javascript - 以冒号开头的 HTTP/2 请求和 header

Question

你好心爱的 SO 社区。

我有一个问题折磨了我几个月没有解决办法。

我正在尝试在使用一些以冒号开头的 header 的 HTTP/2 端点上发出请求。例子:

:method: "POST"

我尝试过使用 python(hyper, requests)、php(guzzle) 和 js(fetch)。
据推测，我已经使用 js 实现了所需的结果，但 CORS 策略返回给我一个“不透明”的结果。

任何帮助都会很棒!

JS 结果大概是正确的“不透明”

fetch("https://www.example.com/users/sign_in", 
        {
          "credentials":"include",
          "headers":{
            "accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3",
            "accept-language":"en-US,en;q=0.9,el;q=0.8",
            "cache-control":"max-age=0",
            "content-type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
            "accept-encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
            "content-length": 614,
            "origin": "https://www.example.com",
            "sec-fetch-mode": "navigate",
            "sec-fetch-site": "same-origin",
            "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.87 Safari/537.36",
          },
          "referrer":"https://www.example.com/users/sign_in",
          "referrerPolicy":"no-referrer-when-downgrade",
          "redirect": "follow",
          "body":"..."
          "method":"POST",
          "mode":"no-cors",
          ":authority": "www.example.com",
          ":method": "POST",
          ":path": "/users/sign_in",
          ":scheme": "https"
        })

Python 结果 500 或 404

 context = tls.init_context()
    context.check_hostname = False
    context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
    with HTTP20Connection('www.example.com', port=443, ssl_context=context) as c:
        headers = {
            ":authority": "www.example.com",
            ":method": "GET",
            ":path": "/users/sign_in",
            ":scheme": "https",
            "accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3",
            "accept-encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
            "accept-language": "en-US,en;q=0.9,el;q=0.8",
            "sec-fetch-mode": "navigate",
            "sec-fetch-site": "none",
            "sec-fetch-user": "?1",
            "upgrade-insecure-requests": "1",
            "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36"
        }

        c.request('GET', 'www.example.com/users/sign_in', headers=headers)

PHP 结果 500 或 curl 错误 55

$jar = new CookieJar;
    $client = new Client([
        // Base URI is used with relative requests
        'cookies' => $jar,
        'version' => 2.0,
        'debug' => fopen('php://stderr', 'w'),
    ]);

    $client->request('GET', 'https://www.example.com/users/sign_in');

    $response = $client->request('POST', 'https://www.example.com/users/sign_in', [
        'headers' => [
            ":authority"=> "www.example.com",
            ":method"=> "POST",
            ":path"=> "/users/sign_in",
            ":scheme"=> "https",
            "accept"=> "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3",
            "accept-encoding"=> "gzip, deflate, br",
            "accept-language"=> "en-US,en;q=0.9,el;q=0.8",
            "cache-control"=> "max-age=0",
            "content-length"=> "616",
            "content-type"=> "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
            "origin"=> "https://www.example.com",
            "referer"=> "https://www.example.com/users/sign_in",
            "sec-fetch-mode"=> "navigate",
            "sec-fetch-site"=> "same-origin",
            "sec-fetch-user"=> "?1",
            "upgrade-insecure-requests"=> "1",
            "user-agent"=> "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36"
        ],
        'form_params' => [ ... ],
        'version' => 2.0,
        'allow_redirects' => true
    ]);

Answer 1

这些是 HTTP/2 伪 header ，适用于 HTTP/2 流中的请求和响应。 HTTP/2 创建从每个不同的源端点到服务器的单个持久连接。该连接向端点传输多个请求和响应；这些被解析为“帧”并作为“流”传输。 HTTP/2 可以同时交织来自多个请求和响应流的帧，以获得巨大的性能优势。 intro to http/2
伪 header 适用于流；一组不同的 header 适用于连接本身。为请求定义了四个伪 header ::method、:scheme、:authority 和:path。不允许其他人。这 4 个必须包含在每个请求 header block 中，并且它们必须位于任何其他 header 之前:
"所有的伪头域必须出现在头 block 之前
常规标题字段。任何包含
出现在头 block 中的伪头字段
header 字段必须被视为格式错误(第 8.1.2.6 节)。” http2 spec
我不熟悉“获取”如何实现 header ，但在您上面的代码中，您似乎在 header block 之外有伪 header ，它们被放在最后。可能是搞砸了获取。