我正在使用 Tomcat 8 在 Eclipse-Mars 中启动 Spring-Hibernate-JPA-Spring-Data-Maven-JSF 应用程序。尝试启动服务器时遇到启动错误，并且我尝试过解决这个问题一个多星期了，我想是时候寻求帮助了!
下面是一些来自控制台的 Tomcat 错误打印输出:
...
08:47:10.900 [localhost-startStop-1] INFO o.s.b.f.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]
...
08:47:10.981 [localhost-startStop-1] ERROR o.s.web.context.ContextLoader - Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line 23 in XML document from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 23; columnNumber: 67; cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'beans'.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:399) ~[spring-beans-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:336) ~[spring-beans-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
...
SEVERE: One or more listeners failed to start. Full details will be found in the appropriate container log file
May 10, 2016 8:47:15 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
SEVERE: Context [/SilentHomeCemetery_Maven] startup failed due to previous errors
May 10, 2016 8:47:15 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: Closing Spring root WebApplicationContext
08:47:15.465 [localhost-startStop-1] INFO o.s.w.c.s.XmlWebApplicationContext - Closing Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Tue May 10 08:47:10 EDT 2016]; root of context hierarchy
08:47:15.472 [localhost-startStop-1] WARN o.s.w.c.s.XmlWebApplicationContext - Exception thrown from LifecycleProcessor on context close
java.lang.IllegalStateException: LifecycleProcessor not initialized - call 'refresh' before invoking lifecycle methods via the context: Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Tue May 10 08:47:10 EDT 2016]; root of context hierarchy
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getLifecycleProcessor(AbstractApplicationContext.java:414) [spring-context-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
这是我的 web.xml 文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.PROJECT_STAGE</param-name>
<param-value>Development</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.FACELETS_LIBRARIES</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/springsecurity.taglib.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
-->
<filter>
<filter-name>loginFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.filters.LoginFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>loginFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/faces/Admin/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>preventLoginFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.filters.PreventLoginFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>preventLoginFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/faces/index.xhtml</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.xhtml</url-pattern>
<!-- Map these files with JSF -->
<url-pattern>/faces/*</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>*.faces</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.xhtml</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>/faces/index.xhtml</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<context-param>
<description>State saving method: 'client' or 'server' (=default). See JSF Specification 2.5.2</description>
<param-name>javax.faces.STATE_SAVING_METHOD</param-name>
<param-value>client</param-value>
</context-param>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
这是我的 applicationContext.xml 文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans:beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<!-- http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.2.xsd"> -->
<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->
<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
<annotation-driven/>
<!-- Package needed to be scanned for annotation -->
<context:component-scan base-package="spring"/>
<!-- Use annotation for configuration-->
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:spring-configured/>
<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving
up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.db2.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:db2://localhost:50000/SLNTRURO" />
<property name="username" value="<name>" />
<property name="password" value="<password>" />
</bean>
<!-- Hibernate 4 SessionFactory Bean definition -->
<bean id="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="annotatedClasses">
<list>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.GraveInfo</value>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.Control</value>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.Encrypted_lot_info</value>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.EncryptedGraveInfo</value>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.EncryptionKey</value>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.LotInfo</value>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.Security</value>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.SilentHomeUser</value>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.UserRole</value>
<value>com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.Role</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.DB2Dialect
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="UserDAO" class="com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.DAO.UserDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory"
ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
</bean>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery" />
<bean id="persistenceUnitManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.persistenceunit.DefaultPersistenceUnitManager">
<!-- <property name="defaultPersistenceUnitName" value="nutrition-pu"/> -->
<property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="classpath:META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
<property name="defaultDataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- JPA -->
<bean id="entityManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="persistenceUnitManager" ref="persistenceUnitManager" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="jpaVendorAdapter" />
</bean>
