java - 在tomcat8中启动.war servlet

Question

我有一个 servlet 应用程序，正在尝试部署到本地 tomcat 实例。起初，我尝试使用 tomcat 管理器应用程序进行部署，但被告知有一种更简单的方法 - 只需将 .war 放入 webapps 文件夹中。(/etc/tomcat8/webapps/ 在我的机器上)

重新启动 tomcat 服务后，出现错误:

    Job for tomcat8.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status tomcat8.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

journalctl -xe 输出如下:

......
session opened for user root by martini(uid=0)
mar 29 14:23:17 martini-XPS-13-9350 polkitd(authority=local)[737]: Registered Authentication Agent for unix-process:9719:7772642 (system bus name :1.160 [/usr/bin/pkttyagent --notify-fd 5 --fallback], object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale en_US.UTF-8)
mar 29 14:23:17 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: Stopped LSB: Start Tomcat..
-- Subject: Unit tomcat8.service has finished shutting down
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit tomcat8.service has finished shutting down.
mar 29 14:23:17 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Start Tomcat....
-- Subject: Unit tomcat8.service has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit tomcat8.service has begun starting up.
mar 29 14:23:17 martini-XPS-13-9350 tomcat8[9728]: * Starting Tomcat servlet engine tomcat8
mar 29 14:23:22 martini-XPS-13-9350 tomcat8[9728]: ...fail!
mar 29 14:23:22 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: tomcat8.service: Control process exited, code=exited status=1
mar 29 14:23:22 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Start Tomcat..
-- Subject: Unit tomcat8.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit tomcat8.service has failed.
-- 
-- The result is failed.
mar 29 14:23:22 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: tomcat8.service: Unit entered failed state.
mar 29 14:23:22 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: tomcat8.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
mar 29 14:23:22 martini-XPS-13-9350 polkitd(authority=local)[737]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:9719:7772642 (system bus name :1.160, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale en_US.UTF-8) (disconnected from bus)
mar 29 14:23:22 martini-XPS-13-9350 sudo[9718]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root

我怀疑这是我的本地环境(新安装的)上的配置错误，但无法弄清楚它到底是什么!我尝试重新安装，但过了一会儿我又陷入了同样的死胡同......有什么想法吗？

编辑:这是 systemctl status tomcat8.service 的输出:

➜  ~ systemctl status tomcat8.service
● tomcat8.service - LSB: Start Tomcat.
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/tomcat8)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since tis 2016-03-29 17:05:45 CEST; 14s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 3724 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/tomcat8 start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

mar 29 17:05:40 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: Stopped LSB: Start Tomcat..
mar 29 17:05:40 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Start Tomcat....
mar 29 17:05:40 martini-XPS-13-9350 tomcat8[3724]: * Starting Tomcat servlet engine tomcat8
mar 29 17:05:45 martini-XPS-13-9350 tomcat8[3724]: ...fail!
mar 29 17:05:45 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: tomcat8.service: Control process exited, code=exited status=1
mar 29 17:05:45 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Start Tomcat..
mar 29 17:05:45 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: tomcat8.service: Unit entered failed state.
mar 29 17:05:45 martini-XPS-13-9350 systemd[1]: tomcat8.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
➜  ~ 

Answer 1

我发现这里的终端输出有点误导。显然有一个名为 Catalina.log 的日志文件(在 ubuntu 上默认为 /var/lib/tomcat8/conf/catalina.log)。这就是我烦恼的真正原因。显然我的 server.xml 配置有问题(文件丢失)。

这里更广泛的教训是 - 当 Tomcat 遇到问题时检查您的 catalina.log!