sql - 在 WHERE 子句中使用别名

Question

我有一个查询，旨在向我显示表 A 中最近尚未更新的任何行。 (每行应在“month_no”之后的 2 个月内更新。):

SELECT A.identifier
     , A.name
     , TO_NUMBER(DECODE( A.month_no
             , 1, 200803 
             , 2, 200804 
             , 3, 200805 
             , 4, 200806 
             , 5, 200807 
             , 6, 200808 
             , 7, 200809 
             , 8, 200810 
             , 9, 200811 
             , 10, 200812 
             , 11, 200701 
             , 12, 200702
             , NULL)) as MONTH_NO
     , TO_NUMBER(TO_CHAR(B.last_update_date, 'YYYYMM')) as UPD_DATE
  FROM table_a A
     , table_b B
 WHERE A.identifier = B.identifier
   AND MONTH_NO > UPD_DATE

WHERE 子句中的最后一行导致“ORA-00904 无效标识符”错误。不用说，我不想在 WHERE 子句中重复整个 DECODE 函数。有什么想法吗？ (修复和解决方法均已接受...)

Answer 1

这不可能直接实现，因为按时间顺序，WHERE 发生在 SELECT 之前，这始终是执行链中的最后一步。

您可以对其进行子选择和过滤:

SELECT * FROM
(
  SELECT A.identifier
    , A.name
    , TO_NUMBER(DECODE( A.month_no
      , 1, 200803 
      , 2, 200804 
      , 3, 200805 
      , 4, 200806 
      , 5, 200807 
      , 6, 200808 
      , 7, 200809 
      , 8, 200810 
      , 9, 200811 
      , 10, 200812 
      , 11, 200701 
      , 12, 200702
      , NULL)) as MONTH_NO
    , TO_NUMBER(TO_CHAR(B.last_update_date, 'YYYYMM')) as UPD_DATE
  FROM table_a A
    , table_b B
  WHERE A.identifier = B.identifier
) AS inner_table
WHERE 
  MONTH_NO > UPD_DATE

从评论中移出一些有趣的信息:

There should be no performance hit. Oracle does not need to materialize inner queries before applying outer conditions -- Oracle will consider transforming this query internally and push the predicate down into the inner query and will do so if it is cost effective. – Justin Cave