java - 连接查询导致 UnsatisfiedDependencyException

Question

我正在开发一个 spring data jpa 和 thymeleaf 项目，并且遇到了连接查询问题。

我有 3 个表(多对多关系):
1. 类(class)
2. 选项
3. 连接表:options_has_lesson

我将执行联接查询，以从选项 ID + 与选项 ID 不相关的 Activity 类(class)中获取相关类(class)。

我的下面的请求有效，并且我在 phpMyAdmin 中有我想要的记录，但是当我将请求保存到我的存储库中时，Eclipse 立即显示异常。

我已经在 spring data 中进行了其他查询(但没有 join )，并且没有遇到此类问题。我想这是因为加入，甚至错误消息看起来“清晰”，我几乎无法解决它。

这是我的类(class)模型

@Entity
@Table(name="lesson")
@EntityListeners(AuditingEntityListener.class)
public class Lesson implements Serializable
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;

@Column(name="active")
@NotNull
private Boolean active = true;

@Column(name="name")
@NotNull
@Size(max=255)
private String name;

@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY,
        cascade = { 
            CascadeType.PERSIST,
            CascadeType.MERGE
        },
        mappedBy = "lessons")
private Set<User> users = new HashSet<>();

@OneToMany(mappedBy = "lesson")
@JsonBackReference
private Set<OptionsHasLesson> optionsHasLesson = 
    new HashSet<OptionsHasLesson>();

public Lesson() {}

/**the getters & setters**/
}

这是我的选项模型

@Entity
@Table(name = "options")
@EntityListeners(AuditingEntityListener.class)
public class Options implements Serializable
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;

@Column(name="name")
@NotNull
@Size(max = 255)
private String name;

@Column(name="active")
@NotNull
private Boolean active = true;

@OneToMany(mappedBy = "options")
@JsonBackReference
private Set<OptionsHasLesson> optionsHasLesson = 
    new HashSet<OptionsHasLesson>();

public Options()
{}
    /**the getters & setters**/
}

这是我的连接表

@Entity
@Table(name="options_has_lesson")
@EntityListeners(AuditingEntityListener.class)
public class OptionsHasLesson implements Serializable
{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Id
@GeneratedValue
@Column(name="id")
private long id;

@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name = "option_id")
@JsonManagedReference
private Options options;

@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name = "lesson_id")
@JsonManagedReference
private Lesson lesson;

@Column(name = "period_by_week")
@NotNull
private int periodByWeek;

/**the getters & setters**/

}

这是我的 LessonRepository 和查询

@Repository
public interface LessonRepository extends JpaRepository<Lesson ,Long>
{
List<Lesson> findByActiveTrueOrderByNameAsc();

@Query("SELECT l.id as lesson_id, l.name as lesson_name, l.active as lesson_active,"
        + " ohl.id as ohl_id, ohl.lesson_id as ohl_lesson_id, ohl.option_id, ohl.period_by_week "
        + "from lesson l "
        + "left join options_has_lesson ohl "
        + "on ohl.lesson_id = l.id "
        + "where ohl.option_id = :id or ohl.option_id is NULL and l.active is TRUE")
List<Object> findCustomQuery(@Param("id") Long id);
}

这是一个异常(exception)

