c++ - vect.hpp:13:33:错误: ‘operator<<’声明为无效

Question

我有这个错误

vect.hpp:13:33: error: declaration of ‘operator<<’ as non-function

对于代码:

#include <iostream>

template<unsigned d>
class Vect{
    protected:
        double * coord;
    public:
        Vect() {for(int i=0, i<d, i++){*(coord+i)=0;}}
        ~Vect(){delete coord; coord=nullptr;}
        Vect(const Vect &);
        double operator=(const Vect &);
        double operator[](unsigned i) const{return *(coord+i);}
        friend std::ostream & operator<< <>(std::ostream &, const Vect<d> &); 
};

对于该行:

friend std::ostream & operator<< <>(std::ostream &, const Vect<d> &); 

Answer 1

friend 声明是指operator<<的实例化，但没有主模板声明。您需要提前声明运算符(operator)模板。例如

// forward declaration
template<unsigned d>
class Vect;

// primary template declaration of operator<<
template<unsigned d>
std::ostream & operator<< (std::ostream &, const Vect<d> &); 

template<unsigned d>
class Vect{
    protected:
        double * coord;
    public:
        Vect() {for(int i=0; i<d; i++){*(coord+i)=0;}}
        ~Vect(){delete coord; coord=nullptr;}
        Vect(const Vect &);
        double operator=(const Vect &);
        double operator[](unsigned i) const{return *(coord+i);}
        friend std::ostream & operator<< <>(std::ostream &, const Vect<d> &); 
};

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