我修改了 django-cookiecutter 默认生产模板,使 caddy Web 服务器提供静态文件。我使用卷通过主机 ./static
映射 django 和 caddy 容器中的 ./static
目录目录,但当 docker 在尝试创建 ./static
的子文件夹时执行 python manage.pycollectstatic --noinput
时,我收到权限错误。
但是,如果我不在 django 容器的 Dockerfile 中切换到 django
用户,因此以 root 身份执行 collectstatic
,则一切正常。我猜容器中的 django 用户不允许写入主机目录,即使 chown -R django/app/static 已成功执行。
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/app/manage.py", line 30, in <\module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
...
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/collectfast/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 111, in copy_file
self.do_copy_file(args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/collectfast/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 100, in do_copy_file
path, prefixed_path, source_storage)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 354, in copy_file
self.storage.save(prefixed_path, source_file)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 49, in save
return self._save(name, content)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 236, in _save
os.makedirs(directory)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/os.py", line 220, in makedirs
mkdir(name, mode)
PermissionError:
[Errno 13] Permission denied: '/app/static/sass'
我尝试在主机内部尝试chown -R systemd-timesync:root static
,预先以root身份在主机内部创建./static
文件夹,并添加RUN mkdir/app/static && chown -R django/app/static
到 django 容器的 Dockerfile(以容器的 root 用户身份执行)。
docker-compose.yml
version: '3'
volumes:
production_postgres_data: {}
production_postgres_data_backups: {}
production_caddy: {}
services:
django:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: ./compose/production/django/Dockerfile
volumes:
- ./static:/app/static
depends_on:
- postgres
- redis
env_file:
- ./.envs/.production/.django
- ./.envs/.production/.postgres
command: /start
postgres:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: ./compose/production/postgres/Dockerfile
volumes:
- production_postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
- production_postgres_data_backups:/backups
env_file:
- ./.envs/.production/.postgres
caddy:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: ./compose/production/caddy/Dockerfile
depends_on:
- django
volumes:
- production_caddy:/root/.caddy
- ./static:/srv/static
env_file:
- ./.envs/.production/.caddy
ports:
- "0.0.0.0:80:80"
- "0.0.0.0:443:443"
redis:
image: redis:3.2
Django 容器 Dockerfile
FROM nickgryg/alpine-pandas
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
RUN apk update \
# psycopg2 dependencies
&& apk add --virtual build-deps gcc python3-dev musl-dev \
&& apk add postgresql-dev \
# Pillow dependencies
&& apk add jpeg-dev zlib-dev freetype-dev lcms2-dev openjpeg-dev tiff-dev tk-dev tcl-dev \
# CFFI dependencies
&& apk add libffi-dev py-cffi \
# lxml dependencies
&& apk add libxml2-dev libxslt-dev
RUN addgroup -S django \
&& adduser -S -G django django
# Requirements are installed here to ensure they will be cached.
COPY ./requirements /requirements
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r /requirements/production.txt \
&& rm -rf /requirements
COPY ./compose/production/django/entrypoint /entrypoint
RUN sed -i 's/\r//' /entrypoint
RUN chmod +x /entrypoint
RUN chown django /entrypoint
COPY ./compose/production/django/start /start
RUN sed -i 's/\r//' /start
RUN chmod +x /start
RUN chown django /start
COPY . /app
RUN chown -R django /app
USER django
WORKDIR /app
ENTRYPOINT ["/entrypoint"]
django容器启动脚本
#!/bin/sh
set -o errexit
set -o pipefail
set -o nounset
python /app/manage.py collectstatic --noinput
/usr/local/bin/gunicorn config.wsgi --bind 0.0.0.0:5000 --chdir=/app
我不希望我的容器以 root 身份执行,所以我正在寻找任何解决方案/想法。
最佳答案
终于找到了除以 root
身份执行 collectstatic
之外的解决方法。
正如我怀疑的那样,问题出在 docker 的权限上,我们应该授予 Docker 在/static 文件夹中创建文件夹的权限,该文件夹由 django Docker 容器内的 django 用户拥有。我们可以做到这一点,知道 userId
在主机系统和容器之间是相同的,通过运行
docker-compose run django id -u django
它输出系统中django
用户的userId
。例如,uid
是 100
。然后运行(不确定gid
,但当gid
= uid
+ 1时它可以工作)
chown -R 100:101 /static
如果我们运行ls -lh
,我们可以看到static
文件夹属于systemd-network
,它有点像Docker用户映射到 uid = 100
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K Sep 27 11:23 compose
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Nov 27 12:09 config
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Nov 14 02:04 docs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Sep 27 11:23 locale
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1.1K Sep 27 12:56 manage.py
...
drwxr-xr-x 11 systemd-network systemd-journal 4.0K Nov 21 22:15 static
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Nov 27 13:37 utils
应该能解决问题。请注意,重建django
用户的容器uid
后,用户可能会更改,并且错误将再次出现,因此您必须重复此操作。
欢迎每个对 Docker 工作原理有更多了解的人来解释这里发生的事情,我会接受他的答案。
关于django - 运行collectstatic时django Docker容器内的mkdir权限被拒绝,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53366873/