我想聊天。服务器是在控制台应用程序中制成的，而客户端是在winforms中制成的。
在客户端中，我写一个昵称并连接到服务器。服务器从客户端接收名称。我将所有连接到服务器的客户端添加到字典列表中，并使用(字符串)名称和(TcpClient)Socket 。之后，我想向每个客户端发送客户端列表。
当我在服务器上调试时，套接字出现 DualMode，EnableBroadcast 错误。在客户端中，当我必须接收列表时，它将停止并且不执行任何操作。
服务器
namespace MyServer
{
class MyServer
{
public Dictionary<string, TcpClient> clientList = new Dictionary<string, TcpClient>();
TcpListener server = null;
NetworkStream stream = null;
StreamReader streamReader = null;
StreamWriter streamWriter = null;
TcpClient clientSocket;
String messageReceived;
int number_clients = 0;
public MyServer(TcpClient clientSocket_connect)
{
stream = clientSocket_connect.GetStream();
streamReader = new StreamReader(stream);
streamWriter = new StreamWriter(stream);
receiveMessage(clientSocket_connect); // receive messages
}
public MyServer()
{
Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(run));
thread.Start();
}
public void receiveMessage(TcpClient client_Socket)
{
messageReceived = streamReader.ReadLine();
if (messageReceived.Substring(messageReceived.Length - 4) == "user")
{
String name = messageReceived.Substring(0, messageReceived.Length - 4);
bool found = false;
foreach (var namefound in clientList.Keys)
{
if (namefound == name)
{
found = true;
streamWriter.WriteLine("The user already exists");
streamWriter.Flush();
}
}
if (!found)
{
//show who's connected
Console.WriteLine(name + " is online");
number_clients++;
clientList.Add(name, client_Socket);
//send to client clientlist
String send = null;
foreach (var key in clientList.Keys)
{
send += key + ".";
}
foreach (var value in clientList.Values)
{
TcpClient trimitereclientSocket = value;
if (trimitereclientSocket != null)
{
NetworkStream networkStream = trimitereclientSocket.GetStream();
StreamWriter networkWriter = new StreamWriter(networkStream);
networkWriter.WriteLine(send + "connected");
networkWriter.Flush();
}
}
}
}
}
void run()
{
IPAddress ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
server = new TcpListener(ipAddress, 8000);
server.Start();
Console.WriteLine("Server started!");
while (true)
{
clientSocket = server.AcceptTcpClient();
new MyServer(clientSocket);
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
MyServer server = new MyServer();
}
}
客户
namespace MyClient
{
class MyClient
{
List<string> clientList = new List<string>();
TcpClient client = null;
NetworkStream stream = nul
l;
StreamReader streamReader = null;
StreamWriter streamWriter = null;
bool connected;
String received_message;
public MyClient()
{
client = new TcpClient("127.0.0.1", 8000);
stream = client.GetStream();
streamReader = new StreamReader(stream);
streamWriter = new StreamWriter(stream);
}
public void sendClientName(String name)
{
streamWriter.WriteLine(Convert.ToString(name));
streamWriter.Flush();
}
public List<ClientName> receiveClientList()
{
List<ClientName> val = new List<ClientName>();
string name = Convert.ToString(streamReader.ReadLine());
if (name.Substring(0, name.Length - 9) == "connected")
{
ClientName client = new ClientName();
client.Nume = name;
val.Add(client);
}
return val;
}
}
}
客户表格
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
MyClient client = new MyClient();
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
Thread receiveClients = new Thread(new ThreadStart(getMessages));
}
private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
client.sendClientName(txtNickname.Text + "user");
}
public void getMessages()
{
while (true)
{
lbClientsConnected.Items.Add(client.receiveClientList());
}
}
}
最佳答案
运行您的代码时，我无法重现任何错误。我不知道您的意思是“套接字出现DualMode，EnableBroadcast错误”。就是说，代码存在许多可修复的问题，其中包括一些直接与您有关的问题，即“当我必须接收列表时，它会停止并且不执行任何操作”。
该代码最大的问题可能就是您根本不会启动客户端的接收线程。创建Start()对象后，您需要在其上调用Thread方法:
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
Thread receiveClients = new Thread(new ThreadStart(getMessages));
// The receiving thread needs to be started
receiveClients.Start();
}
现在，即使修复了该问题，您仍然遇到其他一些问题。下一个大问题是您错误地解析了接收到的文本。在代码中，您应该在字符串末尾查找文本
"connected"，而是提取文本的另一部分(带有客户端名称列表)。您的
receiveClientList()方法应该看起来像这样:private const string _kconnected = "connected";
public List<string> receiveClientList()
{
List<string> val = new List<string>();
string name = Convert.ToString(streamReader.ReadLine());
// Need to check the *end* of the string for "connected" text,
// not the beginning.
