java - NLTK斯坦福分段器，如何设置CLASSPATH

Question

我正在尝试使用 NLTK Tokenize 包中的斯坦福分段器位。然而，我在尝试使用基本测试集时遇到了问题。运行以下命令:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from nltk.tokenize.stanford_segmenter import StanfordSegmenter
seg = StanfordSegmenter()
seg.default_config('zh')
sent = u'这是斯坦福中文分词器测试'
print(seg.segment(sent))

导致此错误:

我已经添加了...

import os
javapath = "C:/Users/User/Folder/stanford-segmenter-2017-06-09/*"
os.environ['CLASSPATH'] = javapath

...到我的代码前面，但这似乎没有帮助。

如何让分段器正常运行？

Answer 1

注意:此解决方案仅适用于:

• NLTK v3.2.5(v3.2.6 将有一个更简单的界面)
• 斯坦福 CoreNLP(版本 >= 2016-10-31)

---

首先，您必须先正确安装Java 8，如果Stanford CoreNLP在命令行上运行，则NLTK v3.2.5中的Stanford CoreNLP API如下。

注意:您必须在之前使用 NLTK 中的新 CoreNLP API 在终端中启动 CoreNLP 服务器。

英语

在终端中:

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip
unzip stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip && cd stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31

java -mx4g -cp "*" edu.stanford.nlp.pipeline.StanfordCoreNLPServer \
-preload tokenize,ssplit,pos,lemma,parse,depparse \
-status_port 9000 -port 9000 -timeout 15000

在Python中:

>>> from nltk.tag.stanford import CoreNLPPOSTagger, CoreNLPNERTagger
>>> stpos, stner = CoreNLPPOSTagger(), CoreNLPNERTagger()
>>> stpos.tag('What is the airspeed of an unladen swallow ?'.split())
[(u'What', u'WP'), (u'is', u'VBZ'), (u'the', u'DT'), (u'airspeed', u'NN'), (u'of', u'IN'), (u'an', u'DT'), (u'unladen', u'JJ'), (u'swallow', u'VB'), (u'?', u'.')]
>>> stner.tag('Rami Eid is studying at Stony Brook University in NY'.split())
[(u'Rami', u'PERSON'), (u'Eid', u'PERSON'), (u'is', u'O'), (u'studying', u'O'), (u'at', u'O'), (u'Stony', u'ORGANIZATION'), (u'Brook', u'ORGANIZATION'), (u'University', u'ORGANIZATION'), (u'in', u'O'), (u'NY', u'O')]

中文

在终端中:

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip
unzip stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip && cd stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31
wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-chinese-corenlp-2016-10-31-models.jar
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stanfordnlp/CoreNLP/master/src/edu/stanford/nlp/pipeline/StanfordCoreNLP-chinese.properties 

java -Xmx4g -cp "*" edu.stanford.nlp.pipeline.StanfordCoreNLPServer \
-serverProperties StanfordCoreNLP-chinese.properties \
-preload tokenize,ssplit,pos,lemma,ner,parse \
-status_port 9001  -port 9001 -timeout 15000

在 Python 中

>>> from nltk.tag.stanford import CoreNLPPOSTagger, CoreNLPNERTagger
>>> from nltk.tokenize.stanford import CoreNLPTokenizer
>>> stpos, stner = CoreNLPPOSTagger('http://localhost:9001'), CoreNLPNERTagger('http://localhost:9001')
>>> sttok = CoreNLPTokenizer('http://localhost:9001')

>>> sttok.tokenize(u'我家没有电脑。')
['我家', '没有', '电脑', '。']

# Without segmentation (input to`raw_string_parse()` is a list of single char strings)
>>> stpos.tag(u'我家没有电脑。')
[('我', 'PN'), ('家', 'NN'), ('没', 'AD'), ('有', 'VV'), ('电', 'NN'), ('脑', 'NN'), ('。', 'PU')]
# With segmentation
>>> stpos.tag(sttok.tokenize(u'我家没有电脑。'))
[('我家', 'NN'), ('没有', 'VE'), ('电脑', 'NN'), ('。', 'PU')]

# Without segmentation (input to`raw_string_parse()` is a list of single char strings)
>>> stner.tag(u'奥巴马与迈克尔·杰克逊一起去杂货店购物。')
[('奥', 'GPE'), ('巴', 'GPE'), ('马', 'GPE'), ('与', 'O'), ('迈', 'O'), ('克', 'PERSON'), ('尔', 'PERSON'), ('·', 'O'), ('杰', 'O'), ('克', 'O'), ('逊', 'O'), ('一', 'NUMBER'), ('起', 'O'), ('去', 'O'), ('杂', 'O'), ('货', 'O'), ('店', 'O'), ('购', 'O'), ('物', 'O'), ('。', 'O')]
# With segmentation
>>> stner.tag(sttok.tokenize(u'奥巴马与迈克尔·杰克逊一起去杂货店购物。'))
[('奥巴马', 'PERSON'), ('与', 'O'), ('迈克尔·杰克逊', 'PERSON'), ('一起', 'O'), ('去', 'O'), ('杂货店', 'O'), ('购物', 'O'), ('。', 'O')]

