我可以审核 Oracle 约束违规吗?
我在表中创建了一个约束,我想在某些进程违反此约束时对其进行审核。这可能吗?我该怎么做?
我正在使用 Oracle 11g。
最佳答案
作为选项之一,您可以创建架构级触发器来捕获数据库错误。这是一个例子:
-- our test table
SQL> create table TB_Test(
2 col1 number primary key,
3 col2 number,
4 col3 number,
5 constraint CHK_CONS check (col3 < 5)
6 )
7 ;
-- table we going to log errors into
SQL> create table Db_Errors(
2 msg varchar2(1000)
3 )
4 ;
Table created
-- schema level trigger, which fires when
-- exception of certain code is raised.
-- In this case, we filter exceptions' codes out in the when clause
-- of the trigger.
-- 1 - unique constraint violation
-- 2290 - check constraint violation
-- 2292 - foreign key constraint violation
-- you can add more
SQL> create or replace trigger TR_CatchErrors
2 after servererror on schema
3 when (ora_server_error(1) in (1, 2290, 2292))
4 begin
5 insert into Db_Errors(Msg)
6 values(ora_server_error_msg(1));
7 end;
8 /
Trigger created
-- Test case;
-- 1 check constraint violation
SQL> insert into tb_test(col1, col2, col3)
2 values(1, 2, 6);
insert into tb_test(col1, col2, col3)
values(1, 2, 6)
ORA-02290: check constraint (HR.CHK_CONS) violated
-- unique constraint violation
SQL> insert into tb_test(col1, col2, col3)
2 values(1, 2, 4);
insert into tb_test(col1, col2, col3)
values(1, 2, 4)
ORA-00001: unique constraint (HR.SYS_C0014608) violated
-- And here what we have in our DB_Errors table logged
SQL> select msg
2 from db_errors;
MSG
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORA-02290: check constraint (HR.CHK_CONS) violated
ORA-00001: unique constraint (HR.SYS_C0014608) violated
作为另一个选项(从 10gR2 开始),您可以使用 DML 语句的 log errors
子句。但它会要求您为每个 dml
语句提供 log errors
子句。这是一个例子:
-- create a table for error logging
-- using create_error_log() procedure of dbms_errlog package
-- for a specific table. You could also create your own custom
-- error logging table
begin
dbms_errlog.create_error_log('TB_TEST');
end;
-- unique constraint violation
SQL> insert into tb_test(col1, col2, col3)
2 values(1, 2, 3)
3 log errors reject limit unlimited
4 ;
0 rows inserted
SQL> select ora_err_mesg$
2 from err$_tb_test t
3 ;
ORA_ERR_MESG$
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORA-00001: unique constraint (HR.SYS_C0014608) violated
关于oracle - 审计 Oracle 约束违规?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18854847/