java - 序列化和反序列化类似 Trie 的数据结构

Question

我正在尝试序列化和反序列化类似 Trie 的数据结构，该结构在每个节点中都有数据/字符。所以要形成一个完整的单词，需要从根节点遍历到叶子节点。

序列化和反序列化应该是前序遍历，即以 DFS 方法处理子级。

# 标记该节点的遍历结束，即类似 trie 的节点不再有任何子节点。

这是我尝试过的。

public class SerializeDeserialize {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // prepare TrieNode Tree
        TrieNodeSD root = buildTrienodeTree();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        serialize(root, sb);
        sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1);
        System.out.println(sb.toString());
        System.out.println();
        TrieNodeSD newRoot = deserialize(sb.toString().split(","), new int[] {0});
        StringBuilder newsb = new StringBuilder();
        serialize(newRoot, newsb);
        newsb.deleteCharAt(newsb.length()-1);
        System.out.println(newsb.toString());
    }

    private static void serialize(TrieNodeSD node, StringBuilder sb) {
        if (node == null) return;
        sb.append(node.character + ",");
        if (node.characters != null && node.characters.size() > 0) {
            for (Character c : node.characters.keySet()) {
                serialize(node.characters.get(c), sb);
            }
        }
        sb.append("#,");
    }

    // DOESN'T WORK!!
    private static TrieNodeSD deserialize(String[] data, int[] t) {
        if (t[0] >= (data.length-1) || data[t[0]].equals("#")) return null;
        TrieNodeSD node = new TrieNodeSD(data[t[0]].charAt(0));
        t[0] = t[0] + 1;
        TrieNodeSD child = deserialize(data, t);
        if (child != null) node.characters.put(child.character, child);
        return node;
    }

    private static TrieNodeSD buildTrienodeTree() {
        TrieNodeSD root = new TrieNodeSD('A');

        root.characters.put('B', new TrieNodeSD('B'));
        root.characters.get('B').characters.put('E', new TrieNodeSD('E'));
        root.characters.get('B').characters.put('F', new TrieNodeSD('F'));
        root.characters.get('B').characters.get('F').characters.put('K', new TrieNodeSD('K'));

        root.characters.put('C', new TrieNodeSD('C'));

        root.characters.put('D', new TrieNodeSD('D'));
        root.characters.get('D').characters.put('G', new TrieNodeSD('G'));
        root.characters.get('D').characters.put('H', new TrieNodeSD('H'));
        root.characters.get('D').characters.put('I', new TrieNodeSD('I'));
        root.characters.get('D').characters.put('J', new TrieNodeSD('J'));

        return root;
    }
}

class TrieNodeSD {
    Map<Character, TrieNodeSD> characters;
    char character;
    public TrieNodeSD(char c) {
        this.characters = new HashMap<Character, TrieNodeSD>();
        this.character = c;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() { return this.character + "";  }
}

序列化以预定格式提供输出(例如A,B,E,#,F,K,#,#,#,C,#,D,G,#,H,#,I, #,J,#,#,#)。

问题:在反序列化过程中，代码无法正确处理所有子级，也无法将它们与正确的父级关联起来。

有人可以建议如何修复反序列化方法中的处理或帮助我指出我缺少什么吗？

Answer 1

终于找到了反序列化Trie-Like数据结构的前序序列化形式的方法。

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 *                              A<br>
 *                  /           |           \<br>
 *                  B           C           D<br>
 *              /       \           /   /       \   \<br>
 *              E       F           G   H       I   J<br>
 *                      |<br>
 *                      K<br>
 * 
 *
 */
public class SerializeDeserialize {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        StringBuilder newsb = new StringBuilder();

        // prepare TrieNode Tree
        TrieNodeSD root = buildTrienodeTree();

        // serialize tree into string
        serialize(root, sb);
        sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
        System.out.println(sb.toString());
        System.out.println();

        // construct tree again from serialized string
        TrieNodeSD newRoot = deserialize(sb.toString().split(","), new int[] { 0 });

        // Verify : again serialize above de-serialized tree to match both
        // trees serialized format.
        serialize(newRoot, newsb);
        newsb.deleteCharAt(newsb.length() - 1);
        System.out.println(newsb.toString());
    }

    private static void serialize(TrieNodeSD node, StringBuilder sb) {
        if (node == null) return;
        sb.append(node.character + ",");
        if (node.characters != null && node.characters.size() > 0) {
            for (Character c : node.characters.keySet()) {
                serialize(node.characters.get(c), sb);
            }
        }
        sb.append("#,");
    }

    private static TrieNodeSD deserialize(String[] data, int[] t) {
        if (t[0] >= (data.length - 1) || data[t[0]].equals("#")) return null;
        TrieNodeSD node = new TrieNodeSD(data[t[0]].charAt(0));
        while (true) {
            t[0] = t[0] + 1;
            TrieNodeSD child = deserialize(data, t);
            if (child != null) node.characters.put(child.character, child);
            else break;
        }
        return node;
    }

    private static TrieNodeSD buildTrienodeTree() {
        TrieNodeSD root = new TrieNodeSD('A');

        root.characters.put('B', new TrieNodeSD('B'));
        root.characters.get('B').characters.put('E', new TrieNodeSD('E'));
        root.characters.get('B').characters.put('F', new TrieNodeSD('F'));
        root.characters.get('B').characters.get('F').characters.put('K', new TrieNodeSD('K'));

        root.characters.put('C', new TrieNodeSD('C'));

        root.characters.put('D', new TrieNodeSD('D'));
        root.characters.get('D').characters.put('G', new TrieNodeSD('G'));
        root.characters.get('D').characters.put('H', new TrieNodeSD('H'));
        root.characters.get('D').characters.put('I', new TrieNodeSD('I'));
        root.characters.get('D').characters.put('J', new TrieNodeSD('J'));

        return root;
    }
}

class TrieNodeSD {
    Map<Character, TrieNodeSD> characters;
    char character;

    public TrieNodeSD(char c) {
        this.characters = new HashMap<Character, TrieNodeSD>();
        this.character = c;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.character + "";
    }
}

示例运行:在前序遍历中序列化给定的Trie-Like数据结构，使用序列化的字符串构造Trie-data-like数据结构，即反序列化和最后再次序列化以验证序列化形式是否与实际树匹配。

A,B,E,#,F,K,#,#,#,C,#,D,G,#,H,#,I,#,J,#,#,#

A,B,E,#,F,K,#,#,#,C,#,D,G,#,H,#,I,#,J,#,#,#