<!-- jpaVendorAdapter (works in conjunction with the persistence.xml) -->
<bean id="jpaVendorAdapter"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="database" value="${jpa.database}" />
<property name="showSql" value="${jpa.showSql}" />
<property name="databasePlatform" value="${jpa.dialect}" />
<property name="generateDdl" value="${jpa.generateDdl}" />
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManager" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<bean id="persistenceAnnotation" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />
</beans>
这是我的 eclipselink-orm.xml 文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<entity-mappings version="2.5" xmlns="http://www.eclipse.org/eclipselink/xsds/persistence/orm"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.eclipse.org/eclipselink/xsds/persistence/orm http://www.eclipse.org/eclipselink/xsds/eclipselink_orm_2_5.xsd">
<named-query name="Control.findAll">
<query>select c from Control c</query>
</named-query>
<named-query name="Encrypted_lot_info.findAll">
<query>select e from Encrypted_lot_info e</query>
</named-query>
<named-query name="EncryptedGraveInfo.findAll">
<query>select e from EncryptedGraveInfo e</query>
</named-query>
<named-query name="EncryptionKey.findAll">
<query>select e from EncryptionKey e</query>
</named-query>
<named-query name="LotInfo.findAll">
<query>select l from LotInfo l</query>
</named-query>
<named-query name="Security.findAll">
<query>select s from Security s</query>
</named-query>
<named-query name="SilentHomeUser.findAll">
<query>select u from SilentHomeUser u</query>
</named-query>
<named-query name="UserRole.findAll">
<query>select z from UserRole z</query>
</named-query>
<named-query name="Role.findAll">
<query>select r from Role r</query>
</named-query>
<entity class="com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.Control" access="VIRTUAL">
<table name="CONTROLS"/>
<attributes>
<id name="controlKey" attribute-type="int">
<column name="CONTROL_KEY"/>
<generated-value strategy="AUTO"/>
</id>
<basic name="dateLastBackup" attribute-type="java.util.Date">
<column name="DATE_LAST_BACKUP"/>
<temporal>DATE</temporal>
</basic>
<basic name="dateLastCompact" attribute-type="java.util.Date">
<column name="DATE_LAST_COMPACT"/>
<temporal>DATE</temporal>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
<entity class="com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.Encrypted_lot_info" access="VIRTUAL">
<table name='"ENCRYPTED LOT INFO"'/>
<attributes>
<id name="eLotId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="E_LOT_ID"/>
<generated-value strategy="AUTO"/>
</id>
<basic name="eLot" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_LOT"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eLotAddDate" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_LOT_ADD_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eLotChgDate" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_LOT_CHG_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eLotName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_LOT_NAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eLotNextOfKin" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_LOT_NEXT_OF_KIN"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eLotNotes" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_LOT_NOTES"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eLotOrigLotNbr" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_LOT_ORIG_LOT_NBR"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eLotUniqId" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_LOT_UNIQ_ID"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eUserName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_USER_NAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="key" attribute-type="String">
<column name='"KEY"'/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
<entity class="com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.EncryptedGraveInfo" access="VIRTUAL">
<table name="ENCRYPTED_GRAVE_INFO"/>
<attributes>
<id name="eGraveId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="E_GRAVE_ID"/>
<generated-value strategy="AUTO"/>
</id>
<basic name="dateLastChanged" attribute-type="java.sql.Timestamp">
<column name="DATE_LAST_CHANGED"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eDeathDate" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_DEATH_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eGraveAddDate" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_GRAVE_ADD_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eGraveChgDate" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_GRAVE_CHG_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eGraveDate" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_GRAVE_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eGraveFuneralDirector" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_GRAVE_FUNERAL_DIRECTOR"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eGraveLot" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_GRAVE_LOT"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eGraveLotUniqId" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_GRAVE_LOT_UNIQ_ID"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eGraveName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_GRAVE_NAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eGraveNbr" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_GRAVE_NBR"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eGraveNotes" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_GRAVE_NOTES"/>
</basic>
<basic name="eUserName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="E_USER_NAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="encryptedGraveId" attribute-type="String">
<column name="ENCRYPTED_GRAVE_ID"/>
</basic>
<basic name="key" attribute-type="String">
<column name='"KEY"'/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
<entity class="com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.EncryptionKey" access="VIRTUAL">
<table name="ENCRYPTION_KEYS"/>
<attributes>
<id name="keyTracker" attribute-type="long">
<column name="KEY_TRACKER"/>
<generated-value strategy="AUTO"/>
