android - 在 Ionic 应用程序中使用 Vega Charts 会导致在某些设备上启动时出现运行时错误

令我懊恼的是，我发现我在我的 Android (8.0) 手机和 iPhone 上成功开发和测试的 Ionic 4 应用程序在 Android (8.1) 平板电脑的启动屏幕上卡住，并且在 iPad 上启动时崩溃。使用 adb logcat诊断技术，我观察到在错误的 Android 平板电脑上，vendor-es5.js 中报告了语法错误。，当我挖到我的项目的 www 文件夹并转到错误的引用行时，它说 SyntaxError: Unexpected token * ，我登陆的代码显然来自 node_modules/d3-delaunay/src/delaunay.js并且使用了 es6 幂运算符 ** ，具体来说:

r = 1e-8 * Math.sqrt((bounds[3] - bounds[1])**2 + (bounds[2] - bounds[0])**2);

我不知道为什么这段代码在某些设备上会出现问题，也不知道是什么导致了这段代码，它不是 es5 (?) 最终出现在 vendor-es5.js 中。文件没有被适本地转译。为了更进一步，我手动破解了 delaunay.js 文件，将所有求幂实例替换为其等效用法 Math.pow()果然，运行时更进一步，但最终在来自 node_modules/vega-dataflow/src/dataflow/load.js 的函数中再次搁浅。并提示SyntaxError: Unexpected token function ，特别是在这一行:

export async function request(url, format) {

同样，显然 async/await 不是 es5 构造，那么为什么它会以 vendor-es5.js 结尾？ .在这一点上，我觉得这里出现了系统性错误，除了切换图形库之外，我还没有能力理解如何克服它？如果可能的话，我想避免这种情况，所以我的问题是:

为什么会这样？

为什么它只对部分设备产生影响，而不是对所有设备？

有没有一种方法可以在不切换到其他图形库的情况下解决该问题？

更新 #1

因为它是一个 Ionic4 项目，这意味着它是一个 Angular 8 项目，这意味着它是一个 Webpack 项目(就像平台的默认设置一样)。所以这是我的angular.json文件:

{
  "$schema": "./node_modules/@angular/cli/lib/config/schema.json",
  "version": 1,
  "defaultProject": "app",
  "newProjectRoot": "projects",
  "projects": {
    "app": {
      "root": "",
      "sourceRoot": "src",
      "projectType": "application",
      "prefix": "app",
      "schematics": {},
      "architect": {
        "build": {
          "builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:browser",
          "options": {
            "outputPath": "www",
            "index": "src/index.html",
            "main": "src/main.ts",
            "polyfills": "src/polyfills.ts",
            "tsConfig": "tsconfig.app.json",
            "assets": [
              {
                "glob": "**/*",
                "input": "src/assets",
                "output": "assets"
              },
              {
                "glob": "**/*.svg",
                "input": "node_modules/ionicons/dist/ionicons/svg",
                "output": "./svg"
              }
            ],
            "styles": [
              {
                "input": "src/theme/variables.scss"
              },
              {
                "input": "src/global.scss"
              }
            ],
            "scripts": []
          },
          "configurations": {
            "production": {
              "fileReplacements": [
                {
                  "replace": "src/environments/environment.ts",
                  "with": "src/environments/environment.prod.ts"
                }
              ],
              "optimization": true,
              "outputHashing": "all",
              "sourceMap": false,
              "extractCss": true,
              "namedChunks": false,
              "aot": true,
              "extractLicenses": true,
              "vendorChunk": false,
              "buildOptimizer": true,
              "budgets": [
                {
                  "type": "initial",
                  "maximumWarning": "2mb",
                  "maximumError": "5mb"
                }
              ]
            },
            "ci": {
              "progress": false
            }
          }
        },
        "serve": {
          "builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:dev-server",
          "options": {
            "browserTarget": "app:build"
          },
          "configurations": {
            "production": {
              "browserTarget": "app:build:production"
            },
            "ci": {
              "progress": false
            }
          }
        },
        "extract-i18n": {
          "builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:extract-i18n",
          "options": {
            "browserTarget": "app:build"
          }
        },
        "test": {
          "builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:karma",
          "options": {
            "main": "src/test.ts",
            "polyfills": "src/polyfills.ts",
            "tsConfig": "tsconfig.spec.json",
            "karmaConfig": "karma.conf.js",
            "styles": [],
            "scripts": [],
            "assets": [
              {
                "glob": "favicon.ico",
                "input": "src/",
                "output": "/"
              },
              {
                "glob": "**/*",
                "input": "src/assets",
                "output": "/assets"
              }
            ]
          },
          "configurations": {
            "ci": {
              "progress": false,
              "watch": false
            }
          }
        },
        "lint": {
          "builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:tslint",
          "options": {
            "tsConfig": [
              "tsconfig.app.json",
              "tsconfig.spec.json",
              "e2e/tsconfig.json"
            ],
            "exclude": ["**/node_modules/**"]
          }
        },
        "e2e": {
          "builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:protractor",
          "options": {
            "protractorConfig": "e2e/protractor.conf.js",
            "devServerTarget": "app:serve"
          },
          "configurations": {
            "production": {
              "devServerTarget": "app:serve:production"
            },
            "ci": {
              "devServerTarget": "app:serve:ci"
            }
          }
        },
        "ionic-cordova-build": {
          "builder": "@ionic/angular-toolkit:cordova-build",
          "options": {
            "browserTarget": "app:build"
          },
          "configurations": {
            "production": {
              "browserTarget": "app:build:production"
            }
          }
        },
        "ionic-cordova-serve": {
          "builder": "@ionic/angular-toolkit:cordova-serve",
          "options": {
            "cordovaBuildTarget": "app:ionic-cordova-build",
            "devServerTarget": "app:serve"
          },
          "configurations": {
            "production": {
              "cordovaBuildTarget": "app:ionic-cordova-build:production",
              "devServerTarget": "app:serve:production"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cli": {
    "defaultCollection": "@ionic/angular-toolkit"
  },
  "schematics": {
    "@ionic/angular-toolkit:component": {
      "styleext": "scss"
    },
    "@ionic/angular-toolkit:page": {
      "styleext": "scss"
    }
  }
}