if (name.EndsWith(_kconnected))
{
name = name.Substring(0, name.Length - _kconnected.Length);
val.Add(name);
}
return val;
}
(您没有在问题中共享
ClientName类，并且实际上该示例不需要它；此练习的目的是使用一个简单的string值就足够了。此外，我介绍了名为const string的_kconnected，以确保字符串文字可以在需要的每个位置正确使用，以及简化用法。)但是即使解决了这两个问题，您仍然可以在
Form代码中找到一些实际处理接收方法返回值的代码。首先，您将从接收方法返回的List<T>对象传递给ListBox.Items.Add()方法，这只会导致ListBox显示对象的类型名称，而不是其元素。其次，由于代码是在拥有
ListBox对象的UI线程之外的线程中执行的，因此必须将调用包装在对Control.Invoke()的调用中。否则，您将获得一个跨线程操作异常。解决这两个问题后，您将获得以下信息:
public void getMessages()
{
while (true)
{
// Need to receive the data, and the call Invoke() to add the
// data to the ListBox. Also, if adding a List<T>, need to call
// AddRange(), not Add().
string[] receivedClientList = client.receiveClientList().ToArray();
Invoke((MethodInvoker)(() => listBox1.Items.AddRange(receivedClientList)));
}
进行这些更改后，代码将处理客户端发送的消息，并返回客户端列表。那应该使您更进一步。也就是说，您还有许多其他问题，包括一些相当基本的问题:
请注意，解决此问题后，将有多个线程都在访问单个字典数据结构。您将需要学习如何使用
lock语句来确保在多个线程之间安全共享字典的使用。 streamWriter，而是创建了一个全新的StreamWriter对象(在名为networkWriter的本地变量中引用)以写入套接字。在这个非常简单的示例中，它工作正常，但是在缓冲和缺乏线程安全性之间，此错误设计的代码可能会遇到严重的数据损坏问题。 receiveMessage()方法，像这样:private const string _kuser = "user";
public void receiveMessage(TcpClient client_Socket)
{
messageReceived = streamReader.ReadLine();
if (messageReceived.EndsWith(_kuser))
{
String name = messageReceived.Substring(0, messageReceived.Length - _kuser.Length);
if (clientList.ContainsKey(name))
{
streamWriter.WriteLine("The user already exists");
streamWriter.Flush();
return;
}
//show who's connected
Console.WriteLine(name + " is online");
number_clients++;
clientList.Add(name, client_Socket);
string send = string.Join(".", clientList.Keys);
foreach (var value in clientList.Values.Where(v => v != null))
{
// NOTE: I didn't change the problem noted in #2 above, instead just
// left the code the way you had it, mostly. Of course, in a fully
// corrected version of the code, your dictionary would contain not
// just `TcpClient` objects, but some client-specific object specific
// to your server implementation, in which the `TcpClient` object
// is found, along with the `StreamReader` and `StreamWriter` objects
// you've already created for that connection (and any other per-client
// data that you need to track). Then you would write to that already-
// existing `StreamWriter` object instead of creating a new one each
// time here.
NetworkStream networkStream = value.GetStream();
StreamWriter networkWriter = new StreamWriter(networkStream);
networkWriter.WriteLine(send + "connected");
networkWriter.Flush();
}
}
}
以上并非以任何方式穷举。坦白说，您可能应该花更多的时间来查看现有的网络感知代码示例，例如在MSDN和Stack Overflow上，以及在网站，博客或书籍中的教程上。即使您似乎在这里尝试以一种“每个连接一个线程”的方式编写服务器，也确实有很多细节需要纠正，而到目前为止您还没有做到。
但我确实希望以上内容足以使您克服当前的障碍，并继续解决下一个大问题。 :)
关于c# - 客户端未从服务器多线程接收数据，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36237854/