VPS 上的 Git 远程存储库接受推送但不创建文件？

Question

我正在使用 Digital Ocean VPS，获得了 Ubuntu Server 12.0.4 并尝试按照 Digital Ocean 上的一些说明进行操作。直奔前行。

但是，一旦我从我的笔记本电脑推送，我就会从 VPS 得到以下响应:

Counting objects: 4, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 335 bytes, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: usage: git [--version] [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
remote:            [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
remote:            [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
remote:            [-c name=value] [--help]
remote:            <command> [<args>]
remote: 
remote: The most commonly used git commands are:
remote:    add        Add file contents to the index
remote:    bisect     Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
remote:    branch     List, create, or delete branches
remote:    checkout   Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree
remote:    clone      Clone a repository into a new directory
remote:    commit     Record changes to the repository
remote:    diff       Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
remote:    fetch      Download objects and refs from another repository
remote:    grep       Print lines matching a pattern
remote:    init       Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one
remote:    log        Show commit logs
remote:    merge      Join two or more development histories together
remote:    mv         Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink
remote:    pull       Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch
remote:    push       Update remote refs along with associated objects
remote:    rebase     Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head
remote:    reset      Reset current HEAD to the specified state
remote:    rm         Remove files from the working tree and from the index
remote:    show       Show various types of objects
remote:    status     Show the working tree status
remote:    tag        Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG
remote: 
remote: See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command.
remote: hooks/post-receive: 3: hooks/post-receive: checkout: not found
To ssh://root@ip.my.vps.address/gits/cleu/cleu.git
   b21f9df..8eb93e0  master -> master

在 VPS 上我得到:

/gits/cleu.git/

和/gits/cleu.git/hooks/post-receive得到的内容:

#!/bin/sh
git --work-tree=/sites/node/cleu --git-dir=/gits/cleu.git
checkout -f

我也得到了/sites/node/cleu/文件夹

在我的远程机器 repo 文件夹上做了:

git init
git remote add live ssh://user@vpsipadress/gits/cleu.git
# Some files addition
git add .
git commit -m "Start"
git push live master

然后我通过 ssh 登录到 vps 并检查我推送的文件，那里有任何东西。正确的步骤是什么？

Answer 1

这个说法:

And /gits/cleu.git/hooks/post-receive got as content:

出现指示cleu.git是一个“裸”存储库。 (man git-init 中有一些信息，但实际上并不多。)通常，git repo 看起来像这样:

.../some-parent-dir
    .git/
        config
        description
        HEAD
        hooks
        ... and so on ...
    < your files >

一个裸存储库如下所示:

.../some-parent-dir.git
    config
    description
    HEAD
    hooks
    ... and so on ...

裸仓库只是没有工作目录的仓库。它对于存储存储库及其历史记录很有用，但并不适合使用它。您经常在没有工作目录的 Remote 上看到它，因为没有人在那里工作。

一些暗示它是一个裸仓库，而不是一个普通的仓库:

没有.git目录。

.git 中的所有内容目录是在主文件夹中。

此外，路径以 .git 结尾。 ，例如，cleu.git而不仅仅是cleu .然而，这只是一个常见的命名约定，所以不要依赖它，但通常会看到这样命名的裸仓库。

但数据在哪里？

历史在objects .它以复杂的方式存储；不要试图直接得到它¹。相反，只需尝试克隆 repo:

git clone ssh://user@vpsipadress/gits/cleu.git
cd cleu
# Now take a look around.

¹除非您想深入了解 git在内部工作。这真的很酷，但有点复杂。 Git Internals应该提供一个起点。

关于那个脚本……

钩子(Hook)脚本 post-receive只是一个可执行文件，在这里，只是一个 shell 脚本:

#!/bin/sh
git --work-tree=/sites/node/cleu --git-dir=/gits/cleu.git
checkout -f

但是请注意，shell 脚本需要命令位于一行，例如:

#!/bin/sh
git --work-tree=/sites/node/cleu --git-dir=/gits/cleu.git checkout -f

(因为 git checkout 是这里的命令)，或者，您可以将其与行继续分开:

#!/bin/sh
git --work-tree=/sites/node/cleu --git-dir=/gits/cleu.git \
    checkout -f

我已经缩进它以更清楚地表示延续；这是文体，并不是严格要求的，但我发现它更具可读性。你甚至可以:

#!/bin/sh
git \
    --work-tree=/sites/node/cleu \
    --git-dir=/gits/cleu.git \
    checkout -f