...这是我的 package.json 的相关子集项目文件:

{
  "dependencies": {
    "@angular/common": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular/core": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular/forms": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular/http": "^7.2.15",
    "@angular/platform-browser": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular/platform-browser-dynamic": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular/router": "~8.1.2",
    "@ionic-native/core": "^5.15.1",
    "@ionic/angular": "^4.7.1",
    "vega": "~5.6.0",
    "vega-lite": "^3.4.0",
    "vega-themes": "^2.4.0",
    "zone.js": "~0.9.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@angular-devkit/architect": "~0.801.2",
    "@angular-devkit/build-angular": "~0.801.2",
    "@angular-devkit/core": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular-devkit/schematics": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular/cli": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular/compiler": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular/compiler-cli": "~8.1.2",
    "@angular/language-service": "~8.1.2",
    "@ionic/angular-toolkit": "~2.0.0",
    "@types/jasmine": "~3.3.8",
    "@types/jasminewd2": "~2.0.3",
    "@types/node": "~8.9.4",
    "codelyzer": "^5.0.0",
    "jasmine-core": "~3.4.0",
    "jasmine-spec-reporter": "~4.2.1",
    "karma": "~4.1.0",
    "karma-chrome-launcher": "~2.2.0",
    "karma-coverage-istanbul-reporter": "~2.0.1",
    "karma-jasmine": "~2.0.1",
    "karma-jasmine-html-reporter": "^1.4.0",
    "protractor": "~5.4.0",
    "ts-node": "~7.0.0",
    "tslint": "~5.15.0",
    "typescript": "~3.4.3"
  }
}

更新 #2

继续尝试解决这个问题，我对 package.json 进行了以下一组更新。 :

  "dependences": 
    "tslib": added => "^1.10.0" 
    "vega": "~5.6.0" => "^5.9.0"
    "vega-lite": "^3.4.0" => "^4.0.2"

  "devDependencies": 
    "@angular/compiler": "~8.1.2" => "~8.2.9"
    "@angular/compiler-cli": "~8.1.2" => "~8.2.9"
    "typescript": "~3.4.3" => "~3.5.3"

