r - 如何使用 xtable 在表或数据框的列名中设置空格

Question

所以我想在数据框的列名称中的单词之间使用空格，并将数据框以 latex 格式打印为 pdf。但是，当我使用 xtable() 执行此操作时，列的名称会被连接。

例如，我希望第二列的标题看起来为“Categoria de Referencia”。相反，我得到的是:

有人知道如何解决这个问题吗？这是将数据帧转换为 latex 的 R block :

tab<-xtable(dat,caption="Efectos de las Variables sobre la Probabilidad de Conversión",digits=2)
print(tab,latex.environments = "center",include.rownames=FALSE)

这是生成数据帧的代码:

structure(list(Variable = structure(c(4L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 
2L, 1L), .Label = c("App", "Clicker", "País", "Uso"), class = "factor"), 
    Categoría.de.Referencia = structure(c(3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
    1L, 2L, 4L), .Label = c("Brasil", "Clicker", "No Acaba Unidad", 
    "No Usa App"), class = "factor"), Categoría.Considerada = structure(c(1L, 
    2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 7L, 6L, 8L), .Label = c("Acaba la Unidad", 
    "España", "Francia", "ITalia", "Méjico", "No Cliker", "Otros Países", 
    "Usa App"), class = "factor"), Variación = structure(c(8L, 
    4L, 5L, 6L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 7L), .Label = c("-0.19%", "-0.46%", 
    "-2.32%", "0.31%", "0.46%", "0.7%", "1.15%", "2.08%"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("Variable", 
"Categoría.de.Referencia", "Categoría.Considerada", "Variación"
), row.names = c(NA, -8L), class = "data.frame")

Answer 1

您最好的选择可能是使用sanitize.*选项，例如:

> print.xtable(xtable(dat),include.rownames=F,
               sanitize.colnames.function=function(x)gsub("\\."," ",x))

% latex table generated in R 3.2.1 by xtable 1.7-4 package
% Thu Aug 20 10:47:54 2015
\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{llll}
  \hline
Variable & Categoría de Referencia & Categoría Considerada & Variación \\ 
  \hline
Uso & No Acaba Unidad & Acaba la Unidad & 2.08\% \\ 
  País & Brasil & España & 0.31\% \\ 
  País & Brasil & Francia & 0.46\% \\ 
  País & Brasil & ITalia & 0.7\% \\ 
  País & Brasil & Méjico & -0.19\% \\ 
  País & Brasil & Otros Países & -0.46\% \\ 
  Clicker & Clicker & No Cliker & -2.32\% \\ 
  App & No Usa App & Usa App & 1.15\% \\ 
   \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

来自 ?print.xtable:

sanitize.text.function All non-numeric enteries (except row and column names) are sanitised in an attempt to remove characters which have special meaning for the output format. If sanitize.text.function is not NULL (the default), it should be a function taking a character vector and returning one, and will be used for the sanitization instead of the default internal function

这与 sanitize.colnames.function 相同。

如果您想要彻底修改名称(这样您就无法像上面那样通过正则表达式实现自由)，另一个选择是转换 dat到一个矩阵并设置colnames:

datmat<-as.matrix(dat)
colnames(datmat)<-c("Variable","Categoría de Referencia",
                    "Categoría Considerada", "Variación")
print.xtable(xtable(datmat),include.rownames=F)