c++ - 运算符(operator)溢出功能调用未正确调用

Question

所以，我收到一个错误，VS 2012中的错误C4930，说

prototyped function not called (was a variable definition intended?)

基本上，由于某种原因，我使用运算符溢出函数进行的所有函数调用均无法正确调用。我见过有人写这样的函数调用

Comp_Num Comp_Num::operator- (Comp_Num &c1, Comp_Num &c2);

当我添加Comp_Num::时，VS中的文本编辑器会以红色花括号强调运算符。

我也收到3个Link 2001错误。我为双r1_final和r2_final所做的变量声明有问题。我认为他们没有在函数调用之外初始化变量。这是总共的错误消息。

c:\users\andrew\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\andrew_spiteri_hw5\complex_number.h(226): warning C4930: 'Comp_Num operator +(Comp_Num &,Comp_Num &)': prototyped function not called (was a variable definition intended?)
c:\users\andrew\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\andrew_spiteri_hw5\complex_number.h(228): warning C4930: 'Comp_Num operator -(Comp_Num &,Comp_Num &)': prototyped function not called (was a variable definition intended?)
c:\users\andrew\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\andrew_spiteri_hw5\complex_number.h(230): warning C4930: 'Comp_Num operator *(Comp_Num &,Comp_Num &)': prototyped function not called (was a variable definition intended?)
Complex_Number.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "private: static class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > Comp_Num::imag1" (?imag1@Comp_Num@@0V?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@A)
Complex_Number.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: static double Comp_Num::r1_final" (?r1_final@Comp_Num@@2NA)
Complex_Number.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: static double Comp_Num::r2_final" (?r2_final@Comp_Num@@2NA)

这是代码。我正在谈论的部分在operation()函数的底部。提前致谢。

#include <iostream>
#include <String>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

#ifndef Comp_Num
class Comp_Num
{
private:
    std::vector <double> real;
    std::vector <double> imag;
    double real_in, real_in1, real_in2;
    static double r1_final, r2_final;
    std::string imag_in; 
    static std::string imag1;
public:
    Comp_Num();
    Comp_Num(double real_num, std::string img_num);

    static std::vector <std::string> get_input();
    static std::vector <std::string> get_real(std::vector <string> complexnum1);
    static std::vector <std::string> get_imag(std::vector <std::string> complexnum2);
    static void display(std::vector <std::string> display1);
    static void display2(std::vector <double> display3);
    static std::vector <std::string> set_compnum();
    static std::vector <std::string> comp2real(std::vector <std::string> c2r);
    static std::vector <double> real2double (std::vector<std::string> r2d);
    static double double_const(std::vector<double> dc);
    friend Comp_Num operator +(const Comp_Num &c3, const Comp_Num &c4);
    friend Comp_Num operator -(const Comp_Num &c3, const Comp_Num &c4);
    friend Comp_Num operator *(const Comp_Num &c3, const Comp_Num &c4);
    static void operation();
    ~Comp_Num();
/*
    double Comp_Num::operator+ (double add_num);
    double Comp_Num::operator- (double sub_num);
    double Comp_Num::operator* (double mul_num);
    double Comp_Num::operator/ (double div_num);
*/
};
#endif !Comp_Num

Comp_Num::Comp_Num()
{
    double real_in = 1;
    string imag_in = "i";
};

Comp_Num::Comp_Num(double real_num, std::string imag_num)
{
    double real_in = real_num;
    string imag_in = imag_num;
};

std::vector <string> Comp_Num::set_compnum()
{
    std::vector <string>set_num= Comp_Num::get_input();
    std::vector<string>comp1=Comp_Num::get_real(set_num);
    std::vector <string>comp2= Comp_Num::get_imag(set_num);
    std::vector <string>cmp2rl_fin = Comp_Num::comp2real(comp2);
    std::vector<double>finale = Comp_Num::real2double(cmp2rl_fin);
    Comp_Num::double_const (finale);
    imag1 = "i";
    Comp_Num *c1 = new Comp_Num(r1_final, imag1);
    Comp_Num *c2 = new Comp_Num(r2_final, imag1);

    Comp_Num::display(comp2);
    std::system("pause");
    return(comp2);
};

std::vector <string> Comp_Num::get_input()
{
    std::string usr_input, input1;
    std::vector <string> complex;
    std::cout<<"Enter 2 imaginary numbers you would like to perform your operation on.\n";
    std::getline(std::cin, usr_input);
    std::istringstream input(usr_input);
    while(input >> input1)
    {
        complex.push_back(input1);
    }
    std::cout<<'\n';
    return (complex);
};

std::vector <string> Comp_Num::get_imag(std::vector <string> complexnum2)
{
    std::vector <string> imag1;
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < complexnum2.size(); ++i)
    {
        std::string str2 = "";
        std::vector<char> char1(complexnum2[i].begin(), complexnum2[i].end());
        for(unsigned int r = 0; r < char1.size(); ++r)
        {
            if(char1[r] >= '0' && char1[r] <= '9' || char1[r] == '-' || char1[r] == '.' || char1[r] == 'i')
            {
                str2 += char1[r];
                if(char1[r] == 'i')
                {
                    imag1.push_back(str2);  
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(imag1);
};

