sql - 该列在IN子句中不存在，但是SQL运行

Question

我有一个使用IN子句的查询。这是一个简化的版本:

SELECT *
  FROM table A
  JOIN table B
    ON A.ID = B.ID
 WHERE B.AnotherColumn IN (SELECT Column FROM tableC WHERE ID = 1)

tableC没有Column列，但是查询执行得很好，没有错误消息。谁能解释为什么？

Answer 1

如果外部查询中的表具有该名称的列，则此方法有效。这是因为来自外部查询的列名可用于子查询，并且您可能故意在子查询SELECT列表中选择一个外部查询列。

例如:

CREATE TABLE #test_main (colA integer) 
CREATE TABLE #test_sub (colB integer)

-- Works, because colA is available to the sub-query from the outer query. However,
-- it's probably not what you intended to do:
SELECT * FROM #test_main WHERE colA IN (SELECT colA FROM #test_sub)

-- Doesn't work, because colC is nowhere in either query
SELECT * FROM #test_main WHERE colA IN (SELECT colC FROM #test_sub)

正如Damien所观察到的，保护自己免受这种不太明显的“陷阱”的最安全方法是养成在子查询中限定列名的习惯:

-- Doesn't work, because colA is not in table #test_sub, so at least you get
-- notified that what you were trying to do doesn't make sense.
SELECT * FROM #test_main WHERE colA IN (SELECT #test_sub.colA FROM #test_sub)