...通过这些更改，我想我在 www/vendor-es5.js 中得到了明显的 es5 编译输出。文件和我的adb logcat结果似乎没有指示语法错误。不幸的是，该应用程序仍然无法通过启动画面(这只是在某些设备上的情况)。

这是我的tsconfig.json项目中的文件:

{
  "compileOnSave": false,
  "compilerOptions": {
    "baseUrl": "./",
    "outDir": "./dist/out-tsc",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "declaration": false,
    "module": "esnext",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "importHelpers": true,
    "target": "es2015",
    "typeRoots": [
      "node_modules/@types"
    ],
    "lib": [
      "es2018",
      "dom"
    ]
  },
  "angularCompilerOptions": {
    "fullTemplateTypeCheck": true,
    "strictInjectionParameters": true
  }
}

...就 vega 的使用而言它的症结在于:

    const theme = vega.fivethirtyeight;
    this._view = new vega.View(vega.parse(vegaSpec, theme), {})
      .initialize(this.container.nativeElement)
      .logLevel(vega.Warn)
      .renderer('svg');

... 如果我过滤 adb logcat，则在有问题的设备上输出到 E (错误)行，我看到了:

01-10 09:17:27.650  6413  6413 E ApkAssets: Error while loading asset assets/natives_blob_64.bin: java.io.FileNotFoundException: assets/natives_blob_64.bin
01-10 09:17:27.651  6413  6413 E ApkAssets: Error while loading asset assets/snapshot_blob_64.bin: java.io.FileNotFoundException: assets/snapshot_blob_64.bin
01-10 09:17:27.680  6413  6413 E         : appName=xxxxxx, acAppName=/system/bin/surfaceflinger
01-10 09:17:27.680  6413  6413 E         : 0
01-10 09:17:27.683  6413  6413 E         : appName=xxxxxx, acAppName=vStudio.Android.Camera360
01-10 09:17:27.683  6413  6413 E         : 0
01-10 09:17:27.781  6413  6413 E MPlugin : Unsupported class: com.mediatek.common.telephony.IOnlyOwnerSimSupport
01-10 09:17:28.153  6413  6464 E libEGL  : validate_display:99 error 3008 (EGL_BAD_DISPLAY)
01-10 09:17:28.432  6413  6464 E         : appName=xxxxxx, acAppName=vStudio.Android.Camera360
01-10 09:17:28.433  6413  6464 E         : 0
01-10 09:17:28.436  6413  6464 E         : appName=xxxxxx, acAppName=vStudio.Android.Camera360
01-10 09:17:28.436  6413  6464 E         : 0
01-10 09:17:28.437  6413  6464 E         : appName=xxxxxx, acAppName=vStudio.Android.Camera360
01-10 09:17:28.437  6413  6464 E         : 0
01-10 09:17:30.514  6413  6455 E         : appName=xxxxxx, acAppName=vStudio.Android.Camera360
01-10 09:17:30.514  6413  6455 E         : 0
01-10 09:17:30.515  6413  6455 E         : app

...而且这里是W (警告)行:

01-10 09:17:27.835  6413  6413 W chromium: [WARNING:password_handler.cc(33)] create-->contents = 0x9c66ec00, delegate = 0xa4b7edd0
01-10 09:17:27.835  6413  6413 W chromium: [WARNING:password_handler.cc(41)] attaching to web_contents 
01-10 09:17:27.837  6413  6413 W cr_AwContents: onDetachedFromWindow called when already detached. Ignoring
01-10 09:17:28.185  6413  6455 W libEGL  : [ANDROID_RECORDABLE] format: 1
01-10 09:17:28.209  6413  6464 W VideoCapabilities: Unrecognized profile/level 1/32 for video/mp4v-es
01-10 09:17:28.209  6413  6464 W VideoCapabilities: Unrecognized profile/level 32768/2 for video/mp4v-es
01-10 09:17:28.209  6413  6464 W VideoCapabilities: Unrecognized profile/level 32768/64 for video/mp4v-es
01-10 09:17:28.244  6413  6455 W libEGL  : [ANDROID_RECORDABLE] format: 1
01-10 09:17:28.248  6413  6464 W VideoCapabilities: Unsupported mime video/x-ms-wmv
01-10 09:17:28.253  6413  6464 W VideoCapabilities: Unsupported mime video/divx
01-10 09:17:28.262  6413  6464 W VideoCapabilities: Unsupported mime video/xvid
01-10 09:17:28.268  6413  6464 W VideoCapabilities: Unsupported mime video/flv1
01-10 09:17:28.274  6413  6464 W VideoCapabilities: Unrecognized profile/level 1/32 for video/mp4v-es
01-10 09:17:28.485  6413  6413 W cr_BindingManager: Cannot call determinedVisibility() - never saw a connection for the pid: 6413
01-10 09:17:28.568  6413  6413 W cr_BindingManager: Cannot call determinedVisibility() - never saw a connection for the pid: 6413

