.htaccess - 删除 htaccess 中的特定查询字符串键/值对(但保留其他完整)

Question

我想建立一个 ISAPI_Rewrite 3 "RewriteRule "来处理以下永久重定向:

╔════════════════════════════════╦════════════════════════════╗
║             Input              ║           Redirect         ║
╠════════════════════════════════╬════════════════════════════╣
║ /path/?a=foo&b=bar             ║ /path/foo/bar/             ║
║ /path/?b=baz&a=qux             ║ /path/qux/baz/             ║
║ /path/?c=1&a=foo&d=2&b=bar&e=3 ║ /path/foo/bar/?c=1&d=2&e=3 ║
╚════════════════════════════════╩════════════════════════════╝

例如;

RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} (?:^|&)a=([\w]+)(?:&|$)
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} (?:^|&)b=([\w]+)(?:&|$)
RewriteRule ^/path/$ /path/%1/%2/? [R=301]

将起作用，除了它将删除所有查询字符串对(第三个示例失败)。我似乎想不出一个优雅的解决方案来从 URL 中只删除已知的键/值对。和类似的东西......

RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)&?a=([\w]+)(.*)&?b=([\w]+)(.*)$
RewriteRule ^/path/$ /path/%2/%4/?%1%3%5 [R=301]

不完全正确(但你应该得到这个例子试图做的事情)，并且很快就会变得非常困惑。

有任何想法吗？

澄清:我的第三个示例，请求 /path/?c=1&a=foo&d=2&b=bar&e=3应该重定向到 /path/foo/bar/?c=1&d=2&e=3而不是 /path/foo/bar/1/2/3/ .我可能不知道将请求哪些查询字符串对，并且其中一些可能需要保留在查询字符串中以进行客户端处理。一些示例未知查询字符串键是；

“gclid ” - 由 Google Analytics (GA) 客户端脚本用于绑定(bind) Adwords 数据

“utm_source” - 用于明确告诉 GA 流量来源/类型

Answer 1

我分两个阶段做到了这一点。第一个是一组规则，提取一个参数，其他参数保持不变。然后我将其扩展为两个参数。规则本身并没有那么糟糕。只是很难弄清楚。

一个参数

这使用 a示例的参数。有4个条件:

一个只有

其他

其他-a

其他

由于问号与 & 号，最简单的做法是单独制定规则。事实证明，最后两个很容易组合成一个规则。

(注意:我正在使用 Helicon Ape 重写，它通常与 Apache 兼容。我遇到了一个问题，即 RewriteRule 问号需要在参数之前转义，例如 \?%2 。我不知道这是否属实.)

# a
#  ?a=foo
#  Starts with a=, non-ampersand to the end.
#  Suppress querystring with trailing question mark.
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} ^a=([^&]+)$
RewriteRule ^/path/$ /path/%1/? [NC,R=301,L]

# a-other
#  ?a=foo&b=bar, ?a=foo&b=bar&c=1
#  Starts with a=, non-ampersand, ampersand, remaining required.
#  Escape question mark so it doesn't include entire original querystring.
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} ^a=([^&]+)&(.+)
RewriteRule ^/path/$ /path/%1/\?%2 [NC,R=301,L]

# other-a or other-a-other
#  ?b=baz&a=qux, ?b=baz&c=1&a=qux
#  ?c=1&a=foo&d=2&b=bar&e=3, ?z=4&c=1&a=foo&d=2&b=bar&e=3
#  Starts with anything, ampersand, a=, non-ampersand, remaining optional.
#  The remaining optional lets it follow with nothing, or with ampersand and more parameters.
#  Escape question mark so it doesn't include entire original querystring.
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} ^(.+)&a=([^&]+)(.*)$
RewriteRule ^/path/$ /path/$2/\?%1%3 [NC,R=301,L]

两个参数

将这两个参数放在一起有点棘手，但想法是重写 a , 然后通过重写 b并重定向。要同时管理这两个部分，请重写 path至temppath然后 temppath2 ，然后将其重写回path完成后。这确保了这些仅在两个 a 时运行。和 b存在。如果只有一个或另一个存在，那么它会跳过所有这些。 (如果您还打算只处理一个，则可以进行调整。)

