我正在获取一个网页的源代码,编码是cp1252。 Chrome 正确显示页面。
这是我的代码:
import sys
from urllib.request import urlopen
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup, UnicodeDammit
import re
import codecs
url = "http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1400810/000119312513211026/d515005d10q.htm"
page = urlopen(url).read()
print(page)
# A little preview :
# b'...Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the\nregistrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes <FONT STYLE="FONT-FAMILY:WINGDINGS">x</FONT>...'
soup = BeautifulSoup(page, from_encoding="cp1252")
print(str(soup).encode('utf-8'))
# Same preview section as above
# b'...Regulation S-T (\xc2\xa7232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the\nregistrant was required to submit and post such files).\xc2\xa0\xc2\xa0\xc2\xa0\xc2\xa0Yes\xc2\xa0\xc2\xa0<font style="FONT-FAMILY:WINGDINGS">x</font>'
从预览部分我们可以看到
 \; =\xc2\xa0
§ =\xc2\xa7
x = x
对于cp1252编码标准,我指的是 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows-1252#Code_page_layout 和/Lib/encodings/cp1252.py
当我使用 BeautifulSoup(page, from_encoding="cp1252") 时,某些字符编码正确,但其他一些字符编码不正确。
角色|十进制编码 | cp1252->utf-8编码
“| |\xc2\x93(错误)
” | |\xc2\x94(错误)
X | x |\xc2\x92(错误)
§| § |\xc2\xa7(确定)
þ | þ
¡ ¨
' | |\xc2\x92(错误)
– |
我使用此代码来获得等效项:
characters = "’ “ ” X § þ ¨ ' –"
list = characters.split()
for ch in list:
print(ch)
cp1252 = ch.encode('cp1252')
print(cp1252)
decimal = cp1252[0]
special = "&#" + str(decimal)
print(special)
print(ch.encode('utf-8'))
print()
offenders = [120, 146]
for n in offenders:
toHex = hex(n)
print(toHex)
print()
#120
off = b'\x78'
print(off)
buff = off.decode('cp1252')
print(buff)
uni = buff.encode('utf-8')
print(uni)
print()
#146
off = b'\x92'
print(off)
buff = off.decode('cp1252')
print(buff)
uni = buff.encode('utf-8')
print(uni)
print()
输出
’
b'\x92'
’
b'\xe2\x80\x99'
“
b'\x93'
“
b'\xe2\x80\x9c'
”
b'\x94'
”
b'\xe2\x80\x9d'
X
b'X'
X
b'X'
§
b'\xa7'
§
b'\xc2\xa7'
þ
b'\xfe'
þ
b'\xc3\xbe'
¨
b'\xa8'
¨
b'\xc2\xa8'
'
b"'"
'
b"'"
–
b'\x96'
–
b'\xe2\x80\x93'
0x78
0x92
b'x'
x
b'x'
b'\x92'
’
b'\xe2\x80\x99'
某些字符无法复制粘贴到编辑器,例如奇怪的 X 和奇怪的 ',因此我添加了一些代码来处理该问题。
我可以做什么来获取\xe2\x80\x9d 而不是\xc2\x94 for ” ()?
我的设置:
Windows 7
终端:chcp 1252 + Lucida Console 字体
Python 3.3
美丽汤4
期待您的答复
最佳答案
HTML 中的数字字符引用指的是 Unicode 代码点,即,它不依赖于文档的字符编码,例如
是 U+0094 CANCEL CHARACTER* 。
b"\xe2\x80\x9d"
字节解释为 utf-8 为 U+201D RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK :
u'\u201d'.encode('utf-8') == b'\xe2\x80\x9d'
u'\u201d'.encode('cp1252') == b'\x94'
u'\u201d'.encode('ascii', 'xmlcharrefreplace') == b'”'
要修复代码,请删除不必要的位:
from urllib.request import urlopen
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = "http://www.sec.gov/path/to.htm"
soup = BeautifulSoup(urlopen(url))
print(soup)
如果失败;尝试 sys.stdout.buffer.write(soup.encode('cp1252'))
或将 PYTHONIOENCODING
环境变量设置为 cp1252:xmlcharrefreplace
。
关于encoding - 如何解码十进制的 cp1252 “ 而不是\x93?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17392422/