</id>
<basic name="key" attribute-type="String">
<column name='"KEY"'/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
<entity class="com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.LotInfo" access="VIRTUAL">
<table name="LOT_INFO"/>
<attributes>
<id name="lotUniqId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="LOT_UNIQ_ID"/>
<generated-value strategy="AUTO"/>
</id>
<basic name="encryption_key" attribute-type="byte[]">
<column name='"ENCRYPTION KEY"'/>
</basic>
<basic name="lot" attribute-type="int">
</basic>
<basic name="lotAddDate" attribute-type="java.util.Date">
<column name="LOT_ADD_DATE"/>
<temporal>DATE</temporal>
</basic>
<basic name="lotChgDate" attribute-type="java.sql.Timestamp">
<column name="LOT_CHG_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="lotName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="LOT_NAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="lotNextOfKin" attribute-type="String">
<column name="LOT_NEXT_OF_KIN"/>
</basic>
<basic name="lotNotes" attribute-type="String">
<column name="LOT_NOTES"/>
</basic>
<basic name="lotOrigLotNbr" attribute-type="String">
<column name="LOT_ORIG_LOT_NBR"/>
</basic>
<basic name="userName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="USER_NAME"/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
<entity class="com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.GraveInfo" access="VIRTUAL">
<table name="GRAVE_INFO"/>
<attributes>
<id name="GraveId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="GRAVE_ID"/>
<generated-value strategy="AUTO"/>
</id>
<basic name="graveChgDate" attribute-type="java.sql.Timestamp">
<column name="GRAVE_CHG_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="deathDate" attribute-type="java.sql.Timestamp">
<column name="DEATH_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="graveAddDate" attribute-type="java.sql.Timestamp">
<column name="GRAVE_ADD_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="graveDate" attribute-type="String">
<column name="GRAVE_DATE"/>
</basic>
<basic name="graveFuneralDirector" attribute-type="String">
<column name="GRAVE_FUNERAL_DIRECTOR"/>
</basic>
<basic name="graveLot" attribute-type="String">
<column name="GRAVE_LOT"/>
</basic>
<basic name="graveLotUniqId" attribute-type="String">
<column name="GRAVE_LOT_UNIQ_ID"/>
</basic>
<basic name="graveName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="GRAVE_NAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="graveNbr" attribute-type="String">
<column name="GRAVE_NBR"/>
</basic>
<basic name="graveNotes" attribute-type="String">
<column name="GRAVE_NOTES"/>
</basic>
<basic name="userName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="USER_NAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="encryptKey" attribute-type="Byte">
<column name='"ENCRYPT_KEY"'/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
<embeddable class='com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.UserRolePK"' access="VIRTUAL">
<attributes>
<basic name="userId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="USER_ID"/>
</basic>
<basic name="roleId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="ROLE_ID"/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</embeddable>
<entity class='com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.UserRole"' access="VIRTUAL">
<table name="USER_ROLES"/>
<attributes>
<id name="userId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="USER_ID"/>
</id>
<basic name="roleId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="ROLE_ID"/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
<entity class='com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.Role"' access="VIRTUAL">
<table name="ROLES"/>
<attributes>
<id name="roleId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="ROLE_ID"/>
</id>
<basic name="role" attribute-type="String">
<column name="ROLE"/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
<entity class='com.kletus.silentHomeCemetery.model.jpa.SilentHomeUser"' access="VIRTUAL">
<table name="SILENT_HOME_USER"/>
<attributes>
<id name="userId" attribute-type="int">
<column name="USER_ID"/>
</id>
<basic name="activeInd" attribute-type="int">
<column name="ACTIVE_IND"/>
</basic>
<basic name="fName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="FNAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="mName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="MNAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="lName" attribute-type="String">
<column name="LNAME"/>
</basic>
<basic name="password" attribute-type="String">
<column name="PASSWORD"/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
</entity-mappings>
这是我的 spring-config.xml 文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans:beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kletus.SilentHomeCemetery" />
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="classpath:/persistence.xml" />
<!-- <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="userPersistenceUnit" /> -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="jpaVendorAdapter" />
<property name="jpaDialect" ref="jpaDialect" />
</bean>
<bean id="jpaVendorAdapter" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="database" value="DB2" />
<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.DB2Dialect" />
</bean>
<bean id="jpaDialect" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" />
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaDialect" ref="jpaDialect" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:db2://localhost:50000/SLNTRURO:retrieveMessagesFromServerOnGetMessage=true;" />
<property name="username" value="<name>" />
<property name="password" value="<password">"/>
</bean>
</beans>
最佳答案
架构声明中有错误。
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans:beans"
应该是
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
这是 applicationContext.xml 的默认命名空间。日志清楚地表明了这一点。
lineNumber: 23; columnNumber: 67; cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'beans'.
关于java - Spring-Hibernate-JPA-Spring-Data-Maven-JSF应用Tomcat启动错误，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37140300/