r - data.table:一步一步进行分组，总和，命名新列和切片列

Question

这似乎很容易，但是我一直无法弄清楚该怎么做。使用data.table我想用另一列C对一列A求和，而仅保留这两列。同时，我希望能够命名新列。我的尝试和期望的输出：

library(data.table)
dt <- data.table(A= c('a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'c'), B=c('19', '20', '21', '22', '23'),
C=c(150,250,20,220,130))

# Desired Output - is there a way to do this in one step using data.table? #
new.data <- dt[, sum(C), by=A]
setnames(new.data,'V1', 'C.total')
new.data
   A C.total
1: a     150
2: b     270
3: c     350

# Attempt 1: Problem is that columns B and C kept, extra rows kept #
new.data <- dt[, 'C.total' := sum(C), by=A]
new.data
   A  B   C C.total
1: a 19 150     150
2: b 20 250     270
3: b 21  20     270
4: c 22 220     350
5: c 23 130     350

# Attempt 2: Problem is that new column not named #
new.data <- dt[, sum(C), by=A]
new.data
   A  V1
1: a 150
2: b 270
3: c 350

Answer 1

使用list（或.）：

> dt[, list(C.total = sum(C)), by=A]
   A C.total
1: a     150
2: b     270
3: c     350