awk - 比较两个文件的列

Question

我有两个文件并尝试根据列比较文件

文件_1

CALL_3  CALL_1
CALL_2  CALL_5
CALL_3  CALL_2
CALL_1  CALL_4

文件_2

CALL_1   GAP:A  GAP:G
CALL_3   GAP:C  GAP:Q  GAP:R 
CALL_5   GAP:R  GAP:A
CALL_4   GAP:C  GAP:D  GAP:A  GAP:W
CALL_2   GAP:C  GAP:R  GAP:A

我只想打印 file_1 中至少有一个 GAP_id 的交互在这两者之间是通用的。

预期输出

CALL_2  CALL_5  GAP:A GAP:R
CALL_3  CALL_2  GAP:C GAP:R
CALL_1  CALL_4  GAP:A

我尝试了以下方法:

awk 'NR==FNR {
a[$1]=($1 OFS $2 OFS $3 OFS $4 OFS $5 OFS $6 OFS $7 OFS $8 OFS $9)
next 
}
($1 in a)&&($2 in a) {
print a[$1],a[$2]
}' File_2 File_1

它适用于固定数量的列。但是 file_2 中的列数不固定(超过 1000 列)。如何得到预期的输出？

Answer 1

能否请您尝试以下。

awk '
FNR==NR{
  val=$1
  $1=""
  $0=$0
  $1=$1
  a[val]=$0
  next
}
{
  val=""
  num1=split(a[$1],array1," ")
  for(i=1;i<=num1;i++){
    array3[array1[i]]
  }
  num2=split(a[$2],array2," ")
  for(i=1;i<=num2;i++){
    array4[array2[i]]
  }
  for(k in array3){
    if(k in array4){
      val=(val?val OFS:"")k
    }
  }
  if(val){
    print $0,val
  }
  val=""
  delete array1
  delete array2
  delete array3
  delete array4
}
'  Input_file2   Input_file1

输出如下。

CALL_2  CALL_5 GAP:A GAP:R
CALL_3  CALL_2 GAP:C GAP:R
CALL_1  CALL_4 GAP:A

---

---

说明:为上述代码添加详细说明。

awk '                                  ##Starting awk program here.
FNR==NR{                               ##Checking condition FNR==NR which will be TRUE for first Input_file is being read.
  val=$1                               ##Creating a variable named val whose value is $1 of current line.
  $1=""                                ##Nullifying $1 here.
  $0=$0                                ##Re-assigning value of current line to itself, so that initial space will be removed.
  $1=$1                                ##Re-assigning value of current line to itself, so that initial space will be removed.
  a[val]=$0                            ##Creating an array named a whose index is val and value is $0.
  next                                 ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
{
  val=""                               ##Nullifying variable val here.
  num1=split(a[$1],array1," ")         ##splitting array a with index $1 to array1 and having its total number in num1.
  for(i=1;i<=num1;i++){                ##Starting a for loop from i=1 till value of num1
    array3[array1[i]]                  ##Creating an array named array3 with index of array1 with index i.
  }
  num2=split(a[$2],array2," ")         ##splitting array a with index $2 to array2 and having its total number in num2.
  for(i=1;i<=num2;i++){                ##Starting a for loop from i=1 till value of num2.
    array4[array2[i]]                  ##Creating an array named array4 with value of array2 with index i.
  }
  for(k in array3){                    ##Traversing through array3 here.
    if(k in array4){                   ##Checking condition if k which is index of  array3 is present in array4 then do following.
      val=(val?val OFS:"")k            ##Creating variable named val whose value is variable k with concatenating its own value each time to it.
    }
  }
  if(val){                             ##Checking condition if variable val is NOT NULL then do following.
    print $0,val                       ##Printing current line and variable val here.
  }
  val=""                               ##Nullifying variable val here.
  delete array1                        ##Deleting array1 here.
  delete array2                        ##Deleting array2 here.
  delete array3                        ##Deleting array3 here.
  delete array4                        ##Deleting array4 here.
}
'  Input_file2  Input_file1            ##Mentioning Input_file names here.