gcc - 链接可执行文件时查找共享库依赖项

Question

我正在尝试在 Ubuntu 12.04(32 位)构建系统上为 ARM 主机交叉编译 gstreamer。 i686-linux-gnu GCC 不会发生我将要描述的所有情况。我正在使用这个 gcc 在 Ubuntu 12.04 上进行编译:

> arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/4.6/lto-wrapper
Target: arm-linux-gnueabihf
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5'
--with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.6/README.Bugs
--enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.6
--enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib
--without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix
--with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include/c++/4.6.3 --libdir=/usr/lib
--enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes
--enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-plugin --enable-objc-gc --enable-multilib
--disable-sjlj-exceptions --with-arch=armv7-a --with-float=hard --with-fpu=vfpv3-d16
--with-mode=thumb --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --build=i686-linux-gnu
--host=i686-linux-gnu --target=arm-linux-gnueabihf --program-prefix=arm-linux-gnueabihf-
--includedir=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include
--with-headers=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include
--with-libs=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.6.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5)

还有这个 ld:

arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld -v GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.22

GCC 是从默认的 Ubuntu 12.04 PPA 安装的。当构建系统开始链接 gst-discoverer-1.0 可执行文件时，我收到以下错误:

/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/ld: warning: liborc-0.4.so.0, needed by ../gst-libs/gst/video/.libs/libgstvideo-1.0.so, not found (try using -rpath or -rpath-link)
../gst-libs/gst/video/.libs/libgstvideo-1.0.so: undefined reference to `orc_program_compile'
../gst-libs/gst/video/.libs/libgstvideo-1.0.so: undefined reference to `orc_program_set_backup_function'
../gst-libs/gst/video/.libs/libgstvideo-1.0.so: undefined reference to `orc_program_new_from_static_bytecode'
../gst-libs/gst/video/.libs/libgstvideo-1.0.so: undefined reference to `orc_program_free'
../gst-libs/gst/video/.libs/libgstvideo-1.0.so: undefined reference to `orc_once_mutex_lock'
../gst-libs/gst/video/.libs/libgstvideo-1.0.so: undefined reference to `orc_program_take_code'
../gst-libs/gst/video/.libs/libgstvideo-1.0.so: undefined reference to `orc_once_mutex_unlock'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

gst-discoverer-1.0 依赖于 libgstvideo-1.0.so。 libgstvideo-1.0.so(在此过程的早期已成功构建)依赖于 liborc-0.4.so。使用arm-linux-gnueabihf-readelf -a 检查 libgstvideo-1.0.so 会产生以下代码片段:

Dynamic section at offset 0x29ed8 contains 33 entries:
  Tag        Type                         Name/Value
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libgstbase-1.0.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libgstreamer-1.0.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libgobject-2.0.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libglib-2.0.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [liborc-0.4.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libgcc_s.so.1]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libpthread.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libc.so.6]
 0x0000000e (SONAME)                     Library soname: [libgstvideo-1.0.so.0]
 0x0000000f (RPATH)                      Library rpath: [/home/test/gst/gstreamer/gstreamer/libs/gst/base/.libs:/
home/test/gst/gstreamer/gstreamer/gst/.libs:/home/test/gst/gstreamer/orc/orc/.libs]

RPATH 条目中 liborc-0.4.so 的路径正确。 gst-discoverer-1.0 的链接行不包含对 liborc 的引用，因为它不直接依赖于它(仅通过 libgstvideo-1.0.so 间接依赖)。我尝试将“-rpath-link=/home/test/gst/gstreamer/orc/orc/.libs”添加到我的 LDFLAGS，但它不起作用。关于为什么交叉编译链接器无法找到此共享库的依赖项有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

看来我走在正确的轨道上，但我将 -rpath-link 传递给 ld (在我的配置行上使用 LDFLAGS)。由于实际上是 gcc 进行链接，因此我需要使用 CFLAGS 和 -Wl 参数，如下所示:

./configure CFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath=/home/test/gst/gstreamer/orc/orc/libs"

According to some ，交叉链接器中可能存在错误。