我有一个存储过程，它将插入大量记录，现在是否有可能将数据并行插入到3个表中；
- 第一个
表插入 100 万条记录。 - 第二个
表插入 150 万条记录。 - 第三个
表插入 500k 条记录
据我所知 - 过程插入正在相继发生。
那么如何实现并行加载呢？
最佳答案
语句在 T-SQL 批处理中同步执行。要从存储过程异步并行执行多个语句，您需要使用多个并发数据库连接。请注意，异步执行的棘手部分不仅是确定所有任务何时完成，还要确定它们是成功还是失败。
方法一:SSIS包
创建一个 SSIS 包来并行执行 3 个 SQL 语句。在 SQL 2012 及更高版本中，使用 SSIS 目录存储过程运行包。在 SQL 2012 之前的版本中，您需要为包创建 SQL 代理作业并使用 sp_start_job 启动。
您需要检查 SSIS 执行状态或 SQL 代理作业状态以确定完成情况以及成功/失败结果。
方法2:Powershell和SQL代理
执行 SQL 代理作业，该作业运行 Powershell 脚本，该脚本使用 Powershell 后台作业(Start-Job 命令)并行执行查询。该脚本可以返回退出代码，零表示成功，非零表示失败，以便 SQL 代理可以确定它是否成功。检查 SQL 代理作业状态以确定完成情况以及成功/失败结果。
方法 3:多个 SQL 代理作业
同时执行多个 SQL 代理作业，每个作业都有一个包含导入脚本的 T-SQL 作业步骤。检查每个作业的 SQL Agent 作业状态以确定完成情况以及成功/失败结果。
方法 4:服务代理 使用队列激活过程并行执行导入脚本。如果您以前没有使用过 Service Broker，那么这可能会很迟钝，并且遵循经过审查的模式很重要。我提供了一个示例来帮助您入门(对于 SQL 2012 之前的版本，将 THROW 替换为 RAISERROR)。数据库必须启用 Service Broker，默认情况下启用，但在还原或附加后关闭。
USE YourDatabase;
Go
--create proc that will be automatically executed (activated) when requests are waiting
CREATE PROC dbo.ExecuteTSqlTask
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE
@TSqlJobConversationHandle uniqueidentifier = NEWID()
, @TSqlExecutionRequestMessage xml
, @TSqlExecutionResultMessage xml
, @TSqlExecutionResult varchar(10)
, @TSqlExecutionResultDetails nvarchar(MAX)
, @TSqlScript nvarchar(MAX)
, @TSqlTaskName sysname
, @RowsAffected int
, @message_type_name sysname;
WHILE 1 = 1
BEGIN
--get the next task to execute
WAITFOR (
RECEIVE TOP (1)
@TSqlJobConversationHandle = conversation_handle
, @TSqlExecutionRequestMessage = CAST(message_body AS xml)
, @message_type_name = message_type_name
FROM dbo.TSqlExecutionQueue
), TIMEOUT 1000;
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0
BEGIN
--no work to do - exit
BREAK;
END;
IF @message_type_name = N'TSqlExecutionRequest'
BEGIN
--get task name and script
SELECT
@TSqlTaskName = @TSqlExecutionRequestMessage.value('(/TSqlTaskName)[1]', 'sysname')
, @TSqlScript = @TSqlExecutionRequestMessage.value('(/TSqlScript)[1]', 'nvarchar(MAX)');
--execute script
BEGIN TRY
EXEC sp_executesql @TSqlScript;
SET @RowsAffected = @@ROWCOUNT;
SET @TSqlExecutionResult = 'Completed';
SET @TSqlExecutionResultDetails = CAST(@RowsAffected as varchar(10)) + ' rows affected';
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
SET @TSqlExecutionResult = 'Erred';
SET @TSqlExecutionResultDetails =
'Msg ' + CAST(ERROR_NUMBER() AS varchar(10))
+ ', Level ' + CAST(ERROR_SEVERITY() AS varchar(2))
+ ', State ' + CAST(ERROR_STATE() AS varchar(10))
+ ', Line ' + CAST(ERROR_LINE() AS varchar(10))
+ ': ' + ERROR_MESSAGE();
END CATCH;
--send execution result back to initiator
SET @TSqlExecutionResultMessage = '<TSqlTaskName /><TSqlExecutionResult /><TSqlExecutionResultDetails />';
SET @TSqlExecutionResultMessage.modify('insert text {sql:variable("@TSqlTaskName")} into (/TSqlTaskName)[1] ');
SET @TSqlExecutionResultMessage.modify('insert text {sql:variable("@TSqlExecutionResult")} into (/TSqlExecutionResult)[1] ');
