java - 尝试使用 struts-jquery-tags 但遇到多个异常？

Question

我将使用struts-jquery taglib ，但应用程序会抛出以下错误。基于this question ，我把struts改成了struts2，并且基于this one我将 bean 添加到了 struts.xml 文件中，但没有效果。

 <%@ taglib prefix="sj" uri="/struts2-jquery-tags" %>

异常(exception)

ERROR [CommonsLogger.java:38] Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/C:/Users/Alex/Projects/Myproject/target/Myproject-1.0/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-jquery-grid-plugin-3.7.0.jar!/struts-plugin.xml:27:152

Caused by: Unable to load bean: type:org.apache.struts2.views.TagLibraryDirectiveProvider class:com.jgeppert.struts2.jquery.grid.views.JqueryGridTagLibrary - bean - jar:file:/C:/Users/Alex/Projects/Myproject/target/Myproject-1.0/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-jquery-grid-plugin-3.7.0.jar!/struts-plugin.xml:27:152

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/struts2/views/TagLibraryDirectiveProvider

Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.struts2.views.TagLibraryDirectiveProvider
    at org.glassfish.web.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1761)
    at org.glassfish.web.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1611)
    ... 63 more

SEVERE:   WebModule[]Exception starting filter struts2
java.lang.InstantiationException
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:135)

Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/C:/Users/Alex/Projects/Myproject/target/Myproject-1.0/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-jquery-grid-plugin-3.7.0.jar!/struts-plugin.xml:27:152

Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/C:/Users/Alex/Projects/Myproject/target/Myproject-1.0/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-jquery-grid-plugin-3.7.0.jar!/struts-plugin.xml:27:152

Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/C:/Users/Alex/Projects/Myproject/target/Myproject-1.0/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-jquery-grid-plugin-3.7.0.jar!/struts-plugin.xml:27:152

Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/C:/Users/Alex/Projects/Myproject/target/Myproject-1.0/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-jquery-grid-plugin-3.7.0.jar!/struts-plugin.xml:27:152

Caused by: Unable to load bean: type:org.apache.struts2.views.TagLibraryDirectiveProvider class:com.jgeppert.struts2.jquery.grid.views.JqueryGridTagLibrary - bean - jar:file:/C:/Users/Alex/Projects/Myproject/target/Myproject-1.0/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-jquery-grid-plugin-3.7.0.jar!/struts-plugin.xml:27:152

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/struts2/views/TagLibraryDirectiveProvider

Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.struts2.views.TagLibraryDirectiveProvider

POM.xml

  <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.8</version>
        </dependency>
   <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.14</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-dojo-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.14</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts-taglib</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.10</version>
        </dependency>
   <dependency>
        <groupId>com.jgeppert.struts2.jquery</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-jquery-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.7.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.jgeppert.struts2.jquery</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-jquery-grid-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.7.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.jgeppert.struts2.jquery</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-jquery-richtext-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.7.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.jgeppert.struts2.jquery</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-jquery-tree-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.7.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.jgeppert.struts2.jquery</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-jquery-mobile-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.7.0</version>
    </dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
    <artifactId>struts-annotations</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.11</version>
</dependency>
            <dependency>
    <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
    <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.20</version>
</dependency>
          <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId>
    <artifactId>velocity</artifactId>
    <version>1.7</version>
</dependency>

Answer 1

您有依赖性问题:

class TagLibraryDirectiveProvider 存在于 struts2-core jar 中，但版本(2.3.16)比您声明的(2.3.8)更新: http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/struts2-core/apidocs/org/apache/struts2/views/TagLibraryDirectiveProvider.html

升级依赖就这么简单。