当我想编译我的 opengl 代码时,出现以下错误:
Error 1 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__glewInit@0
Error 2 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__glewGetErrorString@4
Error 3 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewAttachShader
Error 4 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewCompileShader
Error 5 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewCreateProgram
Error 6 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewCreateShader
Error 7 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewDeleteProgram
Error 8 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewDisableVertexAttribArray
Error 9 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewEnableVertexAttribArray
Error 10 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewGetAttribLocation
Error 11 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewGetProgramiv
Error 12 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewGetShaderiv
Error 13 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewLinkProgram
Error 16 error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __imp____glewVertexAttribPointer
Error 17 error LNK1120: 16 unresolved externals
我的代码是:
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <glew.h>
#include <gl\GL.h>
#include <freeglut.h>
using namespace std;
GLuint program;
GLint attribute_coord2d;
int init_resources(void)
{
GLint compile_ok = GL_FALSE, link_ok = GL_FALSE;
GLuint vs = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
const char *vs_source =
#ifdef GL_ES_VERSION_2_0
"#version 100\n" // OpenGL ES 2.0
#else
"#version 120\n" // OpenGL 2.1
#endif
"attribute vec2 coord2d; "
"void main(void) { "
" gl_Position = vec4(coord2d, 0.0, 1.0); "
"}";
glShaderSource(vs, 1, &vs_source, NULL);
glCompileShader(vs);
glGetShaderiv(vs, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &compile_ok);
if (0 == compile_ok)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Error in vertex shader\n");
return 0;
}
GLuint fs = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
const char *fs_source =
"#version 120 \n"
"void main(void) { "
" gl_FragColor[0] = 0.0; "
" gl_FragColor[1] = 0.0; "
" gl_FragColor[2] = 1.0; "
"}";
glShaderSource(fs, 1, &fs_source, NULL);
glCompileShader(fs);
glGetShaderiv(fs, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &compile_ok);
if (!compile_ok) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error in fragment shader\n");
return 0;
}
program = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(program, vs);
glAttachShader(program, fs);
glLinkProgram(program);
glGetProgramiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, &link_ok);
if (!link_ok) {
fprintf(stderr, "glLinkProgram:");
return 0;
}
const char* attribute_name = "coord2d";
attribute_coord2d = glGetAttribLocation(program, attribute_name);
if (attribute_coord2d == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not bind attribute %s\n", attribute_name);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
void onDisplay()
{
/* Clear the background as white */
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glUseProgram(program);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(attribute_coord2d);
GLfloat triangle_vertices[] = {
0.0, 0.8,
-0.8, -0.8,
0.8, -0.8,
};
/* Describe our vertices array to OpenGL (it can't guess its format automatically) */
glVertexAttribPointer(
attribute_coord2d, // attribute
2, // number of elements per vertex, here (x,y)
GL_FLOAT, // the type of each element
GL_FALSE, // take our values as-is
0, // no extra data between each position
triangle_vertices // pointer to the C array
);
/* Push each element in buffer_vertices to the vertex shader */
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
glDisableVertexAttribArray(attribute_coord2d);
/* Display the result */
glutSwapBuffers();
}
void free_resources()
{
glDeleteProgram(program);
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
/* Glut-related initialising functions */
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA|GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(640, 480);
glutCreateWindow("My First Triangle");
/* Extension wrangler initialising */
GLenum glew_status = glewInit();
if (glew_status != GLEW_OK)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", glewGetErrorString(glew_status));
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
/* When all init functions runs without errors,
the program can initialise the resources */
if (1 == init_resources())
{
/* We can display it if everything goes OK */
glutDisplayFunc(onDisplay);
glutMainLoop();
}
/* If the program exits in the usual way,
free resources and exit with a success */
free_resources();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
我尝试了所有方法,包括显式调整链接器选项(包括 .lib 文件)、指定包含与这些错误相关的阅读论坛的路径等等,但都没有帮助,你们能帮我解决这个问题吗?
最佳答案
我从 http://glew.sourceforge.net/index.html 得到了 glew 二进制文件( https://sourceforge.net/projects/glew/files/glew/1.9.0/glew-1.9.0-win32.zip/download ) 和来自 http://www.transmissionzero.co.uk/software/freeglut-devel/ 的 freeglut 2.8.0 MSVC 包( http://files.transmissionzero.co.uk/software/development/GLUT/freeglut-MSVC.zip )
我将包含路径设置为 glew-1.9.0\include\
, freeglut\include\
和库路径 freeglut\lib\
, glew-1.9.0\lib\
.
我将您的文件标题更正为
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <gl/glew.h>
#include <gl/GL.h>
#include <gl/freeglut.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "glew32.lib")
链接成功,成功。
UPD
使用第三方库时,通常:
- 您必须将包含路径设置为
<3rdPartyDir>\include
, 但不是<3rdPartyDir>\include\lib_name
.在源代码中声明它应该是:
正确:#include <lib_name/header_name.h>
错误:#include <header_name.h>
,因为在库中可以是内部依赖项,例如 #include <lib_name/other_header_name.h>
- 将库路径设置为
<3rdPartyDir>\lib
.然后,您必须指定所需的库,可以使用以下方法之一:
对于 MSVC,添加
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma comment(lib, "lib1_name.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "lib2_name.lib")
/// etc
#endif
或者,将所需的库添加到链接器选项。
一些库支持自动链接机制(例如,freeglut),即头文件包含类似#pragma comment(lib, "lib1_name.lib")
的行
- 从
<3rdPartyDir>\bin
复制所需的 dll至<MyExePath>\
关于c++ - 错误 LNK2019 : unresolved external symbol,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13339444/