scala - 如何避免 map 连接的奇怪顺序？ (A++B++C ---> BAC)

Question

连接三个 map a、b 和 c，我希望结果与其各自的原始 map 的顺序相同。但是，如下图，结果就像 map 是b，a和c:

  Welcome to Scala version 2.10.0 (Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM, Java 1.6.0_26).
  Type in expressions to have them evaluated.
     Type :help for more information.

  scala> import collection.mutable
  import collection.mutable

  scala> val a = mutable.Map(1->2)
  a: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Int,Int] = Map(1 -> 2)

  scala> val b = mutable.Map(2->2)
  b: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Int,Int] = Map(2 -> 2)

  scala> val c = mutable.Map(3->2)
  c: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Int,Int] = Map(3 -> 2)

  scala> a ++ b ++ c
  res0: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Int,Int] = Map(2 -> 2, 1 -> 2, 3 -> 2)

对于四张 map ，它显示 b、d、a、c。对于两个 b，a。无论原始顺序如何，生成的 map 始终是相同的顺序。

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测试答案:

  Welcome to Scala version 2.10.0 (Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM, Java 1.6.0_26).
  Type in expressions to have them evaluated.
  Type :help for more information.

  scala> import collection.mutable.LinkedHashMap
  import collection.mutable.LinkedHashMap

  scala> val a = LinkedHashMap(1 -> 2)
  a: scala.collection.mutable.LinkedHashMap[Int,Int] = Map(1 -> 2)

  scala> val b = LinkedHashMap(2 -> 2)
  b: scala.collection.mutable.LinkedHashMap[Int,Int] = Map(2 -> 2)

  scala> val c = LinkedHashMap(3 -> 2)
  c: scala.collection.mutable.LinkedHashMap[Int,Int] = Map(3 -> 2)

  scala> a ++ b ++ c
  res0: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Int,Int] = Map(1 -> 2, 2 -> 2, 3 -> 2)

Answer 1

Scala 的 Map(与 Java 类似)没有定义的迭代顺序。如果您需要维护广告订单，可以使用 ListMap (不可变)或 LinkedHashMap (不是):

scala> import collection.mutable.LinkedHashMap
import collection.mutable.LinkedHashMap

scala> val a = LinkedHashMap(1 -> 2)
a: scala.collection.mutable.LinkedHashMap[Int,Int] = Map(1 -> 2)

scala> a += (2 -> 2)
res0: a.type = Map(1 -> 2, 2 -> 2)

scala> a += (3 -> 2)
res1: a.type = Map(1 -> 2, 2 -> 2, 3 -> 2)

scala> a
res2: scala.collection.mutable.LinkedHashMap[Int,Int] = Map(1 -> 2, 2 -> 2, 3 -> 2)

但一般来说，如果您关心元素的顺序，那么使用不同的数据结构可能会更好。