java - 将 JSON 写入文件会给出什么结果？

Question

我有一个 JSON 文件，其中包含不同的国家/地区和语言名称等。我想将其精简为我正在做的事情所需/想要的信息。例如我想转

[{
    "name": {
        "common": "Afghanistan",
        "official": "Islamic Republic of Afghanistan",
        "native": {
            "common": "\u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646",
            "official": "\u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a"
        }
    },
    "tld": [".af"],
    "cca2": "AF",
    "ccn3": "004",
    "cca3": "AFG",
    "currency": ["AFN"],
    "callingCode": ["93"],
    "capital": "Kabul",
    "altSpellings": ["AF", "Af\u0121\u0101nist\u0101n"],
    "relevance": "0",
    "region": "Asia",
    "subregion": "Southern Asia",
    "nativeLanguage": "pus",
    "languages": {
        "prs": "Dari",
        "pus": "Pashto",
        "tuk": "Turkmen"
    },
    "translations": {
        "cym": "Affganistan",
        "deu": "Afghanistan",
        "fra": "Afghanistan",
        "hrv": "Afganistan",
        "ita": "Afghanistan",
        "jpn": "\u30a2\u30d5\u30ac\u30cb\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3",
        "nld": "Afghanistan",
        "rus": "\u0410\u0444\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d",
        "spa": "Afganist\u00e1n"
    },
    "latlng": [33, 65],
    "demonym": "Afghan",
    "borders": ["IRN", "PAK", "TKM", "UZB", "TJK", "CHN"],
    "area": 652230
}, ...

进入

[{
    "name": {
        "common": "Afghanistan",
        "native": {
            "common": "\u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646"
        }
    },
    "cca2": "AF"
}, ...

但是当我尝试时我得到了

[{
    "name": {
        "common": "Afghanistan",
        "native": {
            "common": "?????????"   <-- NOT WHAT I WANT
        }
    },
    "cca2": "AF"
},

这是我用来删除我不想要的内容的重要代码。

byte[] encoded = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("countries.json"));
String JSONString =  new String(encoded, Charset.forName("US-ASCII"));
...
Writer writer = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("countriesBetter.json"), "US-ASCII");
writer.write(javaObject.toString());
writer.close();

我不明白为什么它将文本变成问号。我尝试了几种字符集都没有成功。当我使用 UTF-8 时，我得到 ا�غانستان

请帮助我。谢谢。

Answer 1

\u0627 是 unicode 而不是 ascii，你不能用 ascii 表示阿拉伯字符 - 因此是 ?。有关 utf 格式之间的差异，请参阅 Difference between UTF-8 and UTF-16?

当您以 UTF-8 写入时，您需要以相同的编码读取，以便“记事本”知道如何显示它所拥有的字节。如果您使用该编码将其读回 java，它将不会改变。