我正在用 Java 制作俄罗斯方 block ,希望游戏在左侧进行,计分、按钮和下一 block 在右侧,如下所示:
您会注意到游戏面板上的分数正在更新,但分数面板(右侧)上的分数却没有更新。
在游戏面板上,我有分数和级别的全局变量:private int level,totalScore;
,它们被初始化为 0。
这在我的paint component()中:
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.drawString("Level: " + level, this.getWidth()/2+110, this.getHeight()/2-200);
g.drawString("Score: " + totalScore, this.getWidth()/2+110, this.getHeight()/2-170);
然后我在游戏面板中有这个代码来计算级别和得分:
public void changeLevel () {
int max = (level+1)*100;
if (totalScore >= max) {
System.out.println(max + "reached... next level");
level++;
totalScore = 0;
timer();
}
}
public int tallyScore(int totalLines) {
int score = 0;
switch (totalLines) {
case 1: score = 40 * (level + 1);
break;
case 2: score = 100 * (level + 1);
break;
case 3: score = 300 * (level + 1);
break;
case 4: score = 1200 * (level + 1);
break;
default: break;
}
return score;
}
//loop through all rows starting at bottom (12 rows)
public void checkBottomFull() {
int lines = 0;
for(int row = totalRows-1; row > 0; row--) {
while (isFull(row)) {
lines++;
clearRow(row);
}
}
totalScore += tallyScore(lines);
//check if level needs to be changed based on current score...
changeLevel();
//reset lines after score has been incremented
lines=0;
}
由于我希望分数面板显示分数,因此我在游戏面板中有这两个方法返回全局变量:
public int getScore() {
return totalScore;
}
public int getLevel() {
return level;
}
在我的分数面板 paintComponent()
中,我有 board.getLevel()
和 board.getScore()
(board
类是游戏面板),因此我可以将游戏面板分数提供给分数面板。
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawString("Level: " + board.getLevel(), this.getWidth()/2, this.getHeight()/2-130);
g.drawString("Score: " + board.getScore(), this.getWidth()/2, this.getHeight()/2-100);
但是,正如您从图片中看到的,这些分数并未更新。
有什么想法吗?
谢谢!
最佳答案
您需要将关注点分开,以便可以共享它们。考虑为 GUI 底层的逻辑和数据创建一个类,并假设您将该类称为“模型类”。然后,您可以给它一个级别和一个分数字段,并使它们成为“绑定(bind)属性”,这意味着其他类可以监听这些字段的更改。我通常通过为我的模型提供一个 SwingPropertyChangeSupport 对象并为其提供一个 addPropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListenerlistener)
和 removePropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListenerlistener)
来实现此目的,然后通知所有已注册的 PropertyChangeListener通过调用PropertyChangeSupport的火来改变。例如,
import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;
import javax.swing.event.SwingPropertyChangeSupport;
public class Model {
public static final String SCORE = "score";
public static final String LEVEL = "level";
private SwingPropertyChangeSupport pcSupport =
new SwingPropertyChangeSupport(this);
private int score;
private int level;
public void addPropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener) {
pcSupport.addPropertyChangeListener(listener);
}
public void removePropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener) {
pcSupport.removePropertyChangeListener(listener);
}
public int getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(int score) {
int oldValue = this.score;
int newValue = score;
this.score = score;
pcSupport.firePropertyChange(SCORE, oldValue, newValue);
}
public int getLevel() {
return level;
}
public void setLevel(int level) {
int oldValue = this.level;
int newValue = level;
this.level = level;
pcSupport.firePropertyChange(LEVEL, oldValue, newValue);
}
}
然后任何希望监听值变化的 GUI 或 View 组件都可以这样做。如果您正在学习 MVC 结构,下面的类(class)将“View”和“Control”结合起来:
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeListener;
public class UseModelGui {
private static void createAndShowGui() {
Panel1 panel1 = new Panel1();
Panel2 panel2 = new Panel2();
Model model = new Model();
panel1.setModel(model);
panel2.setModel(model);
JFrame frame = new JFrame("UseModelGui");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
frame.getContentPane().add(panel1);
frame.getContentPane().add(panel2);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGui();
}
});
}
}
class Panel1 extends JPanel {
private JTextField scoreField = new JTextField(2);
private JTextField levelField = new JTextField(2);
public Panel1() {
scoreField.setFocusable(false);
scoreField.setEditable(false);
levelField.setFocusable(false);
levelField.setEditable(false);
add(new JLabel("score:"));
add(scoreField);
add(new JLabel("Level:"));
add(levelField);
setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Check Values"));
}
public void setModel(Model model) {
model.addPropertyChangeListener(new PropertyChangeListener() {
@Override
public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent pcEvt) {
if (Model.LEVEL.equals(pcEvt.getPropertyName())) {
String level = pcEvt.getNewValue().toString();
levelField.setText(level);
} else if (Model.SCORE.equals(pcEvt.getPropertyName())) {
String score = pcEvt.getNewValue().toString();
scoreField.setText(score);
}
}
});
}
}
class Panel2 extends JPanel {
private JSpinner scoreSpinner = new JSpinner(new SpinnerNumberModel(0, 0,
20, 1));
private JSpinner levelSpinner = new JSpinner(new SpinnerNumberModel(0, 0,
10, 1));
private Model model;
public Panel2() {
add(new JLabel("score:"));
add(scoreSpinner);
add(new JLabel("Level:"));
add(levelSpinner);
setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Set Values"));
scoreSpinner.addChangeListener(new ChangeListener() {
@Override
public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent evt) {
int score = ((Integer) scoreSpinner.getValue()).intValue();
if (model != null) {
model.setScore(score);
}
}
});
levelSpinner.addChangeListener(new ChangeListener() {
@Override
public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent evt) {
int level = ((Integer) levelSpinner.getValue()).intValue();
if (model != null) {
model.setLevel(level);
}
}
});
}
public void setModel(Model model) {
this.model = model;
}
}
这样做的美妙之处在于,Panel1 不了解 Panel2,而 Model 也不了解其中任何一个。 Panel1 只知道模型是否发生变化。 Panel2 只知道它正在改变模型的状态。模型只知道它的状态可以改变,并且它的值可以被监听。
你是对的,在这个简单的例子中,这有点过头了,但是一旦你开始拥有复杂的数据和状态,这就有意义并且变得非常有用。
关于java - 在 JPanel 之间传递数据,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16566590/