python - 获取与 Beautiful Soup 的字符串列表中的字符串匹配的 HTML href 链接

Question

我正在尝试从具有 url 列表的网页获取 url。我不想获取所有网址，只想获取文本与列表中字符串文本匹配的网址。字符串列表是网页上链接文本的子集，是我通过抓取页面并删除不需要的文本来提取的。我有一个存储在文件名中的字符串列表。

我正在尝试提取列表中包含字符串的链接。下面返回一个空列表

 r = requests.get(url)

    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.content, 'html5lib')
    
    links = soup.findAll('a', string = filenames[0])
    
    file_links = [link['href'] for link in links if "export" in link['href']]

标签看起来像这样:

<p><a href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1wVjbdN9fztrjxhONGRX5U6N1OJDAChOi">
                            ECZ Mathematics Paper 2 2019.</a></p>

<p><a href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1x_9E3PaviCuSsqfJqOsQKOwVlCWZ1jqf">
                            ECZ Mathematics Paper 1 2019.</a></p>

<p><a href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1QFOzpPLuQPup8FtKgOoIcvzTnzCaRzUp">
                            ECZ Science Paper 3 2009.</a></p>

<p><a href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=0B0lFc6TrfIg7aENYc1V6akRVVnc">
                            ECZ Civic Education Paper 2 2009.</a></p>

我想获取前三个的 href 链接，但不是最后一个，因为字符串 'ECZ Civic Education Paper 2 2009.' 不是我的字符串列表的一部分。网站链接为 here

我的字符串列表如下所示:

filenames = ['ECZ Mathematics Paper 2 2019.', 'ECZ Mathematics Paper 2 2019.',
             'ECZ Science Paper 3 2009.']

我只想要前三个链接，因为链接的文本在我的列表(文件名)中。我不需要第四个链接，因为 href 链接旁边的文本 (ECZ Civic Education Paper 2 2009.) 不在我的列表中，因为我不想下载此文件。

Answer 1

尝试一下这个方法，看看是否有效:

   html = """    
    <p><a href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1wVjbdN9fztrjxhONGRX5U6N1OJDAChOi">
                                ECZ Mathematics Paper 2 2019.</a></p>    
    <p><a href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1x_9E3PaviCuSsqfJqOsQKOwVlCWZ1jqf">
                                ECZ Mathematics Paper 1 2019.</a></p>    
    <p><a href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1QFOzpPLuQPup8FtKgOoIcvzTnzCaRzUp">
                                ECZ Science Paper 3 2009.</a></p>    
    <p><a href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=0B0lFc6TrfIg7aENYc1V6akRVVnc">
                                ECZ Civic Education Paper 2 2009.</a></p>   
   """
    filenames = ['ECZ Mathematics Paper 2 2019.', 'ECZ Mathematics Paper 2 2019.',
                 'ECZ Science Paper 3 2009.']

    soup = bs(html, 'html5lib')

    all_links = soup.findAll('a')

    for link in all_links:           
        for nam in filenames:                
            if link.text.strip()==nam:
                print(link['href'])

输出:

https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1wVjbdN9fztrjxhONGRX5U6N1OJDAChOi
https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1wVjbdN9fztrjxhONGRX5U6N1OJDAChOi
https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1QFOzpPLuQPup8FtKgOoIcvzTnzCaRzUp