java - 如何在@PostConstruct之前调用@BeforeMethod block

Question

我正在下面编写 Spring 单元测试代码。单元测试 @Before 方法没有被执行。由于它直接运行@PostConstruct，我收到错误 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: rates must be Positive 因为默认值为 0.00。我想设置一些值来请求最大限制，以便后构造 block 能够顺利通过。我的代码有什么问题？请帮忙。

@Component
public class SurveyPublisher  {

    @Autowired
    private SurveyProperties surveyProperties;

    @PostConstruct
        public void init() {
            rateLimiter = RateLimiter.create(psurveyProperties.getRequestMaxLimit());
        }

    }

    public void publish() {
        rateLimiter.acquire();
        // do something
    }

}

//单元测试类

public class SurveyPublisherTest  extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {

    @Mock
    SurveyProperties surveyProperties;

    @BeforeMethod   
    public void init() {
        Mockito.when(surveyProperties.getRequestMaxLimit()).thenReturn(40.00);
    }

    @Test
    public void testPublish_noResponse() {
        //do some test
    }

}

Answer 1

刚刚意识到它总是会在 Junit 回调方法之前运行 postConstruct 方法，导致 spring 优先。正如文档中所解释的 -

if a method within a test class is annotated with @PostConstruct, that method runs before any before methods of the underlying test framework (for example, methods annotated with JUnit Jupiter’s @BeforeEach), and that applies for every test method in the test class.

您的问题的解决方案 -

1. 正如 @chrylis 上面评论的那样，重构您的 SurveyPublisher 以使用构造函数注入(inject)来注入(inject)速率限制器。这样您就可以轻松进行测试。
2. 注入(inject)导致问题的 Mock/Spy bean

3. 创建测试配置，为您提供用作@ContextConfiguration的类实例

   @Configuration
   public class YourTestConfig {
   
       @Bean
       FactoryBean getSurveyPublisher() {
           return new AbstractFactoryBean() {
               @Override
               public Class getObjectType() {
                   return SurveyPublisher.class;
               }
   
               @Override
               protected SurveyPublisher createInstance() {
                   return mock(SurveyPublisher.class);
               }
           };
       }
   }