我想打印不包括文件夹的目录树。我已经知道像这样打印树的基本方法:
tree /A > tree.txt
我想实现这样的目标:
tree /A [exclude folder node_modules] > tree.txt
最佳答案
cmd.exe
的内部 tree
命令不支持排除目录。
如果您只需要按名称排除目录本身,不需要它们的整个子树 (子目录及其后代),参见 nferrell's answer .
如果您需要排除与给定名称匹配的目录的整个子树,则需要做更多的工作 - 见下文。
下面是 PowerShell 函数 tree
的源代码,它模拟了 cmd.exe
的 tree
命令的行为,同时:
提供按名称选择性排除子树
注意:您可以指定由,
分隔的多个名称,名称可以是通配符模式 - 请注意,它们仅适用于目录 name,但不是完整路径。提供跨平台支持
注意:请务必使用 带 BOM 的 UTF-8 编码保存脚本,以便脚本在没有-Ascii
的情况下正常运行。提供开关
-IncludeFiles
也可以打印文件。
加载下面的函数后,所需的命令如下所示:
tree -Exclude node_modules -Ascii > tree.txt
运行 tree -?
或 Get-Help tree
获取更多信息。
### `tree` source code (add to your `$PROFILE`, for instance; PSv4+):
function tree {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Prints a directory's subtree structure, optionally with exclusions. #'
.DESCRIPTION
Prints a given directory's subdirectory structure recursively in tree form,
so as to visualize the directory hierarchy similar to cmd.exe's built-in
'tree' command, but with the added ability to exclude subtrees by directory
names.
NOTE: Symlinks to directories are not followed; a warning to that effect is
issued.
.PARAMETER Path
The target directory path; defaults to the current directory.
You may specify a wildcard pattern, but it must resolve to a single directory.
.PARAMETER Exclude
One or more directory names that should be excluded from the output; wildcards
are permitted. Any directory that matches anywhere in the target hierarchy
is excluded, along with its subtree.
If -IncludeFiles is also specified, the exclusions are applied to the files'
names as well.
.PARAMETER IncludeFiles
By default, only directories are printed; use this switch to print files
as well.
.PARAMETER Ascii
Uses ASCII characters to visualize the tree structure; by default, graphical
characters from the OEM character set are used.
.PARAMETER IndentCount
Specifies how many characters to use to represent each level of the hierarchy.
Defaults to 4.
.PARAMETER Force
Includes hidden items in the output; by default, they're ignored.
.NOTES
Directory symlinks are NOT followed, and a warning to that effect is issued.
.EXAMPLE
tree
Prints the current directory's subdirectory hierarchy.
.EXAMPLE
tree ~/Projects -Ascii -Force -Exclude node_modules, .git
Prints the specified directory's subdirectory hierarchy using ASCII characters
for visualization, including hidden subdirectories, but excluding the
subtrees of any directories named 'node_modules' or '.git'.
#>
[cmdletbinding(PositionalBinding=$false)]
param(
[parameter(Position=0)]
[string] $Path = '.',
[string[]] $Exclude,
[ValidateRange(1, [int]::maxvalue)]
[int] $IndentCount = 4,
[switch] $Ascii,
[switch] $Force,
[switch] $IncludeFiles
)
# Embedded recursive helper function for drawing the tree.
function _tree_helper {
param(
[string] $literalPath,
[string] $prefix
)
# Get all subdirs. and, if requested, also files.
$items = Get-ChildItem -Directory:(-not $IncludeFiles) -LiteralPath $LiteralPath -Force:$Force
# Apply exclusion filter(s), if specified.
if ($Exclude -and $items) {
$items = $items.Where({ $name = $_.Name; -not $Exclude.Where({ $name -like $_ }, 'First') })
}
if (-not $items) { return } # no subdirs. / files, we're done
$i = 0
foreach ($item in $items) {
$isLastSibling = ++$i -eq $items.Count
# Print this dir.
$prefix + $(if ($isLastSibling) { $chars.last } else { $chars.interior }) + $chars.hline * ($indentCount-1) + $item.Name
# Recurse, if it's a subdir (rather than a file).
if ($item.PSIsContainer) {
if ($item.LinkType) { Write-Warning "Not following dir. symlink: $item"; continue }
$subPrefix = $prefix + $(if ($isLastSibling) { $chars.space * $indentCount } else { $chars.vline + $chars.space * ($indentCount-1) })
_tree_helper $item.FullName $subPrefix
}
}
} # function _tree_helper
# Hashtable of characters used to draw the structure
$ndx = [bool] $Ascii
$chars = @{
interior = ('├', '+')[$ndx]
last = ('└', '\')[$ndx] #'
hline = ('─', '-')[$ndx]
vline = ('│', '|')[$ndx]
space = ' '
}
# Resolve the path to a full path and verify its existence and expected type.
$literalPath = (Resolve-Path $Path).Path
if (-not $literalPath -or -not (Test-Path -PathType Container -LiteralPath $literalPath) -or $literalPath.count -gt 1) { throw "'$Path' must resolve to a single, existing directory."}
# Print the target path.
$literalPath
# Invoke the helper function to draw the tree.
_tree_helper $literalPath
}
关于windows - 打印目录树但排除 Windows cmd 上的文件夹,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43810090/