2019-01-03 10:41:25.176 ERROR Byron-PC --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.SpringApplication                  : Application run failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'lessonController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'lessonRepository'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'lessonRepository': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Validation failed for query for method public abstract java.util.List be.bschool.repository.LessonRepository.findCustomQuery(java.lang.Long)!
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:596)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:90)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:374)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1378)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:575)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:498)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:846)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:863)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:546)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:140)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:775)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:316)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1260)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1248)
    at be.bschool.BschoolSpringJpaThymeleafApplication.main(BschoolSpringJpaThymeleafApplication.java:14)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'lessonRepository': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Validation failed for query for method public abstract java.util.List be.bschool.repository.LessonRepository.findCustomQuery(java.lang.Long)!
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1745)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:576)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:498)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:273)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1239)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1166)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:593)
    ... 24 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Validation failed for query for method public abstract java.util.List be.bschool.repository.LessonRepository.findCustomQuery(java.lang.Long)!
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.SimpleJpaQuery.validateQuery(SimpleJpaQuery.java:93)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.SimpleJpaQuery.<init>(SimpleJpaQuery.java:63)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryFactory.fromMethodWithQueryString(JpaQueryFactory.java:76)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryFactory.fromQueryAnnotation(JpaQueryFactory.java:56)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryLookupStrategy$DeclaredQueryLookupStrategy.resolveQuery(JpaQueryLookupStrategy.java:139)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryLookupStrategy$CreateIfNotFoundQueryLookupStrategy.resolveQuery(JpaQueryLookupStrategy.java:206)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryLookupStrategy$AbstractQueryLookupStrategy.resolveQuery(JpaQueryLookupStrategy.java:79)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lookupQuery(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:566)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lambda$mapMethodsToQuery$1(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:559)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.Iterator.forEachRemaining(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.Collections$UnmodifiableCollection$1.forEachRemaining(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.mapMethodsToQuery(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:561)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lambda$new$0(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:551)
    at java.util.Optional.map(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.<init>(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:551)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport.getRepository(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:324)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.lambda$afterPropertiesSet$5(RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.java:297)
    at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.getNullable(Lazy.java:211)
    at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.get(Lazy.java:94)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.afterPropertiesSet(RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.java:300)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaRepositoryFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(JpaRepositoryFactoryBean.java:119)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1804)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1741)
    ... 34 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException: lesson is not mapped [SELECT l.id as lesson_id, l.name as lesson_name, l.active as lesson_active, ohl.id as ohl_id, ohl.lesson_id as ohl_lesson_id, ohl.option_id, ohl.period_by_week from lesson l left join options_has_lesson ohl on ohl.lesson_id = l.id where ohl.option_id = :id or ohl.option_id is NULL and l.active is TRUE]
    at org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionConverterImpl.convert(ExceptionConverterImpl.java:138)
    at org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionConverterImpl.convert(ExceptionConverterImpl.java:181)
    at org.hibernate.internal.ExceptionConverterImpl.convert(ExceptionConverterImpl.java:188)
    at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSharedSessionContract.createQuery(AbstractSharedSessionContract.java:713)
    at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSessionImpl.createQuery(AbstractSessionImpl.java:23)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.ExtendedEntityManagerCreator$ExtendedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(ExtendedEntityManagerCreator.java:350)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy646.createQuery(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.SimpleJpaQuery.validateQuery(SimpleJpaQuery.java:87)
    ... 63 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException: lesson is not mapped [SELECT l.id as lesson_id, l.name as lesson_name, l.active as lesson_active, ohl.id as ohl_id, ohl.lesson_id as ohl_lesson_id, ohl.option_id, ohl.period_by_week from lesson l left join options_has_lesson ohl on ohl.lesson_id = l.id where ohl.option_id = :id or ohl.option_id is NULL and l.active is TRUE]
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException.generateQueryException(QuerySyntaxException.java:79)
    at org.hibernate.QueryException.wrapWithQueryString(QueryException.java:103)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.doCompile(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:219)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.compile(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:143)
    at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.<init>(HQLQueryPlan.java:119)
    at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.<init>(HQLQueryPlan.java:80)
    at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.QueryPlanCache.getHQLQueryPlan(QueryPlanCache.java:153)
    at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSharedSessionContract.getQueryPlan(AbstractSharedSessionContract.java:595)
    at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSharedSessionContract.createQuery(AbstractSharedSessionContract.java:704)
    ... 71 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException: lesson is not mapped
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.util.SessionFactoryHelper.requireClassPersister(SessionFactoryHelper.java:169)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.tree.FromElementFactory.addFromElement(FromElementFactory.java:91)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.tree.FromClause.addFromElement(FromClause.java:79)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.HqlSqlWalker.createFromElement(HqlSqlWalker.java:331)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.fromElement(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:3695)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.fromElementList(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:3584)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.fromClause(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:720)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.query(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:576)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.selectStatement(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:313)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.statement(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:261)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.analyze(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:271)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.doCompile(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:191)
    ... 77 more

Answer 1

正如目前所述，您的查询是用 SQL 编写的。 Spring使用的默认语言是HQL。这是一种面向对象的语言，因此在使用 SQL 语法时会引发异常。

为了在 Spring 中使用 SQL，应按以下方式构建查询:

@Query(value=<SQL Query String>, nativeQuery=true)

这允许 Spring 执行 SQL。

此外，如果您使用 HQL，请注意，您通过对象名称引用字段，而不是通过表名称。

所以如果你想选择 option_id从表中options_has_lessons ，它看起来像这样:

SQL:@Query(value="SELECT option_id FROM options_has_lessons", nativeQuery=true)
总部:@Query("SELECT options FROM OptionsHasLessons")