java - Jacoco 仅在我的系统上失败，并出现有关 StringUtils 的奇怪错误

Jacoco 在尝试测试我的 Web 服务时给了我这个错误(我在任何包含测试阶段的 Maven 目标中都遇到了这个错误):

$ mvn package
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Web Service 1.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 6 source files to C:\git\myproject\target\classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\git\myproject\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.5.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 2 source files to C:\git\myproject\target\test-classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.17:test (default-test) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- jacoco-maven-plugin:0.7.4.201502262128:report (post-unit-test) @ myproject ---
[WARNING] Error initializing: org.codehaus.plexus.velocity.DefaultVelocityComponent@1796b2d4
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/lang/StringUtils
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)
        at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:467)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:73)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:368)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:362)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:361)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.loadClassFromSelf(ClassRealm.java:401)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.strategy.SelfFirstStrategy.loadClass(SelfFirstStrategy.java:42)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.unsynchronizedLoadClass(ClassRealm.java:271)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.loadClass(ClassRealm.java:247)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm.loadClass(ClassRealm.java:239)
        at org.apache.velocity.runtime.resource.ResourceManagerImpl.initialize(ResourceManagerImpl.java:165)
        at org.apache.velocity.runtime.RuntimeInstance.initializeResourceManager(RuntimeInstance.java:594)
        at org.apache.velocity.runtime.RuntimeInstance.init(RuntimeInstance.java:241)
        at org.apache.velocity.app.VelocityEngine.init(VelocityEngine.java:116)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.velocity.DefaultVelocityComponent.initialize(DefaultVelocityComponent.java:95)
        at org.eclipse.sisu.plexus.PlexusLifecycleManager.initialize(PlexusLifecycleManager.java:303)
        at org.eclipse.sisu.plexus.PlexusLifecycleManager.activate(PlexusLifecycleManager.java:207)
        at org.eclipse.sisu.bean.BeanScheduler$Pending.activate(BeanScheduler.java:156)
        at org.eclipse.sisu.bean.BeanScheduler$Activator.onProvision(BeanScheduler.java:185)
        at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback$Provision.provision(ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:126)
        at com.google.inject.internal.ProvisionListenerStackCallback.provision(ProvisionListenerStackCallback.java:68)
        at com.google.inject.internal.ProviderInternalFactory.circularGet(ProviderInternalFactory.java:63)
        at com.google.inject.internal.InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.get(InternalFactoryToInitializableAdapter.java:45)
        at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl$2$1.call(InjectorImpl.java:1016)
        at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl.callInContext(InjectorImpl.java:1092)
        at com.google.inject.internal.InjectorImpl$2.get(InjectorImpl.java:1012)
        at org.eclipse.sisu.inject.Guice4$1.get(Guice4.java:162)
        at org.eclipse.sisu.inject.LazyBeanEntry.getValue(LazyBeanEntry.java:81)
        at org.eclipse.sisu.plexus.LazyPlexusBean.getValue(LazyPlexusBean.java:51)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.DefaultPlexusContainer.lookup(DefaultPlexusContainer.java:263)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.DefaultPlexusContainer.lookup(DefaultPlexusContainer.java:255)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.internal.DefaultMavenPluginManager.getConfiguredMojo(DefaultMavenPluginManager.java:517)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:121)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:207)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:116)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:80)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:51)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:128)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:307)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:193)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:106)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:863)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:288)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:199)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 21.152 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2016-12-06T09:19:16-06:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 24M/266M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.jacoco:jacoco-maven-plugin:0.7.4.201502262128:report (post-unit-test) on project myproject: Execution post-unit-test of goal org.jacoco:jacoco-maven-plugin:0.7.4.201502262128:report failed: A required class was missing while executing org.jacoco:jacoco-maven-plugin:0.7.4.201502262128:report: org/apache/commons/lang/StringUtils
[ERROR] -----------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] realm =    plugin>org.jacoco:jacoco-maven-plugin:0.7.4.201502262128
[ERROR] strategy = org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.strategy.SelfFirstStrategy
[ERROR] urls[0] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/jacoco/jacoco-maven-plugin/0.7.4.201502262128/jacoco-maven-plugin-0.7.4.201502262128.jar
[ERROR] urls[1] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/backport-util-concurrent/backport-util-concurrent/3.1/backport-util-concurrent-3.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[2] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.11/plexus-interpolation-1.11.jar
[ERROR] urls[3] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/junit/junit/4.8.2/junit-4.8.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[4] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/1.5.6/plexus-utils-1.5.6.jar
[ERROR] urls[5] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/shared/file-management/1.2.1/file-management-1.2.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[6] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-shared-io/1.1/maven-shared-io-1.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[7] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/reporting/maven-reporting-api/2.2.1/maven-reporting-api-2.2.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[8] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/doxia/doxia-sink-api/1.1/doxia-sink-api-1.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[9] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/doxia/doxia-logging-api/1.1/doxia-logging-api-1.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[10] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/reporting/maven-reporting-impl/2.1/maven-reporting-impl-2.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[11] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/doxia/doxia-core/1.1.2/doxia-core-1.1.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[12] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/xerces/xercesImpl/2.8.1/xercesImpl-2.8.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[13] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.4/commons-lang-2.4.jar
[ERROR] urls[14] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/commons-httpclient/commons-httpclient/3.1/commons-httpclient-3.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[15] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.2/commons-codec-1.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[16] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/doxia/doxia-site-renderer/1.1.2/doxia-site-renderer-1.1.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[17] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/doxia/doxia-decoration-model/1.1.2/doxia-decoration-model-1.1.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[18] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/doxia/doxia-module-xhtml/1.1.2/doxia-module-xhtml-1.1.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[19] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/maven/doxia/doxia-module-fml/1.1.2/doxia-module-fml-1.1.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[20] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-i18n/1.0-beta-7/plexus-i18n-1.0-beta-7.jar
[ERROR] urls[21] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-velocity/1.1.7/plexus-velocity-1.1.7.jar
[ERROR] urls[22] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/apache/velocity/velocity/1.5/velocity-1.5.jar
[ERROR] urls[23] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/commons-collections/commons-collections/3.2/commons-collections-3.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[24] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/commons-validator/commons-validator/1.2.0/commons-validator-1.2.0.jar
[ERROR] urls[25] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/commons-beanutils/commons-beanutils/1.7.0/commons-beanutils-1.7.0.jar
[ERROR] urls[26] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/commons-digester/commons-digester/1.6/commons-digester-1.6.jar
[ERROR] urls[27] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.0.4/commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
[ERROR] urls[28] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/oro/oro/2.0.8/oro-2.0.8.jar
[ERROR] urls[29] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/xml-apis/xml-apis/1.0.b2/xml-apis-1.0.b2.jar
[ERROR] urls[30] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/jacoco/org.jacoco.agent/0.7.4.201502262128/org.jacoco.agent-0.7.4.201502262128-runtime.jar
[ERROR] urls[31] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/jacoco/org.jacoco.core/0.7.4.201502262128/org.jacoco.core-0.7.4.201502262128.jar
[ERROR] urls[32] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/ow2/asm/asm-debug-all/5.0.1/asm-debug-all-5.0.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[33] = file:/C:/Users/t1572/.m2/repository/org/jacoco/org.jacoco.report/0.7.4.201502262128/org.jacoco.report-0.7.4.201502262128.jar
[ERROR] Number of foreign imports: 1
[ERROR] import: Entry[import  from realm ClassRealm[maven.api, parent: null]]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] -----------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/PluginContainerException

