apache - Mod_Rewrite 意外行为 L 标志

Question

我的网络应用程序结构是:

/var/www/myapp/
    - www/
        - index.php
        - css.php
        - .htaccess

虚拟主机配置为:

<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerName www.example.org
        DocumentRoot /var/www/myapp/www
        DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
        <Directory /var/www/myapp/www>
                Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
                AllowOverride All
                Order allow,deny
                allow from all
        </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

在/var/www/myapp/www/.htaccess 中有:

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine on
    RewriteBase /
    RewriteRule css css.php [L,NC]
    RewriteRule .* index.php
</IfModule>

现在，如果我调用 www.example.org，我会正确重定向到 index.php，但如果我调用 www.example.org/css，我仍然会始终重定向到 index.php。

如果我删除“RewriteRule .* index.php”行，然后调用 www.example.org/css，我会正确重定向到 css.php。

怎么了？
非常感谢大家

======== 编辑 =========

192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b7080058/initial] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] add path info postfix: /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/DEV_2 -> /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/DEV_2/css/example1/test.css
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b7080058/initial] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] strip per-dir prefix: /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/DEV_2/css/example1/test.css -> DEV_2/css/example1/test.css
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b7080058/initial] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] applying pattern '^(DEV|TEST|PROD)\_[0-9]+\/(css|js|image|static)\/(.+)$' to uri 'DEV_2/css/example1/test.css'
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b7080058/initial] (2) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] rewrite 'DEV_2/css/example1/test.css' -> 'css/example1/test.css'
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b7080058/initial] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] add per-dir prefix: css/example1/test.css -> /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/css/example1/test.css
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b7080058/initial] (2) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] trying to replace prefix /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/ with /
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b7080058/initial] (5) strip matching prefix: /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/css/example1/test.css -> css/example1/test.css
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b7080058/initial] (4) add subst prefix: css/example1/test.css -> /css/example1/test.css
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b7080058/initial] (1) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] internal redirect with /css/example1/test.css [INTERNAL REDIRECT]
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] strip per-dir prefix: /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/css/example1/test.css -> css/example1/test.css
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] applying pattern '^(DEV|TEST|PROD)\_[0-9]+\/(css|js|image|static)\/(.+)$' to uri 'css/example1/test.css'
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] strip per-dir prefix: /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/css/example1/test.css -> css/example1/test.css
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] applying pattern '.*' to uri 'css/example1/test.css'
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (2) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] rewrite 'css/example1/test.css' -> 'index.php'
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] add per-dir prefix: index.php -> /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/index.php
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (2) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] trying to replace prefix /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/ with /
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (5) strip matching prefix: /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/index.php -> index.php
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (4) add subst prefix: index.php -> /index.php
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b63188e8/initial/redir#1] (1) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] internal redirect with /index.php [INTERNAL REDIRECT]
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b6310db8/initial/redir#2] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] strip per-dir prefix: /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/index.php -> index.php
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b6310db8/initial/redir#2] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] applying pattern '^(DEV|TEST|PROD)\_[0-9]+\/(css|js|image|static)\/(.+)$' to uri 'index.php'
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b6310db8/initial/redir#2] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] strip per-dir prefix: /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/index.php -> index.php
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b6310db8/initial/redir#2] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] applying pattern '.*' to uri 'index.php'
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b6310db8/initial/redir#2] (2) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] rewrite 'index.php' -> 'index.php'
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b6310db8/initial/redir#2] (3) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] add per-dir prefix: index.php -> /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/index.php
192.168.1.8 - - [14/Jul/2012:19:07:21 +0200] [www.example.org/sid#b747b6c0][rid#b6310db8/initial/redir#2] (1) [perdir /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/] initial URL equal rewritten URL: /var/www/sviluppo/mattia_dev/example/www/index.php [IGNORING REWRITE]

似乎发生了第一次重定向，但 mod_rewrite 并没有停止导致内部重定向。然后，更改后的 url 再次传递给 mod_rewrite 并发生第二次重定向，但现在匹配第二条规则。

我无法理解它，因为我放置了 [L] 标志只是为了确保 mod_rewrite 停止。

再次感谢

Answer 1

您错过了关于 L flag 的重要事实:

It is therefore important, if you are using RewriteRule directives in one of these [.htaccess, <Directory>] contexts, that you take explicit steps to avoid rules looping, and not count solely on the [L] flag to terminate execution of a series of rules

发件人:L|last (Flag) ;由我大胆

这意味着，只有使用 L没有您想要的效果来防止内部重定向。 INTERNAL REDIRECT在这里发生是因为它必须发生，你已经用你的 .htaccess 指定了它。配置。 L flag 不是阻止 INTERNAL REDIRECT 的正确标志.

让我们仔细看看您的问题以及实际发生的情况:

I can't understand it because I've placed the [L] flag just to ensure that the mod_rewrite stops.

只是你对L的理解有误吗？旗帜。它只会在当前重写时停止，即 RewriteRule它下面的指令不会在当前轮次(内部循环)中处理。

如果 URI 更改 L将重新注入(inject)下一轮(外循环)，如下technical details flowchart显示:



突出显示 L 的位置标志开始了，INTERNAL REDIRECT发生了，这是相同的图形，带有一些注释，用于您的特定(第一个)URI 重写:



它表明 L flag 仅退出内部循环，但如果 URI 已被重写(更改) - 就像您的情况一样 - 外部循环会注意更改的 URI 将再次传递给您的所有重写规则。

相反，您可能想要制定一个条件，如手册该部分中的以下示例所示:

RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/index.php
RewriteRule ^(.*) /index.php?req=$1 [L,PT]

( PT has it's own manual entry ，或多或少不是解决方案的一部分，只是注意到因为我按原样引用了示例)

你真正想要使用的是END旗帜:

RewriteRule css css.php [END,NC]

但是，如果您有所需的 apache 版本(在 2.3.9 及更高版本中可用)，请联系您的系统管理员。如果没有，则需要使用 RewriteCond 进行操作.