最佳答案

首先我想说的是真的是vega包错误 - 我认为通过 npm 传递未编译的代码是一种糟糕的方式。例如 Angular Package Format如果需要，保证您将获得 es5 有效代码。但是vega不清楚angular依赖所以让我们解决它。

为什么会这样？

因为有些开发者在 es6+ 中提供包标准，直到您需要 es5兼容的应用程序。在我看来，图书馆开发人员应该构建和交付 es5和 es6 bundle ，否则他们的用户会很头疼(例如您的情况 vega )。

为什么它只对部分设备产生影响，而不是对所有设备？

老实说，我在原生移动开发方面的经验非常有限——我在这里只能说，例如移动 Chrome 和桌面 Chrome 在它们的引擎上存在一些差异。这意味着不能保证使用相同的软件会提供相同的结果。有时您可以在移动浏览器中找到该错误，而无法在桌面浏览器中重现它。

我认为在您的情况下，某些带有某些浏览器引擎的设备可以使用 es6代码 - 有些就是不能。
在您的问题的第一个版本中，还有用户代理字符串 - 我认为高级移动开发人员可以说比我更多。

有没有一种方法可以在不切换到其他图形库的情况下解决该问题？

是的。
我创建了一个 repo设置与您的非常相似 - 简单 ionic@4项目基于 angular@8 .

您的 bundle 现在是 es5和 es6混合。让我们全力以赴es5兼容在任何浏览器中工作(我甚至在 ie11 中测试了这个项目)。
完成工作的步骤:

安装依赖项。我们将在进一步的步骤中需要它们。

npm i -S regenerator-runtime
npm i -D @angular-builders/custom-webpack babel-loader @babel/core @babel/preset-env

更改target属性(property)给 es5在 tsconfig . "target": "es5"

我们将转译 async/await所以我们需要regenerator-runtime polyfill 被添加到 polyfills.ts如import 'regenerator-runtime/runtime'

主要步骤。在 angular.json 中更改构建器并将路径添加到 webpack.config.js为 build 使用自定义 webpack 配置和 serve :

       "build": {
          "builder": "@angular-builders/custom-webpack:browser",
          "options": {
            "customWebpackConfig": {
                 "path": "./webpack.config.js"
              },
...
        "serve": {
          "builder": "@angular-builders/custom-webpack:dev-server",

创建 webpack.config.js在根文件夹中，带有用于转换 vega 及其依赖项的规则。我以非常迫切的方式找到了它们。

// these dependencies are es6!!!
const transpileList = ['node_modules/vega', 'node_modules/d3', 'node_modules/delaunator'];

module.exports = function(base) {
    return {
        ...base,
        module: {
            ...base.module,
            rules: [
                ...base.module.rules,
                {
                    test: function(fileName) {
                        return transpileList.some(name => fileName.includes(name)) && fileName.endsWith('.js');
                    },
                    use: {
                        loader: 'babel-loader',
                        options: {
                            presets: ['@babel/preset-env']
                        }
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    }
}

完成这些步骤后，我希望您的应用程序可以在任何 es5 中运行。环境。我在桌面上试过 ie11和平板电脑三星 A 与默认三星浏览器。

关于android - 在 Ionic 应用程序中使用 Vega Charts 会导致在某些设备上启动时出现运行时错误，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59606443/

android - 在 Ionic 应用程序中使用 Vega Charts 会导致在某些设备上启动时出现运行时错误

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