我有一个像这样的非常简单的 Activity :
public class SurvivalActivity extends Activity {
private static final String KEY_LAYOUT_ID = "SurvivalLayoutId";
int mLayoutId;
private static final int[] mSurvivalLayouts = {
R.layout.survival1,
R.layout.survival2,
R.layout.survival3,
};
@Override
public void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
final Intent i = getIntent();
if (savedInstanceState != null && savedInstanceState.containsKey(KEY_LAYOUT_ID)) {
mLayoutId = savedInstanceState.getInt(KEY_LAYOUT_ID, 0);
} else if (i != null) {
mLayoutId = i.getIntExtra(KEY_LAYOUT_ID, 0);
} else {
mLayoutId = 0;
}
// Layout
setContentView(mSurvivalLayouts[mLayoutId]);
// Title
Util.setTitleFont(this, findViewById(R.id.title));
// "Next" button
final View nextButton = findViewById(R.id.survival_next);
Util.setFont(this, nextButton, "Lobster.ttf");
nextButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(final View v) {
final Intent next = new Intent(SurvivalActivity.this, SurvivalActivity.class);
next.putExtra(KEY_LAYOUT_ID, (mLayoutId + 1) % mSurvivalLayouts.length);
startActivity(next);
finish();
}
});
}
@Override
protected void onSaveInstanceState(final Bundle outState) {
outState.putInt(KEY_LAYOUT_ID, mLayoutId);
}
}
两个 Util.* 静态方法只是改变 TextView 的字体。
所有 3 种布局都相当简单，让我向您展示第一种:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
style="@style/Title"
android:text="@string/surv1_title" />
<TextView
style="@style/Content"
android:text="@string/surv1_1" />
<ImageView
style="@style/Picture"
android:src="@drawable/surv_crafting" />
<TextView
style="@style/PicLegend"
android:src="@string/surv_crafting_leg" />
<ImageView
style="@style/Picture"
android:src="@drawable/surv_hache" />
<TextView
style="@style/PicLegend"
android:src="@string/surv_hache_leg" />
<ImageView
style="@style/Picture"
android:src="@drawable/surv_pioche" />
<TextView
style="@style/PicLegend"
android:src="@string/surv_pioche_leg" />
<TextView
style="@style/Content"
android:text="@string/surv1_2" />
<ImageView
style="@style/Picture"
android:src="@drawable/surv_charbon" />
<TextView
style="@style/PicLegend"
android:src="@string/surv_charbon_leg" />
<TextView
style="@style/Content"
android:text="@string/surv1_3" />
<ImageView
style="@style/Picture"
android:src="@drawable/surv_torch" />
<TextView
style="@style/PicLegend"
android:src="@string/surv_torch_leg" />
<TextView
style="@style/Content"
android:text="@string/surv1_4" />
<ImageView
style="@style/Picture"
android:src="@drawable/surv_abri" />
<TextView
style="@style/PicLegend"
android:src="@string/surv_abri_leg" />
<TextView
style="@style/Content"
android:text="@string/surv1_5" />
<Button
style="@style/SurvivalBoxNext"
android:text="@string/surv1_next" />
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
如您所见，它只是几个带有 ImageView 的 TextView，以及一个触发下一个 Activity 加载的 Button。
我启动应用程序，它显示第一个屏幕。我向下滚动到按钮，单击，显示第二个屏幕(打嗝)。我向下滚动到按钮，点击，然后砰的一声。
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{net.bicou.myapp/net.bicou.myapp.SurvivalActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #72: Error inflating class <unknown>
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1955)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1980)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$600(ActivityThread.java:122)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1146)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4340)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:784)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:551)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #72: Error inflating class <unknown>
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:606)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:653)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:678)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:739)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:742)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:489)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:352)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:251)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1835)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at net.bicou.myapp.SurvivalActivity.onCreate(SurvivalActivity.java:34)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:4465)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1049)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1919)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): ... 11 more
