java - Spring 测试对于不安全的 URL 返回 401

Question

我正在使用 Spring 进行 MVC 测试

这是我的测试类

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest
public class ITIndexController {

    @Autowired
    WebApplicationContext context;

    MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    UserRegistrationApplicationService userRegistrationApplicationService;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
                        .webAppContextSetup(context)
                        .apply(springSecurity())
                        .build();
    }

    @Test
    public void should_render_index() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(view().name("index"))
            .andExpect(content().string(containsString("Login")));
    }
}

这是 MVC 配置

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
public class MvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/login/form").setViewName("login");
    }
}

这是安全配置

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("customUserDetailsService")
    UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/resources/**", "/signup", "/signup/form", "/").permitAll()
            .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
            .formLogin()
                .loginPage("/login/form").permitAll().loginProcessingUrl("/login").permitAll()
                .and()
            .logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/login/form?logout").permitAll()
                .and()
            .csrf().disable();
    }

    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobalFromDatabase(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService);
    }
}

当我运行测试时，它失败并显示消息:

java.lang.AssertionError: Status expected:<200> but was:<401>
at org.springframework.test.util.AssertionErrors.fail(AssertionErrors.java:54)
at org.springframework.test.util.AssertionErrors.assertEquals(AssertionErrors.java:81)
at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.StatusResultMatchers$10.match(StatusResultMatchers.java:664)
at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc$1.andExpect(MockMvc.java:171)
at com.marco.nutri.integration.web.controller.ITIndexController.should_render_index(ITIndexController.java:46)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:252)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

我知道它失败是因为 URL 受到 Spring Security 的保护，但是当我运行我的应用程序时，即使没有经过身份验证，我也可以访问该 URL。

我做错了什么吗？

Answer 1

我找到了答案
Spring 文档说:

@WebMvcTest will auto-configure the Spring MVC infrastructure and limit scanned beans to @Controller, @ControllerAdvice, @JsonComponent, Filter, WebMvcConfigurer and HandlerMethodArgumentResolver. Regular @Component beans will not be scanned when using this annotation.

根据 github 中的这个问题:

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues/5476

如果 spring-security-test 存在于类路径中(在我的例子中是)，@WebMvcTest 默认情况下会自动配置 spring security。

因此，由于未选择 WebSecurityConfigurer 类，因此默认安全性是自动配置的，这就是我在 url 中收到 401 的动机，而该 401 在我的安全配置中并未受到保护。 Spring Security 默认自动配置通过基本身份验证保护所有 url。

我解决这个问题的方法是用@ContextConfiguration和@MockBean注释该类，就像文档中描述的那样:

Often @WebMvcTest will be limited to a single controller and used in combination with @MockBean to provide mock implementations for required collaborators.

这是测试类

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest
@ContextConfiguration(classes={Application.class, MvcConfig.class, SecurityConfig.class})
public class ITIndex {

    @Autowired
    WebApplicationContext context;

    MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    UserRegistrationApplicationService userRegistrationApplicationService;

    @MockBean
    UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
                        .webAppContextSetup(context)
                        .apply(springSecurity())
                        .build();
    }

    @Test
    public void should_render_index() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(view().name("index"))
            .andExpect(content().string(containsString("Login")));
    }
}

Application、MvcConfig 和 SecurityConfig 都是我的配置类