德语

在终端中:

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip
unzip stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip && cd stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-german-corenlp-2016-10-31-models.jar
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stanfordnlp/CoreNLP/master/src/edu/stanford/nlp/pipeline/StanfordCoreNLP-german.properties

java -Xmx4g -cp "*" edu.stanford.nlp.pipeline.StanfordCoreNLPServer \
-serverProperties StanfordCoreNLP-german.properties \
-preload tokenize,ssplit,pos,ner,parse \
-status_port 9002  -port 9002 -timeout 15000

在Python中:

>>> from nltk.tag.stanford import CoreNLPPOSTagger, CoreNLPNERTagger
>>> stpos, stner = CoreNLPPOSTagger('http://localhost:9002'), CoreNLPNERTagger('http://localhost:9002')

>>> stpos.tag('Ich bin schwanger'.split())
[('Ich', 'PPER'), ('bin', 'VAFIN'), ('schwanger', 'ADJD')]

>>> stner.tag('Donald Trump besuchte Angela Merkel in Berlin.'.split())
[('Donald', 'I-PER'), ('Trump', 'I-PER'), ('besuchte', 'O'), ('Angela', 'I-PER'), ('Merkel', 'I-PER'), ('in', 'O'), ('Berlin', 'I-LOC'), ('.', 'O')]

西类牙语

在终端中:

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip
unzip stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip && cd stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-spanish-corenlp-2016-10-31-models.jar
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stanfordnlp/CoreNLP/master/src/edu/stanford/nlp/pipeline/StanfordCoreNLP-spanish.properties

java -Xmx4g -cp "*" edu.stanford.nlp.pipeline.StanfordCoreNLPServer \
-serverProperties StanfordCoreNLP-spanish.properties \
-preload tokenize,ssplit,pos,ner,parse \
-status_port 9003  -port 9003 -timeout 15000

在Python中:

>>> from nltk.tag.stanford import CoreNLPPOSTagger, CoreNLPNERTagger
>>> stpos, stner = CoreNLPPOSTagger('http://localhost:9003'), CoreNLPNERTagger('http://localhost:9003')

>>> stner.tag(u'Barack Obama salió con Michael Jackson .'.split())
[(u'Barack', u'PERS'), (u'Obama', u'PERS'), (u'sali\xf3', u'O'), (u'con', u'O'), (u'Michael', u'PERS'), (u'Jackson', u'PERS'), (u'.', u'O')]

>>> stpos.tag(u'Barack Obama salió con Michael Jackson .'.split())
[(u'Barack', u'np00000'), (u'Obama', u'np00000'), (u'sali\xf3', u'vmis000'), (u'con', u'sp000'), (u'Michael', u'np00000'), (u'Jackson', u'np00000'), (u'.', u'fp')]

法语

在终端中:

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip
unzip stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip && cd stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-french-corenlp-2016-10-31-models.jar
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stanfordnlp/CoreNLP/master/src/edu/stanford/nlp/pipeline/StanfordCoreNLP-french.properties

java -Xmx4g -cp "*" edu.stanford.nlp.pipeline.StanfordCoreNLPServer \
-serverProperties StanfordCoreNLP-french.properties \
-preload tokenize,ssplit,pos,parse \
-status_port 9004  -port 9004 -timeout 15000

在Python中:

>>> from nltk.tag.stanford import CoreNLPPOSTagger
>>> stpos = CoreNLPPOSTagger('http://localhost:9004')
>>> stpos.tag('Je suis enceinte'.split())
[(u'Je', u'CLS'), (u'suis', u'V'), (u'enceinte', u'NC')]

阿拉伯语

在终端中:

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip
unzip stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31.zip && cd stanford-corenlp-full-2016-10-31

wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-arabic-corenlp-2016-10-31-models.jar
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stanfordnlp/CoreNLP/master/src/edu/stanford/nlp/pipeline/StanfordCoreNLP-arabic.properties

java -Xmx4g -cp "*" edu.stanford.nlp.pipeline.StanfordCoreNLPServer \
-serverProperties StanfordCoreNLP-french.properties \
-preload tokenize,ssplit,pos,parse \
-status_port 9005  -port 9005 -timeout 15000

在Python中:

>>> from nltk.tag.stanford import CoreNLPPOSTagger
>>> from nltk.tokenize.stanford import CoreNLPTokenizer
>>> sttok = CoreNLPTokenizer('http://localhost:9005')
>>> stpos = CoreNLPPOSTagger('http://localhost:9005')
>>> text = u'انا حامل'
>>> stpos.tag(sttok.tokenize(text))
[('انا', 'DET'), ('حامل', 'NC')]