Spring boot Autowired在配置类中不起作用

Question

我有一个 Spring Boot 应用程序，它使用 Redis 服务器进行缓存。我使用 Spring RedisTemplate 连接到 Redis 服务器。我在 @Configuration 类中配置 Redis 参数。然而，redis url 和端口存储在 DB 中，相应的 DAO 作为成员包含在另一个类中(该类还包含大量其他全局信息)。我试图在 Configuration 类中 Autowiring 父类，但出现错误。这是我的代码:

@Configuration
public class MyConfiguration {
    @Autowired
    protected GlobalPropertiesLoader globalPropertiesLoader;

    @Bean
    JedisConnectionFactory jedisConnectionFactory() {
        JedisConnectionFactory factory = new JedisConnectionFactory();
        GlobalPropertiesDAO globalPropertiesDAO = globalPropertiesLoader.getGlobalProperties();

        factory.setHostName(globalPropertiesDAO.getRedisUrl());
        factory.setPort(globalPropertiesDAO.getRedisPort());
        factory.setUsePool(true);
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    RedisTemplate< String, Object > redisTemplate() {
        final RedisTemplate< String, Object > template =  new RedisTemplate< String, Object >();
        template.setConnectionFactory( jedisConnectionFactory() );
        template.setKeySerializer( new StringRedisSerializer() );
        template.setHashValueSerializer( new GenericToStringSerializer< Object >( Object.class ) );
        template.setValueSerializer( new GenericToStringSerializer< Object >( Object.class ) );
        return template;
    }
}

GlobalPropertiesLoader 是包含 DAO (GlobalPropertiesDAO) 作为对象的类。当我尝试运行我的应用程序时，出现以下错误:

Exception in thread "main" 
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.mypkg.CommonsConfiguration': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: protected com.utils.GlobalPropertiesLoader com.mypkg.CommonsConfiguration.globalPropertiesLoader; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.utils.GlobalPropertiesLoader] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:334)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1202)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:303)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:299)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1127)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1051)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:949)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:533)
    ... 50 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: protected com.utils.GlobalPropertiesLoader com.mypkg.CommonsConfiguration.globalPropertiesLoader; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.utils.GlobalPropertiesLoader] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:561)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:331)
    ... 61 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.utils.GlobalPropertiesLoader] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1308)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1054)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:949)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:533)

这里有什么问题吗？是否无法在 @Configuration 类中 Autowiring ？因为我能够在其他类中 Autowiring 同一类。

:::::::::::::::::::::编辑::::::::::::::::::::

我尝试了@Import，如下所示:

@Configuration
@Import({GlobalPropertiesLoader.class})
public class CommonsConfiguration {
    @Autowired
    GlobalPropertiesLoader globalPropertiesLoader;
    ....
}

但是，当我这样做时，出现以下错误:

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.utils.GlobalPropertiesLoader': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: public com.persistence.repositories.GlobalPropertiesRepository com.utils.GlobalPropertiesLoader.globalPropertiesRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.persistence.repositories.GlobalPropertiesRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:334)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1202)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:303)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:299)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1127)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1051)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:949)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:533)
    ... 63 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: public com.persistence.repositories.GlobalPropertiesRepository com.utils.GlobalPropertiesLoader.globalPropertiesRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.persistence.repositories.GlobalPropertiesRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:561)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:331)
    ... 74 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.persistence.repositories.GlobalPropertiesRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1308)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1054)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:949)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:533)

这是 GlobalPropertiesLoader 类:

@Component
@Scope("singleton")
public class GlobalPropertiesLoader {
    @Autowired
    public GlobalPropertiesRepository globalPropertiesRepository;
    private GlobalPropertiesDAO globalProperties;
/*
     * Load GlobalProperties once upon loading the context.
     */
    @PostConstruct
    public void init(){
        globalProperties = globalPropertiesRepository.findOne(1L);
        ....
    }
}

和 GlobalPropertiesRepository java:

@Repository
public interface GlobalPropertiesRepository extends CrudRepository<GlobalPropertiesDAO, Long>{      
}

谢谢。

Answer 1

@Import是将一个配置类添加到另一个配置类中。

http://docs.spring.io/spring-javaconfig/docs/1.0.0.M4/reference/html/ch04s03.html

@ComponentScan 用于扫描代码中声明的组件，例如 @Service、@Component、@Repository 等。

http://docs.spring.io/spring-javaconfig/docs/1.0.0.M4/reference/html/ch06s02.html

我认为您需要在配置类中添加@ComponentScan，以便它可以使用您的组件类扫描包。

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = "org.foo.path.baseFolder")
public class MyConfiguration {
    @Autowired
    protected GlobalPropertiesLoader globalPropertiesLoader;