java - 使用 JAVA 在 Windows 中为自定义硬件编写 WMI 提供程序

Question

我有一个连接到 Windows 计算机的自定义硬件设备。我想将该设备的静态信息和动态数据提供给使用WMI查询的计算机的其他服务。

根据我的研究，我发现我必须写一个 WMI provider 。我当前的软件应用程序使用 JPOS 与硬件连接。因此我必须将 WMI 连接到 Java 应用程序。

我见过C#和 c++实现此任务的示例。我目前的理解是编写一个C++ wmi提供程序并使用JNI集成到我当前的应用程序中。我已经看到了 JNA 用于 query using wmi 的更多示例。然而，我的研究并没有产生任何有关使用 JNA 编写提供程序的有效信息。

编写 C++ 并通过 JNI 集成是处理这种情况的最佳方法吗？或者有什么更好的解决办法吗？

Answer 1

以下是我目前如何解决此问题的一些提示，供任何想要尝试的人使用。

<强>1。创建自定义 wmi 类。

Windows wbemtest.exe 工具是您的 friend 。这个工具可以拯救你的生命，因为它可以生成新的 wmi 类并编辑它们。当以管理权限打开时，它可以生成自定义wmi类、添加属性和修改。

或者可以编写 .mof 文件来创建自定义类。 .mof 文件示例如下。

#pragma namespace("\\\\.\\Root\\Cimv2")

class MyTestClass
{
    [Key] uint32 KeyProperty = 1;
    string Version = "1.1.1";
};

有关运行此 .mof 文件的信息可以在 here 中找到。 .

<强>2。添加属性

虽然 webmtester 和 .mof 方法可用于添加属性，但我发现 powershell commandlet 很有用。一组强大的 powershell commandlet 是 here作者:斯蒂芬·范·古利克。

<强>3。以编程方式检索属性

以编程方式检索属性的示例 C++ 程序如下。

// PropertyRetrieve.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
// WMI query to list all properties and values of the root/CIMV2:Detagger class.
// This C++ code was generated using the WMI Code Generator, Version 10.0.13.0
// https://www.robvanderwoude.com/wmigen.php
//
// The generated code was derived from sample code provided by Microsoft:
// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa390423(v=vs.85).aspx
// The sample code was modified to display multiple properties.
// Most of the original comments from the sample code were left intact.
// Limited testing has been done in Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Express Edition.

#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
using namespace std;

#pragma comment( lib, "wbemuuid.lib" )

HRESULT hr;
IWbemClassObject *pclsObj = NULL;

void DisplayProperty(LPCWSTR propertyname)
{
    VARIANT vtProperty;
    VariantInit(&vtProperty);
    try
    {
        hr = pclsObj->Get(propertyname, 0, &vtProperty, 0, 0);
        if (vtProperty.vt == VT_DISPATCH)
        {
            wcout << vtProperty.pdispVal;
        }
        else if (vtProperty.vt == VT_BSTR)
        {
            wcout << vtProperty.bstrVal;
        }
        else if (vtProperty.vt == VT_UI1)
        {
            wcout << vtProperty.uiVal;
        }
        else if (vtProperty.vt == VT_EMPTY)
        {
            wcout << L"[NULL]";
        }
    }
    catch (...)
    {
        wcout.clear();
        wcout << resetiosflags(std::ios::showbase);
    }
    VariantClear(&vtProperty);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    HRESULT hres;

    // Step 1: --------------------------------------------------
    // Initialize COM. ------------------------------------------

    hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        return 1; // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 2: --------------------------------------------------
    // Set general COM security levels --------------------------

    hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
        NULL,
        -1,                          // COM authentication
        NULL,                        // Authentication services
        NULL,                        // Reserved
        RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT,   // Default authentication
        RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation
        NULL,                        // Authentication info
        EOAC_NONE,                   // Additional capabilities
        NULL                         // Reserved
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;                    // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 3: ---------------------------------------------------
    // Obtain the initial locator to WMI -------------------------

    IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL;

    hres = CoCreateInstance(
        CLSID_WbemLocator,
        0,
        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *)&pLoc
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object. Err code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;                 // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 4: -----------------------------------------------------
    // Connect to WMI through the IWbemLocator::ConnectServer method

    IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL;

    // Connect to the root\CIMV2 namespace with
    // the current user and obtain pointer pSvc
    // to make IWbemServices calls.
    hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
        _bstr_t(L"root\\CIMV2"), // Object path of WMI namespace
        NULL,                      // User name. NULL = current user
        NULL,                      // User password. NULL = current
        0,                         // Locale. NULL indicates current
        NULL,                      // Security flags.
        0,                         // Authority (for example, Kerberos)
        0,                         // Context object
        &pSvc                      // pointer to IWbemServices proxy
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;                // Program has failed.
    }

    cerr << "Connected to root\\CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl;
    // Step 5: --------------------------------------------------
    // Set security levels on the proxy -------------------------

    hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
        pSvc,                        // Indicates the proxy to set
        RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT,           // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
        RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE,            // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
        NULL,                        // Server principal name
        RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL,      // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
        RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
        NULL,                        // client identity
        EOAC_NONE                    // proxy capabilities
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        pSvc->Release();
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;               // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 6: --------------------------------------------------
    // Use the IWbemServices pointer to make requests of WMI ----

    IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;
    hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(
        bstr_t("WQL"),
        bstr_t("SELECT Name,TestValue,Version FROM Detagger"),
        NULL,
        NULL,
        &pEnumerator
    );

    if (FAILED(hres))
    {
        cerr << "Query of Detagger class failed. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
        pSvc->Release();
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return 1;               // Program has failed.
    }

    // Step 7: -------------------------------------------------
    // Get the data from the query in step 6 -------------------

    ULONG uReturn = 0;

    while (pEnumerator)
    {
        hr = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj, &uReturn);
        if (hr != 0)
        {
            break;
        }
        wcout << "Name      : ";
        DisplayProperty((LPCWSTR)L"Name");
        wcout << endl;
        wcout << "TestValue : ";
        DisplayProperty((LPCWSTR)L"TestValue");
        wcout << endl;
        wcout << "Version   : ";
        DisplayProperty((LPCWSTR)L"Version");
        wcout << endl;
        pclsObj->Release();
    }

    // Cleanup
    // =======

    pSvc->Release();
    pLoc->Release();
    pEnumerator->Release();
    CoUninitialize();

    cout << "Press anykey to exit.";
    cin.ignore();
    cin.get();

    return 0;   // Program successfully completed.
}

<强>4。以编程方式修改属性

以编程方式修改属性的示例 C++ 代码如下。此选项需要管理权限。

    _variant_t  var2(L"15");


    IWbemClassObject *detaggerClass = NULL;
    HRESULT dflkj = pSvc->GetObjectW(L"Detagger", 0, NULL, &detaggerClass, NULL);
    IWbemClassObject *detaggerInstance = NULL;
    dflkj = detaggerClass->SpawnInstance(0, &detaggerInstance);

    detaggerInstance->Put(L"TestValue", 0, &var2, CIM_UINT8)
        || Fail("Put failed for 'TestValue'");

    HRESULT er = pSvc->PutInstance(detaggerInstance, WBEM_FLAG_CREATE_OR_UPDATE, NULL, NULL);

这里我修改了名为“TestValue”的 unsigned int 8 变量的值

<强>5。下一步

我的下一个选择是通过 JNA 将 C++ 应用程序连接到主 Java 应用程序。