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:417)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:586)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): ... 25 more
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:605)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:551)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.graphics.Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(Bitmap.java:437)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.finishDecode(BitmapFactory.java:524)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:499)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:351)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:773)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1937)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.widget.ImageView.<init>(ImageView.java:119)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): at android.widget.ImageView.<init>(ImageView.java:109)
03-02 16:36:46.488 E/AndroidRuntime(10611): ... 28 more
03-02 16:36:46.520 W/ActivityManager( 211): Force finishing activity net.bicou.myapp/.SurvivalActivity
我不明白:
- 为什么之前的activity没有释放出来腾出一些空间
- 为什么我的应用占用了这么多堆(
将堆( fragment 情况)增加到 60.869MB 以分配 3600016 字节) - 如何连续显示 3 个 Activity ，每个 Activity 包含大约 10 个
TextView和 10 个ImageView - 如果我做错了什么，因为我看不出我的代码有什么问题，但显然有问题。
谢谢。
编辑:第一个 Activity 的图片尺寸:
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 167197 29 fév 16:42 surv_abri.jpg 600x377 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 24658 29 fév 16:42 surv_charbon.png 559x277 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 5285 29 fév 16:42 surv_crafting.png 214x121 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 4190 29 fév 16:42 surv_hache.png 214x121 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 3809 29 fév 16:42 surv_pioche.png 214x121 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 2252 29 fév 16:42 surv_torch.png 215x121 px
第二个 Activity :
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 3371 29 fév 16:42 surv_four.png 204x112 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 5059 29 fév 16:42 surv_glass.png 215x122 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 3176 29 fév 16:42 surv_malle.png 204x112 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 2676 29 fév 16:42 surv_pelle.png 204x112 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 167166 29 fév 16:42 surv_repere.png 528x331 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 134706 29 fév 16:42 surv_sand.jpg 854x480 px
第三个 Activity (崩溃):
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 58919 29 fév 16:42 surv_1.jpg 600x377 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 51144 29 fév 16:42 surv_2.jpg 600x377 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 46917 29 fév 16:42 surv_3.jpg 600x377 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 53226 29 fév 16:42 surv_4.jpg 600x377 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 37787 29 fév 16:42 surv_5.jpg 600x377 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 31050 29 fév 16:42 surv_6.jpg 600x377 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 38389 29 fév 16:42 surv_7.jpg 600x377 px
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 44471 29 fév 16:42 surv_8.jpg 600x377 px
和窗口背景:
-rw-r--r-- 1 bicou staff 30857 29 fév 16:42 background_img.png
编辑:
好的——我尝试直接从代码中扩充 View ，以查看我是否有错误的图像。这是我的 Activity 代码(只有变量 + onCreate，其余部分相同)
private static final int[] mTitles = {
R.string.surv1_title, R.string.surv2_title, R.string.surv3_title
};
private static final int[][] mTextViews = {
{ R.string.surv1_1, R.string.surv1_2, R.string.surv1_3, R.string.surv1_4, R.string.surv1_5 },
{ R.string.surv2_1, R.string.surv2_2, R.string.surv2_3, R.string.surv2_4, R.string.surv2_5, R.string.surv2_6 },
{ R.string.surv3_1, R.string.surv3_2, R.string.surv3_3 }
};
private static final int[][] mImageViews = {
{ R.drawable.surv_pioche, R.drawable.surv_crafting, R.drawable.surv_hache, R.drawable.surv_charbon,
R.drawable.surv_torch, R.drawable.surv_abri },
{ R.drawable.surv_malle, R.drawable.surv_four, R.drawable.surv_pelle, R.drawable.surv_repere,
R.drawable.surv_sand, R.drawable.surv_glass },
{ R.drawable.surv_1, R.drawable.surv_2, R.drawable.surv_3, R.drawable.surv_4,
R.drawable.surv_5, R.drawable.surv_6, R.drawable.surv_7, R.drawable.surv_8 },
};
private static final int[] mNextButtons = {
R.string.surv1_next, R.string.surv2_next, R.string.surv3_next
};
@Override
public void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
final Intent i = getIntent();
