您好，这是我的迷你编程语言的野牛语法文件:
%{
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "projectbison.tab.h"
void yyerror(char const *);
extern FILE *yyin;
extern FILE *yyout;
extern int yylval;
extern int yyparse(void);
extern int n;
int errNum = 0;
int forNum = 0;
%}
%left PLUS MINUS
%left MULT DIV MOD
%nonassoc EQUAL NEQUAL LESS GREATER LEQUAL GEQUAL
%token INTEGER BOOLEAN STRING VOID
%token ID
%token AND
%token BEGINP
%token ENDP
%token EXTERN
%token COMMA
%token EQ
%token RETURN1
%token IF1 ELSE1 WHILE1 FOR1 DO1
%token LOR LAND LNOT
%token TRUE FALSE
%token EQUAL NEQUAL LESS GREATER LEQUAL GEQUAL
%token LB1 RB1
%token LCB1 RCB1
%token SEMIC
%token NEWLINE
%token PLUS MINUS
%token MULT DIV MOD
%token DIGIT STRING1
%start program
%%
/*50*/
program : external-decl program-header defin-field command-field
;
external-decl : external-decl external-prototype
|
;
external-prototype : EXTERN prototype-func NEWLINE
;
program-header : VOID ID LB1 RB1 NEWLINE
;
defin-field : defin-field definition
|
;
definition : variable-defin
| func-defin
| prototype-func
;
variable-defin : data-type var-list SEMIC newline
;
data-type : INTEGER
| BOOLEAN
| STRING
;
var-list : ID extra-ids
;
extra-ids : COMMA var-list
|
;
func-defin : func-header defin-field command-field
;
prototype-func : func-header SEMIC
;
func-header : data-type ID LB1 lists RB1 newline
;
lists: list-typ-param
|
;
list-typ-param : typical-param typical-params
;
typical-params : COMMA list-typ-param
|
;
typical-param : data-type AND ID
;
command-field : BEGINP commands newline ENDP newline
;
commands : commands newline command
|
;
command : simple-command SEMIC
| struct-command
| complex-command
;
complex-command : LCB1 newline command newline RCB1
;
struct-command : if-command
| while-command
| for-command
;
simple-command : assign
| func-call
| return-command
| null-command
;
if-command : IF1 LB1 gen-expr RB1 newline command else-clause
;
else-clause: ELSE1 newline command
;
while-command : WHILE1 LB1 gen-expr RB1 DO1 newline RCB1 command LCB1
;
for-command : FOR1 LB1 conditions RB1 newline RCB1 command LCB1
;
conditions : condition SEMIC condition SEMIC condition SEMIC
;
condition : gen-expr
|
;
assign : ID EQ gen-expr
;
func-call : ID LB1 real-params-list RB1
| ID LB1 RB1
;
real-params-list : real-param real-params
;
real-params : COMMA real-param real-params
|
;
real-param : gen-expr
;
return-command : RETURN1 gen-expr
;
null-command :
;
gen-expr : gen-terms gen-term
;
gen-terms : gen-expr LOR
|
;
gen-term : gen-factors gen-factor
;
gen-factors : gen-term LAND
|
;
gen-factor : LNOT first-gen-factor
| first-gen-factor
;
first-gen-factor : simple-expr comparison
| simple-expr
;
comparison : compare-operator simple-expr
;
compare-operator : EQUAL
| NEQUAL
| LESS
| GREATER
| LEQUAL
| GEQUAL
;
simple-expr : expresion simple-term
;
expresion : simple-expr PLUS
|simple-expr MINUS
|
;
simple-term : mul-expr simple-parag
;
mul-expr: simple-term MULT
| simple-term DIV
| simple-term MOD
|
;
simple-parag : simple-prot-oros
| MINUS simple-prot-oros
;
simple-prot-oros : ID
| constant
| func-call
| LB1 gen-expr RB1
;
constant : DIGIT
| STRING1
| TRUE
| FALSE
;
newline:NEWLINE
|
;
%%
void yyerror(char const *msg)
