我正在开发一个与 BLE 设备通信的应用程序，目前我正在尝试
创建一个以该应用程序启动并自动连接到 TI 的 CC2541
keyfob 的服务。
问题是关贸总协定服务器似乎每次都失败....
我不知道我的代码有什么问题，因为通过谷歌 API 和我看到的一些教程
似乎所有的部分都在他们的地方，但仍然没有任何作用...... =(
这是我的服务 -
package com.example.bluetoothgatt;
import java.util.UUID;
import android.app.Service;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
public class BLE extends Service implements BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback {
private final IBinder mBinder = new BluetoothLeBinder();
private final static String TAG = "BLE";
private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "Keyfobdemo";
private BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager;
public BluetoothGatt mConnectedGatt;
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
private BluetoothDevice mDevice;
private String mDeviceAddress;
private int mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
private static final int STATE_DISCONNECTED = 0;
private static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 1;
private static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 2;
/*******************************
*******************************
****** Service Inherited ****** Methods **********
*******************************/
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
mBluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
mBluetoothAdapter = mBluetoothManager.getAdapter();
Thread discoverDevices = new Thread(mStartRunnable);
discoverDevices.setPriority(discoverDevices.MAX_PRIORITY);
discoverDevices.start();
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
}
@Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
close();
return super.onUnbind(intent);
}
// Implements callback methods for GATT events that the app cares about.
// For example, connection change and services discovered.
private final BluetoothGattExecutor mExecutor = new BluetoothGattExecutor() {
@Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status,
int newState) {
super.onConnectionStateChange(gatt, status, newState);
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
mConnectedGatt = gatt;
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
}
}
@Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status);
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
}
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status);
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
}
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);
}
};
/**
* Return a reference for the current class
*/
public class BluetoothLeBinder extends Binder {
BLE getService() {
return BLE.this;
}
}
private Runnable mStartRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
startScan();
}
};
private void startScan() {
if (mConnectionState == STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(this);
mHandler.postDelayed(mStopRunnable, 2500);
}
}
private Runnable mStopRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
stopScan();
}
};
private void stopScan() {
mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(this);
}
@Override
public void onLeScan(BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {
/*
* We are looking for SensorTag devices only, so validate the name that
* each device reports before adding it to our collection
*/
if (DEVICE_NAME.equals(device.getName())) {
mDevice = device;
mDeviceAddress = mDevice.getAddress();
connect(mDeviceAddress);
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTING;
if(device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
} else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING) {
} else if(device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {
connect(device.getAddress());
}
}
}
/**
* Connects to the GATT server hosted on the Bluetooth LE device.
*
* @param address
* The device address of the destination device.
*
* @return Return true if the connection is initiated successfully. The
* connection result is reported asynchronously through the
* {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)}
* callback.
*/
public boolean connect(final String address) {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || address == null) {
Log.w(TAG,
"BluetoothAdapter not initialized or unspecified address.");
return false;
}
// Previously connected device. Try to reconnect.
if (mDeviceAddress != null && address.equals(mDeviceAddress)
&& mConnectedGatt != null) {
Log.d(TAG,
"Trying to use an existing BluetoothGatt for connection.");
if (mConnectedGatt.connect()) {
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTING;
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
final BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter
.getRemoteDevice(address);
if (device == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "Device not found. Unable to connect.");
return false;
}
// We want to directly connect to the device, so we are setting the
// autoConnect
// parameter to false.
mConnectedGatt = device.connectGatt(this, false, mExecutor);
Log.d(TAG, "Trying to create a new connection.");
mDeviceAddress = address;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTING;
return true;
}
/**
* Disconnects an existing connection or cancel a pending connection. The
* disconnection result is reported asynchronously through the
* BluetoothGattCallback >>
* onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)
* callback.
*/
public void disconnect() {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mConnectedGatt == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized");
return;
}
mConnectedGatt.disconnect();
}
/**
* After using a given BLE device, the app must call this method to ensure
* resources are released properly.