SET @TSqlExecutionResultMessage.modify('insert text {sql:variable("@TSqlExecutionResultDetails")} into (/TSqlExecutionResultDetails)[1] ');
SEND ON CONVERSATION @TSqlJobConversationHandle
MESSAGE TYPE TSqlExecutionResult
(@TSqlExecutionResultMessage);
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF @message_type_name = N'TSqlJobComplete'
BEGIN
--service has ended conversation so we're not going to get any more execution requests
END CONVERSATION @TSqlJobConversationHandle;
END
ELSE
BEGIN
END CONVERSATION @TSqlJobConversationHandle WITH ERROR = 1 DESCRIPTION = 'Unexpected message type received by ExecuteTSqlTask';
RAISERROR('Unexpected message type received (%s) by ExecuteTSqlTask', 16, 1, @message_type_name);
END;
END;
END;
GO
CREATE QUEUE dbo.TSqlResultQueue;
CREATE QUEUE dbo.TSqlExecutionQueue
WITH STATUS=ON,
ACTIVATION (
STATUS = ON
, PROCEDURE_NAME = dbo.ExecuteTSqlTask
, MAX_QUEUE_READERS = 3 --max number of concurrent activated proc instances
, EXECUTE AS OWNER
);
CREATE MESSAGE TYPE TSqlExecutionRequest VALIDATION = WELL_FORMED_XML;
CREATE MESSAGE TYPE TSqlExecutionResult VALIDATION = WELL_FORMED_XML;
CREATE MESSAGE TYPE TSqlJobComplete VALIDATION = WELL_FORMED_XML;
CREATE CONTRACT TSqlExecutionContract (
TSqlExecutionRequest SENT BY INITIATOR
, TSqlJobComplete SENT BY INITIATOR
, TSqlExecutionResult SENT BY TARGET
);
CREATE SERVICE TSqlJobService ON QUEUE dbo.TSqlResultQueue ([TSqlExecutionContract]);
CREATE SERVICE TSqlExecutorService ON QUEUE dbo.TSqlExecutionQueue ([TSqlExecutionContract]);
GO
CREATE PROC dbo.ExecuteParallelImportScripts
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE
@TSqlJobConversationHandle uniqueidentifier
, @TSqlExecutionRequestMessage xml
, @TSqlExecutionResultMessage xml
, @TSqlExecutionResult varchar(10)
, @TSqlExecutionResultDetails nvarchar(MAX)
, @TSqlTaskName sysname
, @CompletedCount int = 0
, @ErredCount int = 0
, @message_type_name sysname;
DECLARE @TsqlTask TABLE(
TSqlTaskName sysname NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
, TSqlScript nvarchar(MAX) NOT NULL
);
BEGIN TRY
--insert a row for each import task
INSERT INTO @TsqlTask(TSqlTaskName, TSqlScript)
VALUES(N'ImportScript1', N'INSERT INTO dbo.Table1 SELECT * FROM dbo.Table1Staging;');
INSERT INTO @TsqlTask(TSqlTaskName, TSqlScript)
VALUES(N'ImportScript2', N'INSERT INTO dbo.Table2 SELECT * FROM dbo.Table2Staging;');
INSERT INTO @TsqlTask(TSqlTaskName, TSqlScript)
VALUES(N'ImportScript3', N'INSERT INTO dbo.Table3 SELECT * FROM dbo.Table3Staging;');
--start a conversation for this import process
BEGIN DIALOG CONVERSATION @TsqlJobConversationHandle
FROM SERVICE TSqlJobService
TO SERVICE 'TSqlExecutorService', 'CURRENT DATABASE'
ON CONTRACT TSqlExecutionContract
WITH ENCRYPTION = OFF;
--send import tasks to executor service for parallel execution
