clojure - 使用 Hiccup 和 Compojure 编写模板

Question

我对 Clojure 和 Compojure Web 开发比较陌生。我在构建的玩具示例中注意到的第一个问题是 HTML 模板问题。我想支持 Rails 中的部分或 Django 使用的模板框架。

目前我有:

(defn index-page []
(html5
    [:head
        [:title "Home | Compojure Docs"]
        (include-css "/css/bootstrap.min.css")
        (include-css "/css/bootstrap-responsive.min.css")]
    [:body
        [:div {:class "container-fluid"}
            [:div {:class "row-fluid"}
                [:div {:class "span2 menu"}]
                [:div {:class "span10 content"}
                    [:h1 "Compojure Docs"]
                    [:ul
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/getting-started"} "Getting Started"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/routes-in-detail"} "Routes in Detail"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/destructuring-syntax"} "Destructuring Syntax"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/nesting-routes"} "Nesting Routes"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/api-documentation"} "API Documentation"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/paas-platforms"} "PaaS Platforms"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/example-project"} "Example Project"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/example-project-on-cloudbees"} "Example Project on CloudBees"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/interactive-development-with-ring"} "Interactive Development with Ring"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/emacs-indentation"} "Emacs Indentation"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/sessions"} "Sessions"]]
                        [:li
                            [:a {:href "/common-problems"} "Common Problems"]]]
                    (include-js "/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js")
                    (include-js "/js/bootstrap.min.js")]]]]))

(defn routes-in-detail []
(html5
    [:head
        [:title "Routes in Detail | Compojure Docs"]
        (include-css "/css/style.css")]
    [:body
        [:h1 "Routes in Detail"]]))

有没有让我不重复代码的好方法？我希望 HEAD 标记中的内容位于它自己的模板文件或函数中，然后能够在我进行时包含它。例如，我想将它包含在“详细路线”功能中。我看过 Enlive，但我不确定如何将它与 Hiccup 一起使用。对此处最佳实践的任何想法将不胜感激。

Answer 1

您可以将部分标记提取到单独的变量中:

(def head
  [:head
    [:title "Home | Compojure Docs"]
    (include-css "/css/bootstrap.min.css")
     ... ])

(defn routes-in-detail []
  (html5
    head
    [:body
      ... ]))

如果你需要你的代码片段/部分来接受参数，你可以把它变成一个函数，例如:

(defn head [title]
  [:head
    [:title title]
    (include-css "/css/bootstrap.min.css")
     ... ])

(defn routes-in-detail []
  (html5
    (head "Routes in detail")
    ... ))

有时您会希望您的“片段”包含多个顶级元素而不是单个元素。在这种情况下，您可以将它们包装在一个列表中 - hiccup 将内联展开它:

(defn head-contents [title]
  (list [:title title]
        (include-css "/css/bootstrap.min.css")
        ... )))

(defn routes-in-detail []
  (html5
    [:head (head-contents "Routes in detail")]
    [:body ... ]))

一旦您意识到 hiccup 标记是由简单的 clojure 数据结构构成的，您就会发现使用函数操作/构建它是简单而灵活的。