*/
public void close() {
if (mConnectedGatt == null) {
return;
}
mConnectedGatt.close();
mConnectedGatt = null;
}
private final UUID IMMEDIATE_ALERT_UUID = UUID
.fromString("00001802-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
private final UUID ALERT_LEVEL_UUID = UUID
.fromString("00002a06-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
public void Buzz(BluetoothGatt gatt, int level) {
BluetoothGattService alertService = gatt
.getService(IMMEDIATE_ALERT_UUID);
if (alertService == null) {
Log.d(TAG, "Immediate Alert service not found!");
return;
}
BluetoothGattCharacteristic alertLevel = alertService
.getCharacteristic(ALERT_LEVEL_UUID);
if (alertLevel == null) {
Log.d(TAG, "Alert Level charateristic not found!");
return;
}
alertLevel.setValue(level, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT8, 0);
gatt.writeCharacteristic(alertLevel);
Log.d(TAG, "Alert");
}
private final UUID BATTERY_SERVICE_UUID = UUID
.fromString("0000180F-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
private final UUID BATTERY_LEVEL_UUID = UUID
.fromString("00002a19-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
public int getbattery(BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt) {
BluetoothGattService batteryService = mConnectedGatt
.getService(BATTERY_SERVICE_UUID);
if (batteryService == null) {
Log.d(TAG, "Battery service not found!");
return 0;
}
BluetoothGattCharacteristic batteryLevel = batteryService
.getCharacteristic(BATTERY_LEVEL_UUID);
if (batteryLevel == null) {
Log.d(TAG, "Battery level not found!");
return 0;
}
mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(batteryLevel);
return batteryLevel.getIntValue(
BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_SINT8, 0);
}
/*
* We have a Handler to process event results on the main thread
*/
private static final int MSG_PROGRESS = 201;
private static final int MSG_DISMISS = 202;
private static final int MSG_CLEAR = 301;
private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic;
switch (msg.what) {
case MSG_PROGRESS:
break;
case MSG_DISMISS:
break;
case MSG_CLEAR:
break;
}
}
};
public void MakeBuzz() {
Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
mConnectedGatt = mDevice.connectGatt(getApplicationContext(),
true, mExecutor);
BluetoothGattService alertService = mConnectedGatt
.getService(IMMEDIATE_ALERT_UUID);
int x = getbattery(mConnectedGatt);
Buzz(mConnectedGatt, 2);
}
});
t.start();
}
}
这是应用程序类 -
package com.example.bluetoothgatt;
import android.app.Application;
import android.content.Intent;
public class ApplicationBleTest extends Application {
// Application variables
public final String SMOKE_TALK_PACKAGE_NAME = "com.smoketalk";
private BluetoothLEService mBleService;
private static int MODE_PRIVATE;
/**
* Application OnCreate event initiate the class parameters
*/
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
getApplicationContext().startService(new Intent(this, BLE.class));
}
}
这是主要事件(我试图让 key 扣警报在单击按钮时发出嗡嗡声)
package com.example.bluetoothgatt;
import com.example.bluetoothgatt.BluetoothLowEnergyService.BluetoothLeBinder;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
/**
* Created by Dave Smith Double Encore, Inc. MainActivity
*/
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
BluetoothLowEnergyService mBluetoothService;
boolean isBound = false;
Button buzz;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent = new Intent(this, BluetoothLowEnergyService.class);
bindService(intent, mBleServiceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
buzz = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn1);
buzz.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mBluetoothService.MakeBuzz();
}
});
}
private ServiceConnection mBleServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
BluetoothLeBinder binder = (BluetoothLeBinder) service;
mBluetoothService = binder.getService();
isBound = true;
}
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
isBound = false;
}
};
}
还有 list 文件 -
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.bluetoothgatt"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le"
android:required="true" />
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="18"
android:targetSdkVersion="18" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED"/>
<application
android:name="com.example.bluetoothgatt.ApplicationBleTest"
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="SensorTag Weather" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:name="com.example.bluetoothgatt.BLE" />
</application>
</manifest>
最后一个是主要事件的布局 -
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:padding="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:text="Android BLE Test"
android:textSize="42sp" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginTop="56dp"
android:text="Buzz" />
</RelativeLayout>
任何帮助将不胜感激，因为我不知道出了什么问题... =(
最佳答案
对于初学者，我建议注释掉绑定(bind)代码(onLeScan 方法中 if(device.getBondState().. 之后的所有内容)整个绑定(bind)过程在 4.3 上不稳定(至少是 Nexus 设备)并且4.4. 您应该能够发现设备，并且使用 BluetoothDevice 用户选择您应该在停止发现后调用 ConnectGatt。这将尝试连接到设备上的 Gatt 服务器。如果连接成功，您应该会在 connectionStateChange 上收到一个回调，指示连接成功。
绑定(bind)背后的概念与设备配对和交换 key 有关(如果您的特征已加密)。通常您应该能够连接到 Gatt 服务器而无需绑定(bind)，但是一旦连接，如果您尝试读取加密特征，它将失败。
关于android-service - 自动连接到 BLE 设备，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21916775/