SQL 语句 - 查询一组具有最近日期的记录

标签 sql oracle oracle9i

我正在 Oracle 9 数据库中编写一个 View ，但我被难住了。我要解决的是:A_WPD_ADDRESS_HISTORY 包含一个名为 WPD_PLAN_CHECK_S 的 FK，并且此 View 包含此 FK 的多个地址。我正在尝试获取每个 WPD_PLAN_CHECK_S (FK) 的最新地址。您将使用 FIRST_INSERTED 列，这是该行首次插入的日期/时间，并在其上调用聚合函数 MAX()，但目前我只知道这些，因此我很困惑。

下面是我认为理解这个问题需要的两个主要观点。对于我目前正在尝试解决的问题，其他表/ View 与此问题无关。

下方:我正在尝试检索最近地址记录的主视图。

SELECT
  awa.wpd_address_history_s,
  wpc.wpd_plan_check_s,
  wpc.pcis_display,
  awa.street_num,
  awa.street_frac,
  awa.street_prefix,
  awa.street_name,
  awa.street_type_l_s,
  awa.street_suffix,
  awa.street_unit_l_s,
  awa.street_unit_num,
  awa.cross_streets,
  awa.city,
  awa.state,
  awa.state_l_s,
  awa.zip,
  awa.zip_ext,
  awa.zip_with_ext,
  wf.ind_id,
  wpc.wpd_status_l_s,
  wsl.wpd_status_desc,
  awa.location as LOCATION, 
  wc.contact_name     
FROM
  wpd_plan_check wpc
  LEFT OUTER JOIN a_wpd_address_history awa ON wpc.wpd_plan_check_s = awa.wpd_plan_check_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN wpd_contact  wc   ON wpc.wpd_plan_check_s = wc.wpd_plan_check_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN wpd_facility wf   ON wpc.wpd_plan_check_s = wf.wpd_plan_check_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN wpd_status_l wsl  ON wpc.wpd_status_l_s = wsl.wpd_status_l_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN street_type_l stl ON awa.street_type_l_s = stl.street_type_l_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN street_unit_l sul ON awa.street_unit_l_s = sul.street_unit_l_s

--

下方:我从中提取的地址历史记录 View 

   CREATE OR REPLACE FORCE VIEW a_wpd_address_history (wpd_address_history_s,
                                                        wpd_plan_check_s,
                                                        street_num,
                                                        street_frac,
                                                        street_prefix,
                                                        street_name,
                                                        street_type_l_s,
                                                        street_suffix,
                                                        street_unit_l_s,
                                                        street_unit_num,
                                                        cross_streets,
                                                        city,
                                                        state_l_s,
                                                        state,
                                                        zip,
                                                        zip_ext,
                                                        zip_with_ext,
                                                        LOCATION,
                                                        apn_num,
                                                        river_desc,
                                                        first_inserted
                                                       )
    AS
       SELECT DISTINCT a.wpd_address_history_s, a.wpd_plan_check_s, a.street_num,
                       a.street_frac, a.street_prefix, a.street_name,
                       a.street_type_l_s, a.street_suffix, a.street_unit_l_s,
                       a.street_unit_num, a.cross_streets, a.city, a.state_l_s,
                       s.state, a.zip, a.zip_ext,
                          a.zip
                       || NVL2 (a.zip_ext, '-' || a.zip_ext, '') AS zip_with_ext,
                          LTRIM (a.street_num || ' ')
                       || LTRIM (NVL (a.street_frac, ' ') || ' ')
                       || LTRIM (NVL (a.street_prefix, ' ') || ' ')
                       || LTRIM (NVL (a.street_name, ' ') || ' ')
                       || LTRIM (NVL (stl.street_type_desc, ' ') || ' ')
                       || LTRIM (NVL (a.street_suffix, ' ') || ' ') AS LOCATION,
                       a.apn_num, r.river_desc, first_inserted
                  FROM wpd_address_history a LEFT OUTER JOIN street_type_l stl
                       ON a.street_type_l_s = stl.street_type_l_s
                       LEFT OUTER JOIN street_unit_l sul
                       ON a.street_unit_l_s = sul.street_unit_l_s
                       LEFT OUTER JOIN state_l s ON a.state_l_s = s.state_l_s
                       LEFT OUTER JOIN river_l r ON a.river_l_s = r.river_l_s

最佳答案

最常见的解决方案是这样的

SELECT
  awa.wpd_address_history_s,
  wpc.wpd_plan_check_s,
  wpc.pcis_display,
  awa.street_num,
  awa.street_frac,
  awa.street_prefix,
  awa.street_name,
  awa.street_type_l_s,
  awa.street_suffix,
  awa.street_unit_l_s,
  awa.street_unit_num,
  awa.cross_streets,
  awa.city,
  awa.state,
  awa.state_l_s,
  awa.zip,
  awa.zip_ext,
  awa.zip_with_ext,
  wf.ind_id,
  wpc.wpd_status_l_s,
  wsl.wpd_status_desc,
  awa.location as LOCATION, 
  wc.contact_name     
FROM
  wpd_plan_check wpc
  LEFT OUTER JOIN a_wpd_address_history awa ON wpc.wpd_plan_check_s = awa.wpd_plan_check_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN wpd_contact  wc   ON wpc.wpd_plan_check_s = wc.wpd_plan_check_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN wpd_facility wf   ON wpc.wpd_plan_check_s = wf.wpd_plan_check_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN wpd_status_l wsl  ON wpc.wpd_status_l_s = wsl.wpd_status_l_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN street_type_l stl ON awa.street_type_l_s = stl.street_type_l_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN street_unit_l sul ON awa.street_unit_l_s = sul.street_unit_l_s
WHERE awa.first_inserted = (SELECT MAX(awa2.first_inserted)
                             FROM a_wpd_address_history awa2
                            WHERE awa.wpd_plan_check_s = awa2.wpd_plan_check_s)

但是，使用分析函数执行此类操作可能效率更高，这样您只需点击一次 View 。

WITH awa AS (
  SELECT awa_inner.*, 
         RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY wpd_plan_check_s ORDER BY first_inserted DESC) rnk
    FROM a_wpd_address_history awa_inner
)
SELECT
  awa.wpd_address_history_s,
  wpc.wpd_plan_check_s,
  wpc.pcis_display,
  awa.street_num,
  awa.street_frac,
  awa.street_prefix,
  awa.street_name,
  awa.street_type_l_s,
  awa.street_suffix,
  awa.street_unit_l_s,
  awa.street_unit_num,
  awa.cross_streets,
  awa.city,
  awa.state,
  awa.state_l_s,
  awa.zip,
  awa.zip_ext,
  awa.zip_with_ext,
  wf.ind_id,
  wpc.wpd_status_l_s,
  wsl.wpd_status_desc,
  awa.location as LOCATION, 
  wc.contact_name     
FROM
  wpd_plan_check wpc
  LEFT OUTER JOIN awa               ON wpc.wpd_plan_check_s = awa.wpd_plan_check_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN wpd_contact  wc   ON wpc.wpd_plan_check_s = wc.wpd_plan_check_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN wpd_facility wf   ON wpc.wpd_plan_check_s = wf.wpd_plan_check_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN wpd_status_l wsl  ON wpc.wpd_status_l_s = wsl.wpd_status_l_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN street_type_l stl ON awa.street_type_l_s = stl.street_type_l_s
  LEFT OUTER JOIN street_unit_l sul ON awa.street_unit_l_s = sul.street_unit_l_s
WHERE awa.rnk = 1

关于SQL 语句 - 查询一组具有最近日期的记录，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4870333/

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