyncio.Task.all_tasks()
for task in all_tasks:
task.cancel()
except RuntimeError: # if you have cancel the task it will raise RuntimeError
pass
else:
self.test_window.switch_btn['text'] = 'Pause'
return self.work()
def test_cancel(self):
# self.test_window.progressbar['value'] = 0
print(self.test_window.progressbar['value'])
self.test_window.withdraw()
self.task.cancel()
app = App()
app.mainloop()
在 Python 3.7 以下，你不能使用
asyncio.run(async) .它是在Python 3.7中添加的。需要使用get_event_loop()和 run_until_complete() .(@Saad指出)
关于python - Tkinter 进度条如何在模型对话框中正确实现，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61897484/