scala - 在 Scala 中定义期间自引用 val

Question

这是我在 Scala 中发现的东西，它有效，但我不知道为什么，谁能解释一下为什么有效？

基本上我可以在定义它的同时使用对 val 的引用(因为我的其他对象/actor 将它作为参数)

val backbone: ActorRef = context.actorOf(
  F_BackBone.props(
    context.actorOf(F_PictureHandler.props(backbone)), 
    context.actorOf(F_UserHandler.props(backbone)), 
    context.actorOf(F_PageProfileHandler.props(backbone))
  )
)

如果我没有明确定义类型，我会得到一个编译器错误，这是有道理的。

Answer 1

请注意，在这种特定情况下，尽管代码可以编译，但它不会正确运行，因为正如其他答案的评论中所建议的，backbone 的值传递给其他 Actor 的是“空”。

此示例演示了这一点:

import akka.actor.{Props, Actor, ActorRef, ActorSystem}

class SenderReceiver(sendTo:ActorRef) extends Actor{

  override def preStart(): Unit = {
    self ! "Start"
  }

  def receive = {
    case "Start" => sendTo ! "Hello"
    case "Hello" => println("Received Hello")
  }
}

object SenderReceiver {
  def props(sendTo:ActorRef):Props = Props(new SenderReceiver(sendTo))
}

object Example extends App {

  val system = ActorSystem()

  val actor: ActorRef = system.actorOf(SenderReceiver.props(actor))
  system.awaitTermination()
}

这会产生以下结果(重复，因为主管策略试图重新启动actor):

[info] [ERROR] [12/01/2015 09:47:04.543] [default-akka.actor.default-dispatcher-9] [akka://default/user/$a] null
[info] java.lang.NullPointerException
[info]  at SenderReceiver$$anonfun$receive$1.applyOrElse(example.scala:10)
[info]  at akka.actor.Actor$class.aroundReceive(Actor.scala:467)
[info]  at SenderReceiver.aroundReceive(example.scala:3)
[info]  at akka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage(ActorCell.scala:516)
[info]  at akka.actor.ActorCell.invoke(ActorCell.scala:487)
[info]  at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.processMailbox(Mailbox.scala:238)
[info]  at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.run(Mailbox.scala:220)
[info]  at akka.dispatch.ForkJoinExecutorConfigurator$AkkaForkJoinTask.exec(AbstractDispatcher.scala:397)
[info]  at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:260)
[info]  at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1339)
[info]  at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1979)
[info]  at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:107)