java - 如何使 Async 注解在 Spring Boot 中工作？

Question

我创建了一个简单的 Spring Boot 应用程序，其中包含计划 (@Scheduled) 任务。在该计划任务中，我想使用 @Async 调用异步函数，但我可以看到它仍然在调度线程上运行，而无需切换到另一个线程。我也尝试过自定义执行器，但没有成功。这是一些代码。 我也已经在主类中启用了异步

    public class scheduledService {
    @Scheduled(fixedRateString = "${config.scheduleInterval}")
    public void pollDataWithFixSchedule() {
        AsyncService service = new AsyncService();
        service.asyncCall();
        service.asyncCall();
        service.asyncCall();
 asyncCall();
    }
}
    public class AsyncService {
    @Async()
    public void asyncCall(){
       System.out.printly("Current thread -- {}",Thread.currentThread().getName()))
       Thread.sleep(10000);
    }
}

    @Bean(name = "MyThreadPoolExecutor")
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setCorePoolSize(7);
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(42);
        executor.setQueueCapacity(11);
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyThreadPoolExecutor-");
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
@EnableAsync
public class ScheduledApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(ScheduledApplication.class);
        application.setBannerMode(Banner.Mode.OFF);
        application.run(args);
    }
}

Answer 1

根据Baeldung :

@Async has two limitations:

• it must be applied to public methods only
• self-invocation – calling the async method from within the same class – won't work

The reasons are simple – the method needs to be public so that it can be proxied. And self-invocation doesn't work because it bypasses the proxy and calls the underlying method directly. so you can put your async method in a service and use it from there