if (savedInstanceState != null && savedInstanceState.containsKey(KEY_LAYOUT_ID)) {
mLayoutId = savedInstanceState.getInt(KEY_LAYOUT_ID, 0);
} else if (i != null) {
mLayoutId = i.getIntExtra(KEY_LAYOUT_ID, 0);
} else {
mLayoutId = 0;
}
// Layout
//setContentView(mSurvivalLayouts[mLayoutId]);
LinearLayout ll;
ScrollView sv;
TextView tv;
ImageView iv;
Button b;
sv = new ScrollView(this);
sv.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
ll = new LinearLayout(this);
ll.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
ll.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
tv = new TextView(this);
tv.setId(R.id.title);
tv.setText(getString(mTitles[mLayoutId]));
ll.addView(tv);
for (final int textId: mTextViews[mLayoutId]) {
tv = new TextView(this);
tv.setText(getString(textId));
ll.addView(tv);
}
for (final int imgId: mImageViews[mLayoutId]) {
L.i("Creating image: "+imgId);
iv = new ImageView(this);
iv.setImageResource(imgId);
ll.addView(iv);
}
b = new Button(this);
b.setText(getString(mNextButtons[mLayoutId]));
b.setId(R.id.survival_next);
ll.addView(b);
sv.addView(ll);
setContentView(sv);
// Title
Util.setTitleFont(this, findViewById(R.id.title));
// "Next" button
final View nextButton = findViewById(R.id.survival_next);
Util.setFont(this, nextButton, "Lobster.ttf");
nextButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(final View v) {
final Intent next = new Intent(SurvivalActivity.this, SurvivalActivity.class);
next.putExtra(KEY_LAYOUT_ID, (mLayoutId + 1) % mSurvivalLayouts.length);
startActivity(next);
finish();
}
});
}
如您所见，我只是直接膨胀 View ，L.i(它是 Log.i(TAG, ...) 的别名)表示什么是在任何崩溃之前最后一个 ImageView 膨胀。
我运行了该应用程序，看到了第一个 Activity ，然后是第二个 Activity ，并且像以前一样在加载第三个 Activity 时崩溃了。我在logcat中看到的最后一个ID是最后一张图片R.drawable.surv_8。这是一个 630x377 的 jpeg 文件，45 kiB。
我试着像这样改变 View 的顺序:
private static final int[][] mImageViews = {
{ R.drawable.surv_pioche, R.drawable.surv_crafting, R.drawable.surv_hache, R.drawable.surv_charbon,
R.drawable.surv_torch, R.drawable.surv_abri },
{ R.drawable.surv_malle, R.drawable.surv_four, R.drawable.surv_pelle, R.drawable.surv_repere,
R.drawable.surv_sand, R.drawable.surv_glass },
{ R.drawable.surv_8, R.drawable.surv_1, R.drawable.surv_2, R.drawable.surv_3, R.drawable.surv_4,
R.drawable.surv_5, R.drawable.surv_6, R.drawable.surv_7, },
};
所以 surv_8 是第一个。该应用程序仍然在最后一张图片处崩溃，即 R.drawable.surv_7。所以这不是图像问题。
然后我从 mImageViews[2] 中删除了一张图片，这样我只有 7 张图片而不是 8 张。应用程序按预期工作:当我单击按钮时， Activity 加载我去下一个，在最后一个我去第一个。没有崩溃。
但是我可以看出 Activity 1 和 2 保留在内存中。确实，看看时间安排:
03-04 15:47:13.685 I/ActivityManager(17430): Displayed net.bicou.myapp/.SurvivalActivity: +2s570ms
03-04 15:47:36.834 I/ActivityManager(17430): Displayed net.bicou.myapp/.SurvivalActivity: +803ms
03-04 15:47:39.756 I/ActivityManager(17430): Displayed net.bicou.myapp/.SurvivalActivity: +1s476ms
03-04 15:47:44.201 I/ActivityManager(17430): Displayed net.bicou.myapp/.SurvivalActivity: +462ms
03-04 15:47:46.717 I/ActivityManager(17430): Displayed net.bicou.myapp/.SurvivalActivity: +474ms
03-04 15:47:48.599 I/ActivityManager(17430): Displayed net.bicou.myapp/.SurvivalActivity: +474ms
400 毫秒而不是 1.5-2.5 秒来加载 Activity 。
为什么会留在内存中？
=> ** 我是否需要在 onDestroy() 上手动释放所有图片？ **
=> 你怎么看这个:http://androidactivity.wordpress.com/2011/09/24/solution-for-outofmemoryerror-bitmap-size-exceeds-vm-budget/
使用此解决方案，我可以在全局加载大约 10 个位图，并且在加载另一个 Activity 时释放一些位图？
最佳答案
很抱歉，这个问题的答案实际上不可能与我在问题中提供的元素相匹配。
确实如此，正如此处另一个问题所述:Why are all my bitmaps upsampled 200%? ，我将我的图片放在 drawable 文件夹中，在像我这样的 xhdpi 屏幕上，这将导致 Android 对所有内容进行两次上采样(以匹配 xhdpi 与 mdpi)，并导致 400% 的内存使用(宽度的两倍和高度的两倍，所以像素是 4 倍)。
还有一件事，因为我不希望用户能够返回(请参阅 startActivity() 之后的 finish())，这里是我在 onPause() 中输入的内容:
private void unbindDrawables(View view) {
if (view.getBackground() != null) {
view.getBackground().setCallback(null);
}
if (view instanceof ViewGroup) {
for (int i = 0; i < ((ViewGroup) view).getChildCount(); i++) {
unbindDrawables(((ViewGroup) view).getChildAt(i));
}
((ViewGroup) view).removeAllViews();
}
}
这是我在 StackOverflow 上获得的一些代码(例如此处:Drawable vs Single reusable Bitmap better with memory?)。
以下是我对这段代码的评论以及为什么每一行都很重要:
setCallback(null)删除对 Activity 的引用，以便它可以被垃圾收集。如果您不这样做，所有 View 都将保留在内存中。- 您还需要从
onPause调用它，因为不能保证调用onDestroy。 - 在此之后您可能需要进行垃圾回收，以帮助 GC 了解某些对对象的引用已成为孤立对象并且可以被 GC 处理。只需调用
System.gc()。
这是生成的 onPause 代码，您的 Activity 的主要布局具有 ID top_layout:
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
unbindDrawables(findViewById(R.id.top_layout));
System.gc();
}
关于android - 加载 Activity 时出现 OutOfMemoryError，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9536521/