Android Espresso 与 Actionbar

Question

我一直在尝试使用 Espresso 测试具有菜单抽屉的应用。

现在是奇怪的地方。

在第一个测试中，我打开抽屉并单击一个项目，然后继续进行其余测试。这一切都很好。

当我添加第二个执行完全相同操作的测试时，出现异常。它似乎与菜单抽屉的内容有关，但我不知所措。

异常(exception)是这样的:

com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.PerformException: Error performing 'single click' on view '(with id: is <2131099739> and with text: is "Events")'.
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.PerformException$Builder.build(PerformException.java:67)
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.getUserFriendlyError(DefaultFailureHandler.java:57)
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.handle(DefaultFailureHandler.java:40)
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.ViewInteraction.runSynchronouslyOnUiThread(ViewInteraction.java:146)
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.ViewInteraction.doPerform(ViewInteraction.java:77)
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.ViewInteraction.perform(ViewInteraction.java:69)
at com.xxx.app.events.StackOverflowExampleTest.selectMenu(StackOverflowExampleTest.java:83)
at com.xxx.app.events.StackOverflowExampleTest.setUp(StackOverflowExampleTest.java:72)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:192)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:177)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.onStart(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:555)
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner.onStart(GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner.java:119)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1608)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Action will not be performed because the target view does not match one or more of the following constraints:
at least 90 percent of the view's area is displayed to the user.
Target view: "TextView{id=2131099739, res-name=menu_item_content, visibility=VISIBLE, width=432, height=112, has-focus=false, has-focusable=false, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=24.0, y=2.0, text=Events, input-type=0, ime-target=false}"
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.ViewInteraction$1.run(ViewInteraction.java:100)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:442)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:305)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:137)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:615)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4898)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:1006)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:773)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

这是测试类

public class StackOverflowExampleTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MainActivity_>
{
    public StackOverflowExampleTest()
    {
        super(MainActivity_.class);
    }

    /**
     * Basic check for content displayed
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void testSanityCheck()
    {
        // check title is shown
        onView(allOf(withId(R.id.event_view_title), isDisplayed())).check(
                        matches(withText("Isaac Vladimir Sinead Stacey"))); //$NON-NLS-1$

        // check content is shown
        onView(allOf(withId(R.id.event_view_text), isDisplayed())).check(
                        matches(withText(startsWith("Arcu ipsumcurabitur. Aliquammauris sodalessed arcu.")))); //$NON-NLS-1$

        // check "more details" is shown
        onView(allOf(withId(R.id.event_view_link), isDisplayed()))
                        .check(matches(withText(R.string.events_button_text)));
    }

    /**
     * Basic check for content displayed
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void testSanityCheck2()
    {
        // check title is shown
        onView(allOf(withId(R.id.event_view_title), isDisplayed())).check(
                        matches(withText("Isaac Vladimir Sinead Stacey"))); //$NON-NLS-1$

        // check content is shown
        onView(allOf(withId(R.id.event_view_text), isDisplayed())).check(
                        matches(withText(startsWith("Arcu ipsumcurabitur. Aliquammauris sodalessed arcu.")))); //$NON-NLS-1$

        // check "more details" is shown
        onView(allOf(withId(R.id.event_view_link), isDisplayed()))
                        .check(matches(withText(R.string.events_button_text)));
    }

    @Override
    protected void setUp() throws Exception
    {
        super.setUp();

        // start the activity
        this.getActivity();

        // show events fragment
        this.selectMenu(R.string.menu_item_events);
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
    protected void selectMenu(final int menuItemResId)
    {
        // open the drawer
        onView(withId(android.R.id.home)).perform(click());

        // click the supplied menu item (aka list item)
        onView(allOf(withId(R.id.menu_item_content), withText(this.getActivity().getString(menuItemResId)))).perform(
                        click());

    }
}

Answer 1

当您要操作的 View 在屏幕上不可见或部分可见时，我遇到了同样的问题。因此，如果您对屏幕上的某些 View 有疑问 - 只需滚动到它然后单击:

onView(withId(is(R.id.button_login))).perform(
    scrollTo(), 
    click());

如果您在具有项目列表的抽屉中遇到此问题并且您想单击不可见的项目 - 使用 onData(...)。但是你必须先显示抽屉(参见如何打开抽屉 here ):

onData(is(instanceOf(com.your.package.SomeDrawerItem.class)))
    .inAdapterView(withId(R.id.drawer_listview))
    .atPosition(itemPositionInDrawer).perform(click());