Spring Autowire 失败，找不到类型的合格 bean 依赖错误

Question

这是我的场景。我的项目正在使用 Spring (3.2.3.RELEASE)、Struts2 (2.3.14.3) 和 JPA (2.0)。我们有一个包含各种实体和公共(public)类的项目(我们称之为项目 A)。我们使用项目 A 生成一个 .jar 文件，以便其他项目可以使用这些类。在项目 A 中，我们使用了 Spring 原型(prototype):@Component。 @Service 或 @Repository 用于我们希望 Spring 注入(inject)的那些类。每当我们尝试从 jar 中注入(inject) bean 时，都会收到类似于以下内容的错误:

1. No qualifying bean of type [com.ceiwc.bc.commonsql.service.CommonSQLService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

2. Could not autowire field: private com.ceiwc.bc.commonsql.service.CommonSQLService com.ceiwc.ma.mvc.action.LoginAction.commonSQLService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.ceiwc.bc.commonsql.service.CommonSQLService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

3. Error creating bean with name 'com.ceiwc.ma.mvc.action.LoginAction': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.ceiwc.bc.commonsql.service.CommonSQLService com.ceiwc.ma.mvc.action.LoginAction.commonSQLService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.ceiwc.bc.commonsql.service.CommonSQLService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

4. Unable to instantiate Action, com.ceiwc.ma.mvc.action.LoginAction, defined for 'doLogin' in namespace '/Login'Error creating bean with name 'com.ceiwc.ma.mvc.action.LoginAction': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.ceiwc.bc.commonsql.service.CommonSQLService com.ceiwc.ma.mvc.action.LoginAction.commonSQLService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.ceiwc.bc.commonsql.service.CommonSQLService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

我们正在为 Spring 使用 Java 配置。这是我们的配置类:

package com.zzz.bc.config;

@Configuration
@ImportResource({"/WEB-INF/spring/spring-config.xml"})
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.zzz")
public class ApplicationConfig {
    @Bean
    public JavaMailSender mailSender() {
        JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
        mailSender.setHost(${app.mail.host});
        return mailSender;
    }
}

package com.zzz.bc.config;

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@Import(ApplicationConfig.class)
@PropertySource({"classpath:db.properties"})
public class DataConfig {

    @Autowired
    Environment environment;

    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactoryBean().getObject());
        return transactionManager;
    }

    @Bean
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryBean() {
        String[] packagesToScan =
                {environment.getProperty("db.packagesToScan1"), environment.getProperty("db.packagesToScan2")};

        Map<String, Object> jpaProperties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        jpaProperties.put("eclipselink.weaving", "false");

        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryBean = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        entityManagerFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource());
        entityManagerFactoryBean.setPackagesToScan(packagesToScan);
        entityManagerFactoryBean.setLoadTimeWeaver(new InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver());
        entityManagerFactoryBean.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter());
        entityManagerFactoryBean.setJpaPropertyMap(jpaProperties);

        return entityManagerFactoryBean;
    }

    @Bean
    public DriverManagerDataSource dataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(environment.getProperty("db.driver"));
        dataSource.setUrl(environment.getProperty("db.url"));
        dataSource.setUsername(environment.getProperty("db.username"));
        dataSource.setPassword(environment.getProperty("db.password"));
        return dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public JpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter() {
        EclipseLinkJpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new EclipseLinkJpaVendorAdapter();
        vendorAdapter.setDatabase(Database.ORACLE);
        vendorAdapter.setShowSql(true);
        return vendorAdapter;
    }

    @Bean
    public PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor exceptionTranslation() {
        return new PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor();
    }
}

我们将@ComponentScan 设置为检查com.zzz 包中的bean。在项目 B 中，我们有一个 Struts2 Action，我们想从项目 A 中注入(inject)一个 bean。这是来自项目 B 的类的片段:

@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
@Service("CommonSQLService")
public class CommonSQLServiceImpl implements CommonSQLService {

    @Autowired
    CommonSQLDao cdao;

    @Override
    public Policy getPolicyById(String policyNo) {
        return cdao.getPolicyById(policyNo);
    }

    @Override
    public Policy getPolicy(Policy parmRec) {
        return cdao.getPolicy(parmRec);
    }

    @Override
    public ArrayList<Policy> getPolicies(String policyNo) {
        return cdao.getPolicies(policyNo);
    }
    @Override
     public List<Policy> getPolicies(Policy parmRec){
        return cdao.getPolicies(parmRec);
    }
}

这是我们的操作(删除了 getter/setter):

package com.zzz.ma.mvc.action;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@Component
@Scope("prototype")
@Namespace("/Login")
public class LoginAction extends ActionParent {
    @Autowired
    private IUserService userService; //Contained in project B

    @Autowired
    private CommonSQLService commonSQLService; //What's autowired from project A

    private User user;
    private String updateFlag;
    private Integer parentMenuId;
    private IwifWebNavmenuItem record;

    public static final String LOGIN_STR = "login";

    @Action(value = "doLogin", results = { @Result(name = "success", location = "/pages/login.jsp") })
    public String login() {
        updateFlag = "Y";
        return SUCCESS;
    }

    @Action(value = "validate", results = {
            @Result(name = "success", location = "/BrowseOptions/showOptions", type = "redirect"),
            @Result(name = "login", location = "/pages/login.jsp") })
    public String validateUser() {
        if (updateFlag == null) {
            session.remove(LOGIN_STR);
            return LOGIN;
        }

        if (userService.validateUser(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword()) == null) {
            addActionError(getText("invalid.user"));
            return LOGIN;
        }

        session.put(LOGIN_STR, user.getUsername());

        return SUCCESS;
    }

    @Action(value = "logout", results = { @Result(name = "success", location = "/pages/login.jsp") })
    public String logout() {
        updateFlag = StringUtils.EMPTY;
        session.invalidate();

        return SUCCESS;
    }
}

每当我们尝试执行此 Autowiring 时，都会收到类似于上面列出的错误。我们缺少什么？不能 Autowiring 带有 Spring Stereotypes 的 jar 文件中包含的类吗？

提前感谢您的帮助!

Answer 1

更改@Service("CommonSQLService")至@Service("commonSQLService")或者您可以使用 @Service如果您没有实现 CommonSQLService其他任何地方的接口(interface)。