std::vector <string> Comp_Num::get_real(std::vector <string> complexnum1)
{
    std::vector <string> real1;
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < complexnum1.size(); ++i)
    {
        std::string str2 = "";
        std::vector<char> char1(complexnum1[i].begin(), complexnum1[i].end());
        for(unsigned int r = 0; r < char1.size(); ++r)
        {
            if(char1[r] >= '0' && char1[r] <= '9' || char1[r] == '-' || char1[r] == '.' || char1[r] == 'i')
            {
                str2 += char1[r];
                if(char1[r] == 'i')
                {
                    str2="";
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        real1.push_back(str2);
    }
    return(real1);
};

void Comp_Num::display (std::vector <string> display1)
{
    unsigned int i = 0;
    while (i < display1.size())
    {
        std::cout<<display1[i]<<" ";
        i++;
    }
    std::cout<<std::endl;
};

void Comp_Num::display2 (std::vector <double> display3)
{
    unsigned int i = 0;
    while (i < display3.size())
    {
        std::cout<<display3[i]<<" ";
        i++;
    }
    std::cout<<std::endl;
};

std::vector <string> Comp_Num::comp2real(std::vector <string> c2r)
{
    std::vector <string> real2;
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < c2r.size(); ++i)
    {
        std::string str2 = "";
        std::vector<char> char1(c2r[i].begin(), c2r[i].end());
        for(unsigned int r = 0; r < char1.size(); ++r)
        {
            if(char1[r] >= '0' && char1[r] <= '9' || char1[r] == '-' || char1[r] == '.')
            {
                str2 += char1[r];
            }
        }
        real2.push_back(str2);
    }
    return(real2);
}

std::vector<double> Comp_Num::real2double (std::vector<string> r2d)
{
    double y;
    std::vector<double> final_r2d;
    std::string str, str2;
    std::vector<string>str3;
    for(unsigned int i = 0; i < r2d.size(); ++i)
    {
        std::vector<char> ch(r2d[i].begin(), r2d[i].end());
        for(unsigned int r = 0; r < ch.size(); ++r)
        {
            if(ch[r] >= '0' && ch[r] <= '9' || ch[r] == '-' || ch[r] == '.')
            {
                str2 += ch[r];  
            }
        }
        str3.push_back(str2);
        str2="";
    }
    for(unsigned int r = 0; r < str3.size(); r++)
    {
        str = str3[r];
        std::istringstream to_double(str);
        while(to_double >> y)
        {
            final_r2d.push_back(y);
        }
    }
    return(final_r2d);
};

double Comp_Num::double_const(std::vector<double>dc)
{
    r1_final=dc[0];
    r2_final=dc[1];
    return(0);
};

void Comp_Num::operation()
{
    std::string operate;
    std::cout<<"What operation would you like perform on the numbers?\n";
    std::cout<<"You may choose between addition, subtraction, and multiplication.\n";
    std::getline(cin,operate);
    if(operate == "addition")
        Comp_Num operator+ (Comp_Num &c1, Comp_Num &c2);
    else if (operate == "subtraction")
        Comp_Num operator- (Comp_Num &c1, Comp_Num &c2);
    else if (operate == "multiplication")
        Comp_Num operator* (Comp_Num &c1, Comp_Num &c2);
    else
    {
        cout<<"This is not a valid entry.  Please start over."<<std::endl;
        std::exit(0);
    }
};

Comp_Num operator +(const Comp_Num &c3, const Comp_Num &c4)
{
    std::string output,imaginary = "i";
    double final_real = c3.real_in + c4.real_in;
    std::cout<<"The difference of your imaginary numbers is "<<final_real<<imaginary<<std::endl;
    return(c3);
};

Comp_Num operator -(const Comp_Num &c3, const Comp_Num &c4)
{
    std::string output,imaginary = "i";
    double final_real = c3.real_in - c4.real_in;
    std::cout<<"The difference of your imaginary numbers is "<<final_real<<imaginary<<std::endl;
    return(c3);
};

Comp_Num operator *(const Comp_Num &c3, const Comp_Num &c4)
{
    std::string output,imaginary = "i";
    double final_real = c3.real_in * c4.real_in;
    final_real *= -1;
    std::cout<<"The difference of your imaginary numbers is "<<final_real<<std::endl;
    return(c3);
};

Answer 1

这些行是问题所在:

if(operate == "addition")
    Comp_Num operator+ (Comp_Num &c1, Comp_Num &c2);
else if (operate == "subtraction")
    Comp_Num operator- (Comp_Num &c1, Comp_Num &c2);
else if (operate == "multiplication")
    Comp_Num operator* (Comp_Num &c1, Comp_Num &c2);

如果要使用运算符，只需将它们用作运算符

Comp_num c1, c2, c3; // get these from somewhere.
if(operate == "addition")
    c3 = c1 + c2;
else if (operate == "subtraction")
    c3 = c1 - c2;
else if (operate == "multiplication")
    c3 = c1 * c2;

另一个错误是因为您需要在类外部定义静态变量。您也可以在此时初始化它们。在您的类(class)定义下尝试以下操作:

double Comp_Num::r1_final = 0;