json - Scala - Spark - 如何将包含一个字符串列的数据帧转换为具有 rigth 类型的列的 DF？

Question

我目前面临一个我无法解决的问题。
我正在使用 Spark 1.6。

我有一个文本数据框，其中一列包含一个带有很多字段的字符串 JSON。
根据我从正确的 Json 推断出的一些模式，必须将某些字段推断为 String ，其他字段为 Array ，有些字段为 Long :

 {"eventid":"3bc1c5d2-c10f-48d6-8b35-05db8665415c","email":"test@test.com","prices_vat":["20295930","20295930"]}

我只设法将它转换为带有字段字符串列的 df。
我无法将其转换为正确的类型。

想要的模式在 df_schema 中。
“值”列包含我需要解析的字符串 JSON。
这是我的代码:

     var b = sqlContext.createDataFrame(df_txt.rdd,df_schema)
     val z= {
     b.select( b.columns.map(c => get_json_object(b("value"), s"$$.$c").alias(c)): _*)
     }
    var c = sqlContext.createDataFrame(z.rdd,df_schema)
    c.show(1)

我最终遇到了这个异常，因为“prices_vat”字段中的数组被理解为字符串，而不是像 df_schema 那样的数组:

   org.apache.spark.SparkException: Job aborted due to stage failure: Task 0 in stage 38.0 failed 1 times, most recent failure: Lost task 0.0 in stage 38.0 (TID 32, localhost): scala.MatchError: ["20295930","20295930"] (of class java.lang.String)
at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.CatalystTypeConverters$ArrayConverter.toCatalystImpl(CatalystTypeConverters.scala:159)
at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.CatalystTypeConverters$ArrayConverter.toCatalystImpl(CatalystTypeConverters.scala:153)
at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.CatalystTypeConverters$CatalystTypeConverter.toCatalyst(CatalystTypeConverters.scala:102)
at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.CatalystTypeConverters$StructConverter.toCatalystImpl(CatalystTypeConverters.scala:260)
at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.CatalystTypeConverters$StructConverter.toCatalystImpl(CatalystTypeConverters.scala:250)
at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.CatalystTypeConverters$CatalystTypeConverter.toCatalyst(CatalystTypeConverters.scala:102)
at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.CatalystTypeConverters$$anonfun$createToCatalystConverter$2.apply(CatalystTypeConverters.scala:401)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SQLContext$$anonfun$6.apply(SQLContext.scala:492)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SQLContext$$anonfun$6.apply(SQLContext.scala:492)
at scala.collection.Iterator$$anon$11.next(Iterator.scala:328)
at scala.collection.Iterator$$anon$11.next(Iterator.scala:328)
at scala.collection.Iterator$$anon$10.next(Iterator.scala:312)
at scala.collection.Iterator$class.foreach(Iterator.scala:727)
at scala.collection.AbstractIterator.foreach(Iterator.scala:1157)
at scala.collection.generic.Growable$class.$plus$plus$eq(Growable.scala:48)
at scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer.$plus$plus$eq(ArrayBuffer.scala:103)
at scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer.$plus$plus$eq(ArrayBuffer.scala:47)
at scala.collection.TraversableOnce$class.to(TraversableOnce.scala:273)
at scala.collection.AbstractIterator.to(Iterator.scala:1157)
at scala.collection.TraversableOnce$class.toBuffer(TraversableOnce.scala:265)
at scala.collection.AbstractIterator.toBuffer(Iterator.scala:1157)
at scala.collection.TraversableOnce$class.toArray(TraversableOnce.scala:252)
at scala.collection.AbstractIterator.toArray(Iterator.scala:1157)
at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SparkPlan$$anonfun$5.apply(SparkPlan.scala:212)
at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SparkPlan$$anonfun$5.apply(SparkPlan.scala:212)
at org.apache.spark.SparkContext$$anonfun$runJob$5.apply(SparkContext.scala:1858)
at org.apache.spark.SparkContext$$anonfun$runJob$5.apply(SparkContext.scala:1858)
at org.apache.spark.scheduler.ResultTask.runTask(ResultTask.scala:66)
at org.apache.spark.scheduler.Task.run(Task.scala:89)
at org.apache.spark.executor.Executor$TaskRunner.run(Executor.scala:213)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)

请帮我 !

Answer 1

幸运的是 Spark 有一些内置的功能来处理 JSON 数据:

scala> val jsonRDD = sc.parallelize(
     |      """{"eventid":"3bc1c5d2-c10f-48d6-8b35-05db8665415c","email":"test@test.com","prices_vat":["20295930","20295930"]}""" :: Nil)
jsonRDD: org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD[String] = ParallelCollectionRDD[8] at parallelize at <console>:27

scala> val df = sqlContext.read.json(jsonRDD)
df: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [email: string, eventid: string, prices_vat: array<string>]

scala> df.show
+-------------+--------------------+--------------------+
|        email|             eventid|          prices_vat|
+-------------+--------------------+--------------------+
|test@test.com|3bc1c5d2-c10f-48d...|[20295930, 20295930]|
+-------------+--------------------+--------------------+


scala> df.printSchema
root
 |-- email: string (nullable = true)
 |-- eventid: string (nullable = true)
 |-- prices_vat: array (nullable = true)
 |    |-- element: string (containsNull = true)

另请注意，如果您希望 Spark 识别 prices_vat 中的那些数字字段，它们应相应地格式化:

scala> val jsonRDD2 = sc.parallelize(
     |      """{"eventid":"3bc1c5d2-c10f-48d6-8b35-05db8665415c","email":"test@test.com","prices_vat":[20295930,20295930]}""" :: Nil)
jsonRDD2: org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD[String] = ParallelCollectionRDD[18] at parallelize at <console>:27

scala> val df2 = sqlContext.read.json(jsonRDD2)
df2: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [email: string, eventid: string, prices_vat: array<bigint>]

scala> df2.show
+-------------+--------------------+--------------------+
|        email|             eventid|          prices_vat|
+-------------+--------------------+--------------------+
|test@test.com|3bc1c5d2-c10f-48d...|[20295930, 20295930]|
+-------------+--------------------+--------------------+


scala> df2.printSchema
root
 |-- email: string (nullable = true)
 |-- eventid: string (nullable = true)
 |-- prices_vat: array (nullable = true)
 |    |-- element: long (containsNull = true)

如果您在 DataFrame 中有 json你已经可以做这样的事情:

scala> import org.apache.spark.sql.Row
import org.apache.spark.sql.Row

scala> val df = sc.parallelize(
     |      """{"eventid":"3bc1c5d2-c10f-48d6-8b35-05db8665415c","email":"test@test.com","prices_vat":[20295930,20295930]}""" :: Nil).toDF("json")
df: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [json: string]

scala> df.show
+--------------------+
|                json|
+--------------------+
|{"eventid":"3bc1c...|
+--------------------+


scala> val rdd = df.rdd.map{case Row(json: String) => json}
rdd: org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD[String] = MapPartitionsRDD[43] at map at <console>:30

scala> val outDF = sqlContext.read.json(rdd)
outDF: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [email: string, eventid: string, prices_vat: array<bigint>]

scala> outDF.show
+-------------+--------------------+--------------------+
|        email|             eventid|          prices_vat|
+-------------+--------------------+--------------------+
|test@test.com|3bc1c5d2-c10f-48d...|[20295930, 20295930]|
+-------------+--------------------+--------------------+