java - 空指针异常

Question

我一直在使用驱动程序来测试我的一个数据结构(二叉搜索树)，我遇到了这个问题。 -当我在 bst 中插入超过 2 个对象时会发生这种情况 -我想要做什么:我在树中插入 4 个对象，然后删除 2 个对象，然后打印出我的 find 方法，以便它显示是否或它没有找到我请求的对象。例如:

public class Driver5 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
  Integer c1 = new Integer(1);
  Integer c2 = new Integer(2);
  Integer c3 = new Integer(3);
  Integer c4 = new Integer(4);
    Integer c5 = new Integer(5);
    Integer c6 = new Integer(6);
    Integer c7 = new Integer(7);
    Integer c8 = new Integer(8);
    Integer c9 = new Integer(9);
    Integer c10 = new Integer(10);
    Integer c11 = new Integer(11);
    Integer c12 = new Integer(23);
    Integer c13 = new Integer(65);
    Integer c14 = new Integer(45);
    Integer c15 = new Integer(18);
    Integer c16 = new Integer(33);
    Integer c17 = new Integer(54);

  DataStructure1<Integer> theData = new DataStructure1<Integer>();
    System.out.println("DS1");    
     long start = System.currentTimeMillis();  
   theData.insert(c1);
  theData.insert(c2);
  theData.insert(c3);
  theData.insert(c4);
    theData.insert(c5);
    theData.insert(c6);
    theData.insert(c7);
    theData.insert(c8);
    theData.insert(c9);
    theData.insert(c10);
    theData.insert(c11);
    theData.insert(c12);
    theData.insert(c13);
    theData.insert(c14);
    theData.insert(c15);
    theData.insert(c16);
    theData.insert(c17);
    theData.delete(c2);
    theData.delete(c4);
    System.out.println(theData.find(c1));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c2));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c3));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c4));
    theData.delete(c2);
    theData.insert(c3);
    System.out.println(theData.find(c2));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c3));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c4));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c5));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c6));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c7));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c8));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c9));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c10));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c11));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c12));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c13));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c14));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c15));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c16));
    System.out.println(theData.find(c17));

    long elapsed = System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
    System.out.println("The time elapsed was: " + elapsed + " ms.");
    System.out.println();

BinarySearchTree<Integer> theData1 = new BinarySearchTree<Integer>();
     System.out.println("BST");    
    long start1 = System.currentTimeMillis();  
   theData1.insert(c1);
  theData1.insert(c2);
  theData1.insert(c3);
  theData1.insert(c4);
    theData1.insert(c5);
    theData1.insert(c6);
    theData1.insert(c7);
    theData1.insert(c8);
    theData1.insert(c9);
    theData1.insert(c10);
    theData1.insert(c11);
    theData1.insert(c12);
    theData1.insert(c13);
    theData1.insert(c14);
    theData1.insert(c15);
    theData1.insert(c16);
    theData1.insert(c17); 
    theData1.delete(c2);
    theData1.delete(c4);
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c1));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c2));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c3));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c4));
    theData1.delete(c2);
    theData1.insert(c3);
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c2));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c3));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c4));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c5));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c6));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c7));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c8));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c9));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c10));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c11));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c12));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c13));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c14));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c15));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c16));
    System.out.println(theData1.find(c17)); 

    long elapsed1 = System.currentTimeMillis() - start1;
    System.out.println("The time elapsed was: " + elapsed1 + " ms.");




}


} 

我在 bst 中遇到错误:

if( nd.getLeft() == null && nd.getRight() == null)
        {

            nd = null;
        }

整个删除是:

public void delete(E item) {

        TreeNode<E> nd = root;

        while(nd != null && nd.getItem().compareTo(item) != 0)
        {
            if(nd.getItem().compareTo(item) < 0)
                nd = nd.getRight();

            else
                 nd = nd.getLeft();
        }

        if( nd.getLeft() == null && nd.getRight() == null)
        {

            nd = null;
        }

        else if(nd.getLeft() != null && nd.getRight() == null)

        {
            nd.setItem((E)nd.getLeft().getItem());

        }
        else if(nd.getLeft() == null && nd.getRight() != null)
        {    
            nd.setItem((E)nd.getRight().getItem());

        }

        else if(nd.getLeft() != null && nd.getRight() != null)
        {

            nd.setItem((E)findsucc(nd));
        }    


}

Answer 1

如果 nd 为 null, 那么您无法对其调用 getLeft() 。所以请检查一下

if (nd != null && nd.getLeft() == null && nd.getRight() == null)

参见all causes of a NullPointerException ，这样下次遇到它时，您就知道该怎么做。