需要明确的是，我没有在代码中的任何地方使用 StringUtils，甚至在测试代码中也没有。如果跳过测试，我的项目在没有它的情况下也可以正常构建和运行。

我在 google 上搜索了 Maven 问题、jacoco 问题、surefire 问题，并尝试了我遇到的所有解决方案。

这是我尝试过的:

干净的构建，还手动删除整个目标目录
向 pom 添加多个包含 StringUtils 的不同依赖项(包括原始 commons-lang-2.6.jar 和新的 commons-lang3 库)
删除我的 .m2/repository/org/apache/maven 目录以重新下载所有存储库库
与我使用类似测试用例的其他项目进行比较，以找出可能导致此问题的任何可能的差异
使用不同版本的surefire、failsafe 和surefire-report 插件
添加<skipTests>true</skipTests> pom 中的surefire 和failsafe 插件配置(我读到的一些类似问题发生是因为测试用例运行了两次)
使用 <exclude> 排除各种输出目录jacoco 插件配置中的标签
更改 Maven 编译器插件配置中的源和目标 JDK 版本
将 StringUtils.class 直接插入到与缺少的类名和包匹配的相应目录中的 jacoco pom
使用不同版本的 jacoco 插件
安装并使用不同版本的 Maven(尝试过 3.1.1 和 3.3.9)
切换到 cobertura(我收到一个非常相似的错误，仅在它所说的缺少的类上有所不同 - org/apache/commons/lang/SystemUtils，而不是 StringUtils)