# Test cases:
#  1) /path/?a=foo&b=bar    to    /path/foo/bar
#  2) /path/?a=foo&b=bar&c=1     to    /path/foo/bar?c=1
#  3) /path/?a=foo&b=bar&c=1&d=2    to    /path/foo/bar?c=1&d=2
#  4) /path/?b=baz&a=qux    to    /path/qux/baz
#  5) /path/?b=baz&c=1&a=qux    to    /path/qux/baz/?c=1
#  6) /path/?c=1&b=baz&a=qux    to    /path/qux/baz/?c=1
#  7) /path/?c=1&d=2&b=baz&a=qux    to    path/qux/baz/?c=1&d=2
#  8) /path/?c=1&a=foo&d=2&b=bar&e=3    to    /path/foo/bar/?c=1&d=2&e=3
#  9) /path/?z=4&c=1&a=foo&d=2&b=bar&e=3    to    /path/foo/bar/?z=4&c=1&d=2&e=3

# Check for a and b (or b and a), rewrite to temp path and continue.
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} (?:^|&)(?:a|b)=.+&(?:b|a)=.+$
RewriteRule ^/path/$ /temppath/ [NC]

# a
#  ?a=foo
#  This case isn't needed, since we test for a and b above.

# a-other
#  1) /temppath/?a=foo&b=bar    to    /temppath2/foo/?b=bar
#  2) /temppath/?a=foo&b=bar&c=1     to    /temppath2/foo/?b=bar&c=1
#  3) /temppath/?a=foo&b=bar&c=1&d=2    to    /temppath2/foo/?b=bar&c=1&d=2
#  Starts with a=, non-ampersand, ampersand, remaining required.
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} ^a=([^&]+)&(.+)$
RewriteRule ^/temppath/$ /temppath2/%1/\?%2 [NC]

# other-a or other-a-other
#  4) /temppath/?b=baz&a=qux    to    /temppath2/qux/?b=baz
#  5) /temppath/?b=baz&c=1&a=qux    to    /temppath2/qux/?b=baz&c=1
#  6) /temppath/?c=1&b=baz&a=qux    to    /temppath2/qux/?c=1&b=baz
#  7) /temppath/?c=1&d=2&b=baz&a=qux    to    /temppath2/qux/?c=1&d=2&b=baz
#  8) /temppath/?c=1&a=foo&d=2&b=bar&e=3    to    /temppath2/foo/?c=1&d=2&b=bar&e=3
#  9) /temppath/?z=4&c=1&a=foo&d=2&b=bar&e=3    to    /temppath2/foo/?z=4&c=1&d=2&b=bar&e=3
#  Starts with anything, ampersand, a=, non-ampersand, remaining optional.
#  The remaining optional lets it follow with nothing, or with ampersand and more parameters.
#  Escape question mark so it doesn't include entire original querystring.
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} ^(.+)&a=([^&]+)(.*)$
RewriteRule ^/temppath/$ /temppath2/%2/\?%1%3 [NC]

# b
#  1) /temppath2/foo/?b=bar    to    /path/foo/bar
#  4) /temppath2/qux/?b=baz    to    /path/qux/baz
#  Starts with b=, non-ampersand to the end.
#  Capture and use path after temppath2, since it has the a folder from above.
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} ^b=([^&]+)$
RewriteRule ^/temppath2/(.*)/$ /path/$1/%1/? [NC,R=301,L]

# b-other
#  2) /temppath2/foo/?b=bar&c=1    to    /path/foo/bar?c=1
#  3) /temppath2/foo/?b=bar&c=1&d=2    to    /path/foo/bar?c=1&d=2
#  5) /temppath2/qux/?b=baz&c=1    to    /path/qux/baz/?c=1
#  Starts with b=, non-ampersand, ampersand, remaining required.
#  Capture and use path after temppath2, since it has the a folder from above.
#  Escape question mark so it doesn't include entire original querystring.
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} ^b=([^&]+)&(.+)$
RewriteRule ^/temppath2/(.*)/$ /path/$1/%1/\?%2 [NC,R=301,L]

# other-b or other-b-other
#  6) /temppath2/qux/?c=1&b=baz    to    /path/qux/baz/?c=1
#  7) /temppath2/qux/?c=1&d=2&b=baz    to    /path/qux/baz/?c=1&d=2
#  8) /temppath2/foo/?c=1&d=2&b=bar&e=3    to    /path/foo/bar/?c=1&d=2&e=3
#  9) /temppath2/foo/?z=4&c=1&d=2&b=bar&e=3    to    /path/foo/bar/?z=4&c=1&d=2&e=3
#  Starts with anything, ampersand, b=, non-ampersand, remaining optional.
#  The remaining optional lets it follow with nothing, or with ampersand and more parameters.
#  Capture and use path after temppath2, since it has the a folder from above.
#  Escape question mark so it doesn't include entire original querystring.
RewriteCond ${QUERY_STRING} ^(.+)&b=([^&]+)(.*)$
RewriteRule ^/temppath2/(.*)/$ /path/$1/%2/\?%1%3 [NC,R=301,L]

在代码中可能更容易......