DECLARE JobTasks CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD FOR
SELECT (SELECT TSqlTaskName, TSqlScript
FROM @TsqlTask AS task
WHERE task.TSqlTaskName = job.TSqlTaskName
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE) AS TSqlExecutionRequest
FROM @TsqlTask AS job;
OPEN JobTasks;
WHILE 1 = 1
BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM JobTasks INTO @TSqlExecutionRequestMessage;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS = -1 BREAK;
SEND ON CONVERSATION @TSqlJobConversationHandle
MESSAGE TYPE TSqlExecutionRequest
(@TSqlExecutionRequestMessage);
END;
CLOSE JobTasks;
DEALLOCATE JobTasks;
--get each parallel task execution result until all are complete
WHILE 1 = 1
BEGIN
--get next task result
WAITFOR (
RECEIVE TOP (1)
@TSqlExecutionResultMessage = CAST(message_body AS xml)
, @message_type_name = message_type_name
FROM dbo.TSqlResultQueue
WHERE conversation_handle = @TSqlJobConversationHandle
), TIMEOUT 1000;
IF @@ROWCOUNT <> 0
BEGIN
IF @message_type_name = N'TSqlExecutionResult'
BEGIN
--get result of import script execution
SELECT
@TSqlTaskName = @TSqlExecutionResultMessage.value('(/TSqlTaskName)[1]', 'sysname')
, @TSqlExecutionResult = @TSqlExecutionResultMessage.value('(/TSqlExecutionResult)[1]', 'varchar(10)')
, @TSqlExecutionResultDetails = COALESCE(@TSqlExecutionResultMessage.value('(/TSqlExecutionResultDetails)[1]', 'nvarchar(MAX)'), N'');
RAISERROR('Import task %s %s: %s', 0, 0, @TSqlTaskName, @TSqlExecutionResult, @TSqlExecutionResultDetails) WITH NOWAIT;
IF @TSqlExecutionResult = 'Completed'
BEGIN
SET @CompletedCount += 1;
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @ErredCount += 1;
END;
--remove task from tracking table after completion
DELETE FROM @TSqlTask
WHERE TSqlTaskName = @TSqlTaskName;
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM @TsqlTask)
BEGIN
--all tasks are done - send TSqlJobComplete message to instruct executor service to end conversation
SEND ON CONVERSATION @TSqlJobConversationHandle
MESSAGE TYPE TSqlJobComplete;
END
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF @message_type_name = N'http://schemas.microsoft.com/SQL/ServiceBroker/EndDialog'
BEGIN
--executor service has ended conversation so we're done
END CONVERSATION @TSqlJobConversationHandle;
BREAK;
END
ELSE
BEGIN
END CONVERSATION @TSqlJobConversationHandle WITH ERROR = 1 DESCRIPTION = 'Unexpected message type received by ExecuteParallelInserts';
RAISERROR('Unexpected message type received (%s) by ExecuteParallelInserts', 16, 1, @message_type_name);
END;
END
END;
END;
RAISERROR('Import processing completed. CompletedCount=%d, ErredCount=%d.', 0, 0, @CompletedCount, @ErredCount);
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
THROW;
END CATCH;
GO
--execute import scripts in parallel
EXEC dbo.ExecuteParallelImportScripts;
GO
关于sql - 如何在三个不同的表中并行插入数据，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39632229/