{
errNum++;
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
++argv;
--argc;
if ( argc > 0 )
{yyin= fopen( argv[0], "r" ); }
else
{yyin = stdin;
yyout = fopen ( "output", "w" );}
int a = yyparse();
if(a==0)
{printf("Done parsing\n");}
else
{printf("Yparxei lathos sti grammi: %d\n", n);}
printf("Estimated number of errors: %d\n", errNum);
return 0;
}
对于这样的简单输入:
void main()
integer k;
boolean l;
begin
aek=32;
end
我得到以下内容:
$ ./MyParser.exe file2.txt
void , id ,left bracket , right bracket
integer , id ,semicolon
boolean , id ,semicolon
BEGIN PROGRAM
id ,equals , digit ,semicolon
END PROGRAM
syntax error
Yparxei lathos sti grammi: 8
Estimated number of errors: 1
我对输入文件所做的任何更改最终都会导致语法错误....我为什么要得到它并且我该怎么办？在此先感谢很多!这里是flex文件，以防万一有人需要它:
%{
#include "projectbison.tab.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int n=1;
%}
%option noyywrap
digit [0-9]+
id [a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*
%%
"(" {printf("left bracket , "); return LB1;}
")" {printf("right bracket\n"); return RB1;}
"{" {printf("left curly bracket , "); return LCB1;}
"}" {printf("right curly bracket\n"); return RCB1;}
"==" {printf("isotita ,"); return EQUAL;}
"!=" {printf("diafora ,"); return NEQUAL;}
"<" {printf("less_than ,"); return LESS;}
">" {printf("greater_than ,"); return GREATER;}
"<=" {printf("less_eq ,"); return LEQUAL;}
">=" {printf("greater_eq ,"); return GEQUAL;}
"||" {printf("lor\n"); return LOR;}
"&&" {printf("land\n"); return LAND;}
"&" {printf("and ,"); return AND;}
"!" {printf("lnot ,"); return LNOT;}
"+" {printf("plus ,"); return PLUS; }
"-" {printf("minus ,"); return MINUS;}
"*" {printf("multiply ,"); return MULT;}
"/" {printf("division ,"); return DIV;}
"%" {printf("mod ,"); return MOD;}
";" {printf("semicolon \n"); return SEMIC;}
"=" {printf("equals , "); return EQ;}
"," {printf("comma ,"); return COMMA;}
"\n" {n++; return NEWLINE;}
void {printf("void ,"); return VOID;}
return {printf("return ,"); return RETURN1;}
extern {printf("extern\n"); return EXTERN;}
integer {printf("integer ,"); return INTEGER;}
boolean {printf("boolean ,"); return BOOLEAN;}
string {printf("string ,"); return STRING;}
begin {printf("BEGIN PROGRAM\n"); return BEGINP;}
end {printf("END PROGRAM\n"); return ENDP;}
for {printf("for\n"); return FOR1;}
true {printf("true ,"); return TRUE;}
false {printf("false ,"); return FALSE;}
if {printf("if\n"); return IF1; }
else {printf("else\n"); return ELSE1; }
while {printf("while\n"); return WHILE1;}
{id} {printf("id ,"); return ID;}
{digit} {printf("digit ,"); return DIGIT;}
[a-zA-Z0-9]+ {return STRING1;}
` {/*catchcall*/ printf("Mystery character %s\n", yytext); }
<<EOF>> { static int once = 0; return once++ ? 0 : '\n'; }
%%
最佳答案
扫描程序很好地保证了在输入末尾将发送两个换行符:一个来自输入中存在的换行符，另一个由于捕获<<EOF>>而被发送。但是，您的语法似乎没有接受意外的换行符，因此第二个换行符将触发语法错误。
最简单的解决方案是删除<<EOF>>规则，因为没有结尾换行符的文本文件非常少见，考虑它们的语法错误是完全合法的。一个更通用的解决方案是通过定义以下内容，允许在预期换行符的位置出现任意数量的换行符:
newlines: '\n' | newlines '\n';
(将实际字符用作单字符标记使语法更具可读性，并简化了扫描仪。但这是附带问题。)
您可能还会问自己，您是否真的需要强制换行符终止，因为您的语法似乎将
;用作语句终止符，从而使换行符变得多余(除了样式方面的考虑)。从语法中删除换行符(并与扫描仪中的其他空格一样忽略它们)也将简化代码。
关于syntax-error - Bison :syntax error at the end of parsing，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30831943/