我已经为此烦恼了一整天了。我可以让其他人测试它，并且它在他们的系统上运行良好。然后，我将其目标目录复制到我的计算机上，并能够针对成功的构建结果(jacoco.exec 和 checkin 的代码)执行 Sonar 代码分析。

我的问题是，我的系统出现了什么问题导致了这种情况？

我在 HP EliteDesk 上运行 Windows 7 64 位。这是我的 pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.myproject.ws</groupId>
    <artifactId>myproject</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <name>Web Service</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
        <jacoco-maven-plugin.version>0.7.4.201502262128</jacoco-maven-plugin.version>
    </properties>
    <distributionManagement>
        <repository>
            <releases>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
                <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
                <checksumPolicy>warn</checksumPolicy>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
                <updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
                <checksumPolicy>warn</checksumPolicy>
            </snapshots>
            <id>internal-repository</id>
            <name>Nexus</name>
            <url>http://repo.example.com/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
            <layout>default</layout>
        </repository>
    </distributionManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.ws.rs-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-container-servlet-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-media-moxy</artifactId>
            <version>2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.12</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-container-jdk-http</artifactId>
            <version>2.17</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.net.httpserver</groupId>
            <artifactId>http</artifactId>
            <version>20070405</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    <build>
    <finalName>webservice</finalName>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.17</version>
            <configuration>
                <forkCount>2</forkCount>
                <reuseForks>true</reuseForks>
                <argLine>${argLine}</argLine>
                <skipTests>true</skipTests>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-report-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.17</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.17</version>
        <configuration>
            <argLine>${argLine}</argLine>
            <skipTests>true</skipTests>
        </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
          <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>${jacoco-maven-plugin.version}</version>
          <configuration>
              <excludes>
                  <exclude>**/static/**</exclude>
              </excludes>
          </configuration>
          <executions>
            <execution>
                <id>pre-unit-test</id>
                <goals>
                    <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                    <destFile>${basedir}/target/jacoco.exec</destFile>
                </configuration>
            </execution>
            <execution>
                <id>post-unit-test</id>
                <phase>test</phase>
                <goals>
                    <goal>report</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                    <dataFile>${basedir}/target/jacoco.exec</dataFile>
                </configuration>
            </execution>
          </executions>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
          <artifactId>sonar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
          <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
          <configuration>
            <tomcatLoggingFile>tomcat.log</tomcatLoggingFile>
            <serverxml>${project.basedir}/target/tomcat/conf/web.xml</serverxml>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

我的测试用例没有什么特别的，它们基本上只是向每个端点发送一个示例 POST 请求并验证结果是否返回。

这是一个示例测试用例:

private CustomResponse executePostRequest()
{
    MyPojo data = new MyPojo();
    data.setId(0);
    data.setRequestType("sometype");
    data.setSomeField("value");
    data.setSomeOtherField(5);
    return target.path(endpoint).request().post(Entity.json(data), CustomResponse.class);
}

@Test
public void testEndpoint()
{
    CustomResponse response = executePostRequest();
    assertTrue( response.getCode() == 200 );
}

我很乐意发布任何其他设置或您可能想了解的有关我的系统的任何信息。

更新:我刚刚发现 jHades这是一个工具，可以帮助您在遇到像这样的 jar-hell 场景时识别冲突的 Jar 资源。我还没有尝试过，但我计划并且会在此处更新结果(如果它产生任何结果)。

最佳答案

转到m2\repository\org\jacoco\jacoco-maven-plugin\0.7.4.201502262128

在jacoco-maven-plugin-0.7.4.201502262128.pom中添加此依赖项:

<dependency>
  <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
  <version>2.6</version>
</dependency>

关于java - Jacoco 仅在我的系统上失败，并出现有关 StringUtils 的奇怪错误，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41000317/

java - Jacoco 仅在我的系统上失败，并出现有关 StringUtils 的奇怪错误

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